Emathunjini amancinci: inkcazelo, isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza

Indlela ukusebenzisana ezingcakacileyo, Amathumbu amakhulu? Ziziphi iimpawu nxalenye amelwe na lokugaya? Yintoni indima kumdlalo emathunjini encinane inkqubo ukufunxeka kwezondlo? Siza kuzama ukuphendula le mibuzo neminye kwi komphuta kungeniso.

Inxalenye emathunjini amancinci yomntu

Ukwahlula yesisu elincane:

1. Duodenum kanga kwindawo isisu ezigwenxa. Le emathunjini amancinci lokuqala iyinxalenye ndzhendzheleko ejikeleza pancreas intsimbi yehashe. Le duodenum use phantse ngokupheleleyo em- retroperitoneal. Beyond isiphelo isithuba umhlehlo ayo kuphela - ampoule.
2. Jejunum yenza emathunjini amancinci eliphezulu. Thaca kwi ifomu kaloliwe ezisixhenxe emise kwicala lasekhohlo lwe peritoneum.
3. Ileum ibekwe kwindawo esezantsi ekunene esiswini. Its ekupheleni yomtya udlula kwindawo zangasese. Le ileum liqhagamshelene umgca kwaye kufutshane esinyini, isibeleko (kwabasetyhini).

ngokomzimba iparameters

Amacandelo zingentla emathunjini amancinci iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo babe ubudeki olungalinganiyo. Kule distal isalathisi zone proximal 2-3 cm ukuya - 4-6. Ebubanzini bodonga wamathumbu ilingana 2-3 mm yaye ifikelela 4.5 kwimeko yokunciphisa kwithishyu. Ubude emathunjini amancinci uphela kunokuba mitha 5-6. Ngelo xesha linye ubunzima bayo abadala phantse 650

emathunjini amancinci: amasebe, imisebenzi,

Iinkqubo ukugaywa ezinkulu zithatha indawo emathunjini amancinci. Le inwebu kwiinwebu inyama lasekuhlaleni uvelisa ixesha elikhulu enzyme esebenzayo. Luqhubekekisiwe nehummus - gruel ukutya adalwe ayo esiswini. Apha izinto eziluncedo iye yangena nkovu kunye igazi emithanjeni ezibonelela izithuthi zabo ancedisana neenkqubo omzimba. Khawuve oko imisebenzi yenziwa ngamacandelo emathunjini amancinci:

• Duodenum - le haydrolisis of iiprothini, isitatshi, amafutha. Inika imveliso esebenzayo enzyme. Iinkqubo undigested amasuntswana ukutya inyongo zothutho kwiziqulatho isisu.
• Jejunum - injini, sokufunxa, umsebenzi kwamadlala, lo haydrolisis of neeplastikhi.
• indawo Iliac - ezothutho kunye nomsebenzi motor. Inika nokufunxwa kwezinto ukuba akhiwa haydrolisis. Uhluza asidi enyongweni.

Ukukwazi weeseli ze emathunjini amancinci ukuya kwimveliso hormone

Imveliso hormone lisebenza umsebenzi okhethekileyo kwithishyu yasekuhlaleni. Inxalenye emathunjini amancinci azikho nje inxalenye phecana wokudla, kodwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yonyango. Ikhupha uluhlu olubanzi iincindi zamadlala elawula uthutho kunye motor umsebenzi emathunjini esiswini.

In emathunjini amancinci kutsalela esilandelayo weeseli yonyango:

• I-iiseli - ukuvelisa cholecystokinin;
• D-iiseli - somatostatin;
• M-iiseli - motilin;
• G-iiseli - gastrin;
• K-iiseli - glucose-oxhomekeke insulinotropic polypeptide;
• iiseli S- - secretin.

Ubuninzi iiseli hormone-ezivelisa ibekwe kwi jejunum kunye duodenum. yinxalenye encinane yabo - kule iliac.

wenza njani kokudla kwi emathunjini amancinci?

Ekugayeni kwi emathunjini amancinci ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. amathe Pre-ngayo kwaye esiswini juice yintlama evela nesisu asidi. In emathunjini amancinci ubunzima bubonakaliswe ukuhlasela obrak. Ngoko iimeko kangangoko nokuhlawulwa izondlo enzymes. Cleavage yeekhomponenti protein zeNkcazo oluludaka ukutya iphenjelelwa izinto zilandelayo ayo emathunjini:

1. Enqanda enterokinase, kinazogen, trypsin zigqithiswe iiprotheni ezilula.
2. Erepsin lusicande peptides zibe asidi acid.
3. izabelo Nuclease ukulandelela molekyuli entsonkothileyo protein imvelaphi, eyaziwa ngokuba nucleoproteins.
4. Enzyme maltase, phosphatase, amylase kunye yelactose zizigungxule silambile.
5. Lipase kuguqula amafutha.

Emva ezwi kwezinto luncedo ukusuka yintlama lokutya unyango kunye enzyme, kumalungu proteinaceous kunye ekudleni ukuba zifunxwe villi ye emathunjini amancinci. izinto Ezinye trace ukuthobela emithanjeni lwemithambo kwi ijwabu esibindini. Ngenxa yoko, nezikhongozelo zithunyelwa kwindlela emithanjeni.

Izifo emathunjini amancinci

Ezi zifo zixhaphakileyo ezichaphazela emathunjini amancinci, zezona urhudo kunye usisihlalo nokubambezeleka ezijikelezayo. ukuphazamiseka Defecation soloko ilandelwa yi kuphuhliso intlungu peritoneum. Lidla kwimeko ityiwe ukuphazamiseka ze emathunjini amancinci kukho intabalala flatulence. Kulo mzekelo, iintlungu lifutshane, alungise kwaye ayikho enye into enkulu ukukhathazeka.

A uphawu eqhelekileyo lokungaphumeleli kumsebenzi emathunjini amancinci - ukuduma kwi peritoneum, imvakalelo iintshukumo Nedlac esiswini. Amaninzi, ezi mpawu zibangelwa negesi amaninzi ukususela ukusetyenziswa kwezidumba, ikhaphetshu, iitapile, rye isonka. Kakhulu kwandisa ezi mpawu kuba ebusuku.

Ukuze nemiphumela emibi kakhulu nesiphumo kumsebenzi ekuvelisweni kweti i-enzyme ukuqhekeka chyme kwi Izakha. Ukuba ukudla ngenxa nokufunxwa kwezinto egazini kunye nkovu izitya, akuyonto kakuhle, oko kungakhokelela kwilahleko ubunzima, isenza buthathaka wethambo kunye izihlunu zomzimba. Imiphumo ukungacoleki kokutya kudla ilahleko iinwele, isikhumba owomileyo, imbonakalo ukudumba kule eziphelweni.

Kukho iimeko eziliqela ezisisiseko ezikhokelela kuphuhliso ezimbi kwi emathunjini amancinci:

• Malabsorption - malabsorption kwezondlo.
• Maldigestion - umsebenzi yokwetyisa phantsi.

Ukuba sithethe malunga nomgangatho ngokwaneleyo oluludaka processing ukutya, izenzakalo ezifanayo zenzeka malunga nemvelaphi amanqanaba asezantsi enzyme ayo namathumbu. Ukubila Low kunokuba zombini ezifunyenwe kwaye yemfuza. Ngokwesiqhelo esi sicwangciso ngezifo ezivelileyo ngenxa yokukrala ezingapheliyo, ukuphazamiseka yonyango, ungenelelo yotyando.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuhlola uphuhliso izifo isisu, iingcali aze asebenzise iindlela ezinjalo uphando:

• iimviwo philisi;
• SPL;
• colonoscopy;
• endoscopy;
• fibroscopy;
• ray.

Ngokubhekiselele kuhlalutyo, apho kubonelelwa inkqubo eqhelekileyo. Isigulana iirenti isitulo isampulu, igazi ithinjiwe. Noyibulala zagonyelwa ubukho ziimpethu. Xa isifundo kwegazi kuthathelwa ingqalelo isantya ukuhamba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukongezelela, ukwenza uxilongo, nto leyo evumela ukuvavanya isibindi kunye ndlala ndlala.

unyango

Therapy ejoliswe nokubuyisela imisebenzi emathunjini amancinci, kubandakanya, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuphelisa esi sifo ngxabano. Ngenxa yokungabikho enzyme ayo namathumbu abenza amalungiselelo eziqulathe kubo ethutyana zokwenziwa. Le lahleko Ubunzima yabelwa kuthetha ukuba isondlo parenteral emzimbeni. Njengenxalenye ubukho Kutshanje emulsion kwamafutha, ii-asidi acid, hydrolysates protein, iswekile wamandla.

Ukuba iingxaki zibangelwa dysbiosis isisu, amisele antibiotics. Le yokugqibela kungabangela buso okanye epheleleyo ukutshatyalaliswa enezityalo siyingenelo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, emva kokuba unyango isigulana ukwamkelwa "Bifikol", "Lactobacterin" okanye "kolibakterin" - iimveliso zebhayoloji ukuba abe nempembelelo entle ukubuyiselwa biocenosis emathunjini.

Kaninzi, izigulane abaphethwe ukuphazamiseka apha emathunjini amancinci, babelwa ukuba bafumane amayeza ebangela endleni itywina. Ezi ziquka iziyobisi kunye nomxholo eliphezulu calcium, bismuth. Ukuba ukuyilwa endleni ulwelo kubangela zaneleyo adhesion asidi ezinamanqatha, ukuba alungise le ngxaki aze asebenzise ukusetyenziswa carbon yasebenza. Zonke ezi ziganeko ezimbi ingentla ifuna pre-unyango ukuya kwagqirha. Ukuzisa emathunjini amancinci esiqhelweni, kubalulekile ukuba ukuzethemba, uxilongo ngexesha noncedo eyaneleyo kuthomalaliso kuphuhliswa specialist.

Ekuphetheni

Ngoko ke wakhangela ngelo kukodwa a amaqela emathunjini amancinane, ulwakhiwo amelwe yinxalenye lokugaya. Njengoko ubona, inyama wengingqi abanenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo iimveliso zokutya, et impera ibe izimbiwa ezahlukeneyo. emathunjini amancinci uvelisa iienzymes, iivithamini, iihomoni, nezenzi ekuphuculeni umsebenzi omzimba. Ngelo xesha linye kukuvela ukuswela iintsholongwane kuyingenelo ukuba aphile phezu kweendonga zayo; kusoloko kukhokelela kuphuhliso iimeko zophendlo lwezifo.