Despotism - kuyinto ilungelo mda zabo

Ukufunda imbali yesikolo okanye iziko lemfundo ephakamileyo, umfundi ngamnye elihlangana ngemithombo eyahlukeneyo ukukhankanya abalawuli ukhohlakele ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ebonakalaliswe ekufezekiseni kweziganga amandla yobugorha iindlela awahambisani kunye ingqikelelo uluntu. Ukulusiphula abantu yonke, abachasi isohlwayo kunye nokubulala kwabo okhohlisayo, ukuvalelwa emhadini okhuphisana kunokwenzeka, kunye nezinye iindlela ukomeleza ngeqhudu khange ingaqhelekanga ngamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile, yaye kumaXesha Aphakathi, yaye ngenkulungwane, uthathwa ukuba bazi ngaphezulu. Bazenz noozwilakhe bezisoloko baphila, yayahluke kuphela isikali mthetho kunye neendlela kuzaliseka.

bazenz yamandulo

Ngoko ke, drevneiudeysky uKumkani uHerode Omkhulu, eyaduma phambi kokuba iiprojekthi zokwakha ezinkulu-isikali kunye ukulwa nendlala wathi mazitshatyalaliswe zonke iintsana ukukhusela ngeqhudu yalo isisongelo kunokwenzeka (Mateyu).

Despotism - luhlobo karhulumente apho ukuthanda komlawuli kuthe ayiphelelanga imithetho elawula ubomi onke amanye amalungu oluntu. Ekubeni ukufuna ubulungisa ezendeleyo kanye uhlobo womntu, ukusekwa kwe-yindoda ibe nye kufuna ezinye iinzame kwaye lukhatshwa izenzo zobundlobongela, sithwele guma yokomfuziselo. Kuphela ukusetyenziswa ngesothuso ubunzima iyakwazi oluthile, maxa wambi ixesha elide ukuxelela abantu babecinga ngamampunge yokunganyangeki.

Kukho ezinye iindlela apho ngokwemveli efakiweyo despotism. Ingaba ukudalwa inkohliso of kwabemi waphezulu kunye nobuchule obungaqhelekanga (iimpawu zobuqu) irula. Ukuze wenze oku, umzekelo, e eYiputa yamandulo, ooFaro, esebenzisa ulwazi ababingeleli ngelo xesha "elite kwizifundo", ekhutshelwe ukutyhileka ngeziganeko zendalo amandla abo amakhulu.

Kukho uluvo lwakhe nokubabhaqa okhethekileyo eyahlula despotism Oriental. Totalitarianism abalawuli bamaSumeri, ookumkani baseAsiriya, eBhabhiloni, iPersi, eMesopotamiya States, wabeka isiseko izithethe zamandulo Chinese, eyalandela oozwilakhe kwiinkulungwane zilandelayo. Kulo mzekelo, imithetho apho uluntu ukuze siphile, ukubhala, kunye Code kaHammurabi yaba kwase kwemigangatho zomthetho mihla. Ukuthobela kwawo kumelwe nabani na ukungathobeli bohlwaywe ngokuqatha, kodwa ngaphandle wayengumlawuli waphezulu.

yobumnyama

I Ottoman Le yayiyimeko kumaxesha, obabufikelela apogee despotism wayo wobukhosi. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha XIV-XVI eminyaka.

ERashiya, imithetho efanayo kwinkulungwane XVI, enguzwilakhe, Ivan IV, uWele Ivan abangcangcazelisi. Wayesenza iindlela hayi eloyikekayo ngaphantsi, ukomelezwa ngamandla kuphela, nangona inani lamaxhoba wobukumkani bakhe (malunga 3 amawaka. Man wabulawa nisona ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye ngenxa izinto zayo) ungaphantsi kakhulu kwi "impumelelo" ngabalawuli owayephila yaseYurophu. Ngokomzekelo, ebudeni ngobusuku St. Bartholomew ngokwemiyalelo uCharles IX ukuba abulawe 30,000 Huguenot. EBritani, isinye kwisithathu yabemi uHenry VIII ke iintloko ngezembe, ngenxa nokungaqiniseki.

Amaxabiso aphezulu inkqubela?

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo despotism - yinto enjalo ixesha xa ixabiso elikhulu iingxwelerha yoluntu, iqhutywa luloyiko, ngokwenza impumelelo kuphuhliso yayo, maxa wambi yotshintsho olululo. Uninzi zihlala ngemihla "Ukophuka ezinkulu" kakhulu ubenetloni, kodwa iziphumo kwesinye emangalisayo, ngaphandle kokuba uguqulelo kwenziwe ngendlela elungileyo. Kungenjalo, eli lizwe ukuba bahlawule imali eninzi umgudu ukuze ubuyele loqalo lwencopho le nkinga apho ezikhuphile uzwilakhe nelishwa.

A kancinci malunga oozwilakhe basekhaya

Noko ke, into yeetawuli kunye despotism - isenzeko akusoloko ezopolitiko, ukuba kwenzeka ukusebenza, kunye neentsapho. ukuthambekela ngoozwilakhe ezendeleyo kwezinye iinkokeli, amadoda, abafazi, yaye maxa wambi abantwana. kuvela bazenz xa iimpawu angaphakathi ehlanganiswa imfundo efanelekileyo kwaye zixhaswa yanelisa jikelele. Kwaye ngoko isohlwayo ulindele nabani na owenza into engalunganga, njengoko ufuna uzwilakhe.