Gauleiter e Germany yamaNazi - ngubani na le nto? Koluhlu lwemigangatho yabasemagunyeni Party lwamaNazi

Imbali iJamani yamaNazi siphila ixesha elifutshane, kodwa wamagazi kakhulu. Qala wawunika le-Great Depression (Great Depression) - le ntlekele yehlabathi yezoqoqosho, eyaqala ngo-1929, ingakumbi echaphazela ushishino omkhulu lizwe; eUnited States naseKhanada, i-UK, eFransi naseJamani. Ngowe-1933 Walidiliza Weimar Republic yaye waba negalelo ekunyukeni kumandla Adolf Hitler.

Rise amandla

abangaphangeliyo kwezigidi ezithandathu, lilonke nokukhula ukunganeliseki labemi zavelisa radicalization elibukhali (ukuzibophelela kakhulu umnqwazi ukuya imbono ethile) kule nkampani. Amaninzi ndawonye (phantse-17%), kodwa abaxhasi NSDAP waba phantse ngokuphindwe kabini. Adolf Hitler kutshatyalaliswa endleleni ayo amandla abo, kunye nabanye ', kangangokuba-30 Januwari 1933 waba Chancellor eJamani.

Germany Nazi waba urhulumente yileyo kunye nenkqubo-iqela elinye (njengazo zonke kolawulo ezinjalo), imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ezibe ubugrogrisi lwangaphakathi kunye nokwandiswa lwangaphandle.

State zwilakhe

Kule ezinabantu, yaye wawakhobokisa yonke iYurophu oluphahlwe kwiinkampu nokufa kunye izothuso waba nanjengokwesimo kwaye nomthetho. Germany Nazi ke safa kunye lukaHitler wakhe, ulime, kodwa ngokusesikweni Wesithathu yaphela 23 Meyi 1945, ngexesha lokwenzeka upheliswe urhulumente Flensburg ekhokelwa uKarl Doenitz. Ukutshabalalisa nokucalulwa abantu abacinezelekileyo --nkqubo esemthethweni karhulumente vampire, ebe ikhona iminyaka eli-12. OwayenguMlawuli imimandla enkulu oyisa, ngubani onoxanduva Ukusekwa kunye nokuthotyelwa kwi "umyalelo omtsha 'kumazwe ephathiswe kuye?

unit Political

Gauleiter e Germany yamaNazi - oko ezisemthethweni, osindwa onke amandla kwi iyunithi yolawulo kunye zendawo, okanye "Gau", nto leyo wammisa njengoko uMlawuli ngokwakhe. Eneneni, ukuba intloko yesithili. Ngowe-1933 - intloko wabavoti, leyo 33 Kamva, xa intsimi yoyiswa, izithili (hayi konyulo) yaba 43 Emva ngowe-1925, emva kokuba lwahlulekile "Beer Hall Putsch" ye NSDAP kwaba ihlelwe, okubangela indawo Gauleiter yabonakala. Kwaye ngo-1928 kule post ziqukwe kuluhlu sezikhundla iqela, kwaye omfuziselo yawo ezimbini oki wegqabi buttonholes zabo.

Kuluhlu lwezinto Wesithathu

Gaba e Germany yamaNazi, ezintlwini kunye nomfuziselo aba umkhosi, i-SS, i-party. Ekubeni inkokeli gau behlelo isakhiwo yamva, kuyimfuneko ukubacacisela izixhobo beqela Empire. isikhundla eliphezulu kwinqanaba Imperial ilifa Reichsleiter (omdala emva kokuba uHitler), ngoko Gau waba ngokwendalo Gauleiter, kwinqanaba lesithili krayslyayter zimelwe kunye orstgruppenlyayter ubukhulu becala ekuhlaleni. Kokuba kuchazwe ukuba Gauleiter eJamani ngamaNazi - ke intloko Party lwamaNazi ukumnika ukusetyenziswa sonke kulo mmandla, oko kukuthi, uthabatha indawo eliphezulu iqela kule ndawo. amandla akhe khona ngukumkani, kuphela umsebenzi we-uMlawuli ema phambi kwakhe. Kwafuneka yakhe isakhiwo amandla, baphantsi kwabo, oko kukuthi ngoko nangoko emva Gauleiter waba isekela lakhe, ebika ukuba gauptamtslyayter okanye isigqeba ophetheyo kwemicimbi iqela zangaphakathi. Ngoko ke umyalelo kwafika amtslyayter, gaptshtellenlyayter, shtellenlyayter kunye mitarbayter.

isihloko eceleni

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe, Gauleiter eJamani yamaNazi - yenye ezintlwini ephezulu Party Workers Socialist National Nazi Germany. De 1939 "Gauleiter" kwaba kunye nesikhundla, kunye isihloko, emva - isikhundla kuphela. NeSekela Gauleiter - emva 1939 kungathatha iposi abaphetheyo irenki befelslyaytera gauptdinstlyaytera. Ke sanyanzeleka ukuba ukunxiba enhla, engqina isikhundla sakhe. Party sabaphathi Wesithathu kakhulu edidayo. Hitler wadala qela liphikisayo karhulumente, urhulumente kunye iqela izixhobo apho ezinyibilikiswe kunokwenzeka.

Ngubani Reichskommissar

Gauleiter e Germany yamaNazi - nto zombini irhuluneli asebukhosini. Yena waba uhlobo oyintloko umongameli uyiphathisiweyo kuye, "Gau". Loo nto ibaluleke ngakumbi kukuba akunjalo. UMlawuli wamisa Gauleiter urhulumente wephondo ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, baba kwakusekho izikhundla Reichskommissars okanye kwabalawuli. Eneneni, Reichskommissar ukwenza imisebenzi karhulumente, ngaphandle kokungena isakhiwo, yaye ukubheka ngqo kuphela uMlawuli. Owona mzekelo yacaca - UHerman Goering kwi isithuba Reich Aviation. Kodwa njengokuba amakhoboka komhlaba ngakumbi nangakumbi, ezi zithuba ziye zaziswa kwi intsimi entsha ukuphumeza kuzo umgaqo-nkqubo asebukhosini. injongo yaso kuphela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kwisigaba sokuqala - yalugudla unako kuwo la mimandla, mercilessly olwaluxhaphaza izibonelelo zoqoqosho loluntu, ngomhla wesibini - ecacileyo, abhubhise ngokupheleleyo okanye zibe namaqegu abantu balapha, kunye ukulungiselela nsimu bezithanga German abangenamakhaya.

kwisahlulo Territorial nemimandla ikhoboka

Kuba kubukhoboka sokugqibela belizwe ezihlonyelwe Reichskommisariat zilandelayo zadalwa: i-Netherlands, Norway, Ostland, Ukraine (wabumba Agasti 20, 1941, nekomkhulu yayo Rivne), impangele, neCaucasus kunye Turkestan. ezimbini zokugqibela kuphela zacwangciswa, impangele yamiselwa, kodwa ugxothiwe ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo. Ukraine isinde - ngo-1942 Goch wamiselwa Gauleiter of Reich kweli lizwe. Ngubani na yena - UErich Goch, ngasentla apho ilanga, futhi kupholile - uHitler kuphela? Izikhundla kunye namagama waba ngokwaneleyo. Kule nkalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ukongeza zonke izithuba ngasentla, izihloko, amanani, nto leyo ethetha enye into - namandla angenasiphelo kwakhona, ibinguye oyintloko kulawulo lwaseburhulumenteni, kwaye kananjalo oko bakhonza UErich Goch (District Bialystok).

Konke ubambe Goch

Ukongeza, le CA Obergruppenfiihrer (leytinant-Jikelele Wezomkhosi) Waba Gauleiter kunye oberprezidentom East Prussia. On yomnyango Reich Ukraine wahlala de-1944, oko kuqiniswe zonke izithuba ngasentla. Yaye zonke izikhundla yahlukile kwi ubukrwada kunye nenkohlakalo ngaphezu zonke ezinye wabasiki lwamaNazi. Le omcimbi lwamaNazi enkulu ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na enye eyaziwa kwilizwe lethu kanye ngenxa yokuba umkhosi Ukraine, nangona igama lakhe linxulunyaniswa yokuduka kwiGumbi Amber, kunye ukufika igqiza Ribbentrop ngo-1939 eMoscow.

bonze lwamaNazi

UErich Goch kwi ngokoqobo ingqiqo Gauleiter of Ukraine wayengekho, yena Reich uMkomishinala, kuba esithi "Gauleiter" wabhangiswa ngowe-1939. Kungenzeka, kwi ezingqondweni zoluntu lo gama kuhlangene anxulunyaniswa ingqiqo host, ezikhalimela amandla mda, apho wayedla ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kwezinye manqaku ibizwa ngokuba "Gauleiter Reich Commissariat Ukraine." Ngokufutshane - umnini ikhoboka nxamnye Russian (Soviet okanye ngaphezulu) akuyi kuya. Goch wathi ngenxa Greater Jamani abantu ubomi ayikho inzuzo, ngoko ke malunga naluphi na ulawulo kunye ukuxhatshazwa hayi uthetha, baya nje kutshatyalaliswa. Kusenokwenzeka kongezwa ukuba le ngumncini kwiminyaka engama-36 awayichitha a kunokuba tofotofo, njengoko bakha entolongweni ngokwawo, kunye norhulumente waseSoviet akazange afune abuyiselwe yakhe. Yena waphila iminyaka engama-90.

namahlumela neo-udushe

Gauleiter of yaseJamani izinja unyanisekileyo Adolf Hitler. Emva kwemfazwe, lo irenki wakhumbula kwiminyaka 50 ngenxa yokuba i "Circle of Nauman," okanye "Circle of Gauleiters." Emva koko, kweli lizwe ke ubomi kakhulu intshukumo zeniyo-lwamaNazi. Ekuxhaseni Naumann (Minister of Cofa uze Propaganda we Wesithathu), abaphetheyo owayesakuba zamaNazi wayefuna ndzulu abasemagunyeni ephakamileyo lomthetho nelesigqeba yaseJamani.