I Amur River: ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho kunye nenkcazelo. I Amur River - Photo

Umlambo inkulu Pacific izidanga, iRussia umlambo Amur, iifoto ezo zichazwe kweli nqaku. yebhanki elifanelekileyo phantse ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kummandla China (PRC), abanye - in RF. Kube lula ukuzalana phakathi kwamazwe amabini, khon 'ukuze ukubamba isiganeko ubuncinane enye emanzini Amur, imvume kufuneka kufunwe mazwe.

Inkcazelo Amur River

ubude lwamanzi ngu 2824 km. Umlomo i uLwandle Okhotsk. flow Amanzi eyahlukileyo ngokubalulekileyo usuka kwezinye nemilambo. Ubuncinane umsele ekhethekileyo namandla. Ngenxa yokuba kule zasehlotyeni iimvula zemvula, ubusika ayikho nekhephu kakhulu. Entlakohlaza ezi ndawo izizathu amaqondo obushushu asezantsi, oko kukhokelele uninzi qhwa phezu komlambo ngokomphushu kunokuba inyibilika. Yiyo le Okukodwa kuchaphazela ixesha elifutshane izikhukhula.

ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo

Into kwemithambo ebalulekileyo East Asia nguye River Amur. ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo ogqobhozela inxalenye kakhulu kwicandelo eneji, ukuloba, ezothutho kunye nemithi zokudada.

• Energy. Emva kokuba kwakhiwe izikhululo lombane eziliqela, nto leyo ezazakhiwe kutshanje, emva kwebanga iye efanelekileyo ukuthunyelwa. Le ndawo apho sele kwakhiwe izikhululo, esisityebi intsimbi, isinyithi kunye namalahle. Apha kukho amahlathi, amazwe amaninzi otyebileyo, ezisetyenziswa ekuqhutyweni umsebenzi wezolimo. indawo Amur uluncedo kakhulu kwinkalo wamandla kwaye lishishini ithemba.
• Ukuqabela zothutho. Transport phezu komlambo ayikho embi onke amazwe apho livela khona. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwezinye iindawo ngasemfuleni kukho ukufuna ezininzi kakhulu aphazamisane navigation. Njengoko ngokunjalo iindlela njengonombombiya ayikho kakuhle kakhulu, ebangela abanye ngokuphazamiseka.

Ngasechwebeni ukuhamba kwamanzi uye amahlathi wonke yandisa kulo lonke Amur ukuba nemingenela yawo ezinkulu. Bona ezilungele ziintaka kwimveliso.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ukubaluleka yamahlathi kwiinkalo zoshishino kunye nokuthuthwa lincinane, solo kuhlala kweyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kuqoqosho.

indawo okuyo

I Amur River, ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho apho luyathandabuzeka, elise East Asia. Pool kwamanzi iquka emahlathini, emathafeni, semi-intlango kunye nezowuni emathafeni geographical.

Senziwe ngenxa uxhulumaniso lwe Argun kunye Shilka. Indawo apho i Amur iqala, uthathwa ukuba esikunxweme lwempuma yeso kwisiqithi Crazy. Noko ke, kukholelwa ukuba umthombo ukuhamba kwamanzi kukho umlambo encinane angangeni emlanjeni Onon.

Inxalenye echibini, kubekwe phezu kummandla Russian Federation, yahlulwe imimandla emibini: YaseSiberia (wesithili ithumba kwemijelo yamanzi Argun, Shilka) kunye East Far (Amur River valley indawo lomhlaba).

umfula zamanzi

I Amur River, ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho oko ukuloba, unkcenkceshelo, navigation komhlaba, bagqitywe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kufutshane emlonyeni imfuneko yamanzi ifikelela amawaka 11 ^m3 / s, kufuphi Komsomolsk-na--. Eliwaka ukuya ku-9 m ³ / s ..

Valley umlambo zolwelo yohlulwe ezimqoka:

• eliphezulu (ubude - 880 km, isantya yangoku - 5 km / h);
• avareji (ubude - 970 km, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi - 3 ukuya kwezi-5 km / h);
• ephantsi (ubude - 960 km, bomyinge wamanzi - 6.4 km / h).

Ngenxa imvula ngexesha ehlotyeni inqanaba lamanzi utshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Kummandla lisezantsi nokunyuka inqanaba lamanzi 15 m kwimimandla engasentla kunye ophakathi -. 8 m Ngenxa iimvula elide ukuze kukhukulisa. Umlambo kudla luyaphuphuma nge-25 km kwaye ebanjwe kwindlela enjalo phantse ezintathu iinyanga. Emva kokuba yamanzi zakhiwa, i Amur River, ukusetyenziswa lwezoqoqosho esele ulawulwa ngokupheleleyo, akusayi uye kuloo mida yabo.

flow Amanzi esisityebi kunene iintlanzi. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100, akukho nto 'baqhayise "omnye umlambo Russian. Ngenxa yokuba fanele ukuba Amur kwiphondo lenguqu zoogeographic, akukho siphile iintlanzi okufana ezinye imilambo eSiberia (burbot, whitefish), kodwa ezo njengenxalenye izilwanyana Sino-Japanese (zeCARP, Elopichthys Bambusa, zakhele Chinese , njalo njalo).