Amasebe Amathumbu amakhulu, isakhiwo sayo kunye nokusebenza

Le ephilayo sisigqeba inzima kakhulu kwaye ngexesha elinye ngokuvumelana. Phakathi iinkqubo ezibonelela imisebenzi yayo kubalulekile, kukho kwakhona enye into ephatha ngaphakathi engenayo kunye zizinto ukutya, izicatshulwa kakhulu luncedo kubo aze balahle inkunkuma, kwaye konke oku ngaphandle kwenkxamleko eninzi okanye akukho abazi ngamnye. Large emathunjini, isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi eza ukuxoxwa ingenkcukacha ezininzi - yinxalenye yale nqubo. Yintoni esiyaziyo ngaye?

lokugaya abantu

umzimba ngamnye kufuneka amandla ukuze bakwazi ukuphila kwabo. Luyafumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa abantu, njengamanye izilwanyana ezininzi, ngenxa yale njongo kukho gastro-ethunjini phecana kunye nenkqubo yonke yokwetyisa.

Le yinxalenye yomzimba kunokuba nzima yaye linoxanduva processing ngokupheleleyo zonke izinto engenayo, ukwanela utsalo ubuninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa iintsalela. bonke Iqala emlonyeni, ngenxa yokuba ekuqaleni ufumana apha ukutya. Kuqala yena ngocoselelo batyumkileyo egalelwe ngamathe, apho nangoko iqala cleavage yokuqala, yaye emva koko kuya esiswini. Apha, esebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo kwenzeka uqhubekeko phambili engenayo kunye nokufunxwa carbohydrate, inxalenye emanzini, ethanol kunye ezithile neetyuwa.

Inqanaba elilandelayo emathunjini amancinci. Kukho kwenzeka ngenxa yesisu basic, ukwetyisa carbohydrate, iiproteins kunye namafutha amacandelo okulula kunye nokufunxwa labo kunye nezothutho ukuze kunikezelwe kwizisele. Oku Bulelani ukuba isakhiwo eyodwa inwebu kwiinwebu umzimba. Isibakala sokuba umphezulu engaphakathi emathunjini isale mikrovyrostami - zomzimba, nto leyo eyandisa kwindawo sokufunxa kakhulu. Kwakhona eli sebe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye nkqubo hormone, njengoko kukho Yindibanisela hormone peptide eziliqela elawula umsebenzi iphecana zesisu kunye neenkqubo omzimba.

Ke ekugqibeleni, iqonga yokugqibela wokugaya - Amathumbu amakhulu. Isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yalo mzimba kufuneka ziqwalaselwe zodwa nokuba ngokweenkcukacha, ngenxa yokuba kungekho ngaphantsi umdla ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Kakade ke, kubalulekile kakhulu.

iimpawu colon

Igama wokugaya kubangelwe kukuba le mithambo angaphakathi mkhulu kunolo inxalenye odlulileyo. Umdla ngokwaneleyo, oku oqaphelekayo kuphela xa kuvulwa umzimba ufile, nakuba abahlala sangqa ikholoni nabancinane phantse efanayo okanye kuphela eyahlukileyo kancinci. Noko ke, le GI kukho umaleko ngokubanzi imicu izihlunu, kunye zomzimba nokuqina. Kodwa kunjalo, eli binzana 'obhityileyo "yaye" colon "akukho nokuhlelwa yokwakheka kwaye igqalwa engachanekanga.

Ubude umzimba idla 1 ukuya 1.6 m, umlinganiselo ubukhulu - malunga 6.5 cm, amanani ngqo lixhomekeke inxalenye ethile. Kulungile, xa sithetha isakhiwo Amathumbu amakhulu, neendonga zaso iqanjwa izihlunu serous kunye izihlunu nazo submucosa langoku, isifo ngokwayo, apho igcwele ngaphakathi lweHo- emzimbeni. Awunazo villi, kodwa kukho inani elikhulu crypts - misinga ye epithelium, igalelo reabsorption engcono.

Ukujikeleziswa ikholoni zinika mesenteric Umthambo ezisezantsi neziphezulu. Kuba luvo bafo le vagus kunye imithambo lialio. Yayikukuphuphuma igazi inikwa efaka mesenteric.

indawo

Amathumbu amakhulu, nto leyo komzimba encinane ngaphambili uqalisa emva yachazwa ngokubanzi umba bauginievoy, leyo okuphosela ileum kunye cecum. Esi sakhiwo akavumi intshukumo reverse chyme - ido- afunyenwe ngenxa kokudla.

emathunjini Further akunika wobomi nasekholo, Belting GI yangaphambili bese yehla kwakhona, okubangela empundwini. Ngenxa kwenzeka isitulo ngobungxamo, oko kukuthi, umzimba ubani ayeke iintsalela ezingafunekiyo ngaye. Noko ke, maxa wambi isikali wachacha ngokwahlukeneyo ngekhefu. Kulo mzekelo, iba yinxalenye zeSebe, ngokuba sigmoid.

imisebenzi

Ikholoni ayilo imizimba physiologically esebenzayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, injongo ephambili yale lomzimba cinga ukubunjwa endleni kanye nokulahla lomzimba wabo. Enyanisweni, oku umzimba imisebenzi ngokubanzi.

Okokuqala, nantsi kokuphela nezokukhupha izondlo ukutya. Yonke into elungileyo, ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukugaya phambi kokuba ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, kuphela kweli nyathelo ziza kufunyanwa nefayibha. Kwakhona ukusuka chyme owawanyayo phantse ngokupheleleyo iintsalela ngamanzi kunye neetyuwa.

Okwesibini, noboya amathumbu womntu - yinto yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamajoni omzimba. Apha ke ibekwe ikoloni iintsholongwane yolwazi eziindidi ngeendidi, ubukhulu becala anaerobic. Abanye babo yesisu, ngoxa abanye kuthintela ukusasazeka iintsholongwane, abanye ukuvelisa enzayim ezikhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Authority, kwakunye iivithamini K, E, B ₆ no B ₁₂ ezifunekayo kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngokufutshane, microflora yethumbu enkulu - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo njengomqobo zikhusela emzimbeni womntu. Kwaye unamandla ukuze nokuba ukumelana iiseli umhlaza ngamnye, ukuba bawaphanzisa.

Okwesithathu, ukuba isakhiwo ikholoni, ingakumbi umaleko kwezihlunu, iqinisekisa intshukumo njalo ukudla tapeworm. Kulo mzekelo, abantu nkqu sayilawula. Izinga motility idla rhoqo kwaye yandisa emva kokungena izabelo ezintsha yokutya esiswini. Ngoko ke, izihlunu colon banoxanduva lokugcina ukutya rate ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi rhoqo "ezisendleleni."

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba wokugaya ingaphatha phantse yonke into yokuba umntu usebenzisa nje ukutya, musa ungaveli ukuhenda zibe nto. Ukuphazamisa ezibilini lula, kodwa kubonakala kwangoko. Xa iimpawu kubonakala ukuba kahle, ukubuyisela intsalela kunokuba nzima kakhulu, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba unamathele ukutya okunempilo elinentabalala ifayibha, ekhuthaza ngokugqibeleleyo lokugaya.

AmaSebe colon: ngokutsha

Ngokwemveli bahlule iindawo eziphambili 3: iimfama, ikholoni kunye isikali. Ngamnye kubo une kwizintlu zemizi, zayo, nto leyo eyenza isakhiwo umzimba kunokuba nzima nangona phantse akukho mahluko functionality.

Ngoko ke, ukuba cecum nesihlomelo okufuphi. Ikholoni yahlulwe inyuka, ezinqamlezayo kunye ehla sigmoid. Okokugqibela, njengasekungcoleni ngqo bayiqaphela le ampoule kwaye umsele ezimpundu ukuya empundwini. Kwaye inxenye nganye awohluke yayo. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthetha malunga kwezahlulo colon ngakumbi. Yonke umdla ngendlela yabo.

cecum

Eli candelo ibekwe kwi iliac fossa ekunene kwaye ukhangele nemilinganiselo ingxowa phantse nokubuya oluziikhilomitha ezimalunga ne-6 x 7-7.5 cm. Kulapha ngomda asemathunjini ezincinane nezinkulu. Bona ezahlulwe sisithuba kuphela isivingco encinane.

Umsebenzi main ezenziwa kule nxalenye yolu Amathumbu amakhulu kukufakwa amanzi avela ukutya ozayo. Ngokubanzi, xa isakhiwo isebe akukho kwahluka kwabanye. Hi ndlela leyi, apha kulapho amathumbu asondele ingqamana Umthambo mesenteric kunathi. Yahlulwe yaba inani elikhulu amasebe, elijongene nayo kuba ligazi unikezelo ukuba inxalenye enkulu yaso.

appendix

Ukususela em- le cecum ngokusebenzisa sicatshulwa elimxinwa, unako ukungena umhlehlo walo, ibalulekile, nangona isebe yinxalenye. Sithetha isihlomelo, okanye isihlomelo. Ukuze ixesha elide kwakucingwa ukuba oku kuphela yintsalela, njengomntu - enye ezanyisayo embalwa, kunye nemivundla kunye neemfene, ngubani na le ndawo. Amalinge ziye zaqhutywa apho abantwana benza appendectomy, ukuba isuswe le umhlehlo, besebancinane. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi kubo kwakukho iingxaki ezinkulu kunye nezifo.

Namhlanje, kukholelwa ukuba isihlomelo - luhlobo kwifama lwegciwane kuyingenelo ukuba ikoloni emathunjini. Ngenxa isakhiwo awodwa apha akuthethi ngobuso ukutya. Ukongezelela, abantu kunye nokususwa isihlomelo kunzima kakhulu ukubuyisela microflora kunye nokuseka izibilini, ezifana emva kokuthatha antibiotics. Sekunjalo, lo gama yintsalela njengangaphambili ukuthatha imbonakalo walo wokudla, waba yinxalenye yinxalenye iphecana zesisu kwaye uye wabandakanyeka ukudla.

Ngelishwa, utyando ukuphelisa le nkqubo zenziwa kaninzi. Appendicitis ngokuqinileyo uhamba phambili phakathi imisebenzi zosulele yotyando. Kulo nyaka, esisigxina amatyala 4-5 nganye abantu 1000. Nge unyango kwangoko ukuba abantu abane kakuhle. Umngcipheko ukufa incinane kakhulu, kodwa ukwandisa, kwimeko perforation, kwaye phambi yeemeko ezifana ubudala nangaphezulu.

colon

Ngoko nangoko emva caecum into elandelayo ngokwahlukana, nto leyo yahlulwe 4. Eyokuqala kwezi - uplink - unyukela ecaleni kwicala lasekunene kwesibindi neliphela igophe nokuthantamisa. I-hlulo elandelayo - colon ezinqamlezayo. Njengoko igama layo lixela, kuba ubaleka sidlula peritoneum. Kwakhona evala begoba, labona inxenye kwehle unyenyisa ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi kwicala lasekhohlo. Sigmoid ikholoni (inxalenye yokugqibela yale candelo) ifumaneka kwi iliac fossa ekhohlo. Kufunyenwe igama layo libe S-imilo.

Kanye kwezinye iinxalenye ikholoni, le nxalenye ikakhulu linoxanduva ukufunxeka kwamanzi kunye electrolytes kwaye ukuyilwa ezinomthamo esiluqilima chyme. Emva ukuyilwa ngobuninzi obudaywe ngombala emnyama kunye nee-enzayim senyongo umzimba eziquka izinto ezingeyomfuneko exfoliated epithelial kunye t. D., Ingena ngakumbi.

ngqo

Le inxalenye yokugqibela emathunjini, umsebenzi engundoqo apho ukuqokelela izihlwele esiluqilima kwaye zinomgutyulo yabo ivela emzimbeni. Le ebekwe ngokupheleleyo em- zangasese kwaye iphela nge empundwini. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba defecation yinkqubo entsonkothileyo komzimba, nelawulwa yi-neuron, ngoxa abantwana besebancinane, ukuba nje ubuntu reflex.

Ngokwesiqhelo, isitulo yi malunga nesinye kwisithathu iyonke edliwayo. Ziyanda kwaye imali ingahluka ngokuxhomekeke iimpawu ekutyeni kunye nendlela yokuphila. Noko ke, ngokokuqhelekileyo ingabi nanto ezinqeni kwenzeka yonke imihla, yaye ngoko ke umntu olahla mass inkunkuma evela grams 200 ukuya 500.

yenze uphando

Enye izikhalazo zixhaphakileyo na ubudala ubuhlungu apha esiswini. Kaninzi kwenzeka kuphela ekwandiseni koxinzelelo ngaphakathi emathunjini, umz, ngenxa beqokelela igesi okanye nje aqaqambayo. Noko ke, umzimba ufuna ingqalelo ngenyameko ngokwalo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba xa rhanelwa ukungasebenzi kufuneka ujonge oogqirha, ingakumbi xa iingxaki zenzeka rhoqo ngokwaneleyo.

Indima ebalulekileyo lokufunyaniswa imbali yezonyango nemidlalo. Ugqirha angacela malunga lizwe kunye neempawu iintlungu, isitulo rhoqo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, yokudla.

Indlela yesibini yophando - Ngokucofa. Ugqirha Uphanda amalungu eludongeni esiswini, ukulungisa izikhalazo yesigulane, ukunikela ingqalelo kwempixano kwezihlunu njalo njalo. D. Inceda ukufaka kuqala izilonda ezibuhlungu.

Kwakhona kusoloko kusetyenziswa isifundo ngomonde izihlwele gciwane. Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa umchiza, olukhulu kunye yokungcoliswa, kunye nokwakheka yebhaktiriya unganikeza ukuqonda iinkqubo ezininzi kwenzeka ikholoni. Ngokomzekelo, ekubeni unesifo ingxaki kunye microflora.

Ukuhlola umsebenzi sokufunxa nga kusetyenziswa izifundo radiographic usebenzisa agents umahluko.

Ekugqibeleni, naye wasebenzisa colonoscopy ukuba ufuna ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo ntoni ethunjini. Kwesi sifundo, i-probe lifakwa ikhamera kunye isibane ekupheleni. Ngoncedo izigqibo kagqirha kwi kwimboniselo monitor ebonisa lweHo- ngaphakathi emathunjini, kwaye kufunyanwa, umzekelo, nangezilonda. onke amasebe ikholoni nga kuhlolwa ngale ndlela.

isifo

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki amathumbu sithetha ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo. Utyatyazo, ukuqhina, flatulence - kaninzi unobangela la angazithandiyo iimpazamo ekutyeni. Le fom ibonakalaliswe ukunganyamezelani ukuya lactose, gluten kunye nezinye izinto. Iintsholongwane imithana kwakhona ukuphazamisa intlungu esitulweni okanye ukuqhubela ihlupha komzimba. Oku akuthethi-medicate kwaye uthathe amayeza zipapashwe ngaphandle kokudibana nogqirha wakho, ingakumbi xa ukunyhashwa emathunjini zenzeka rhoqo. Oku andzise kuphela le ngxaki.

ngokwaneleyo kunokuba yingozi, yaye ukudumba kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye emathunjini. Ukuba washiya lunganyangwa, lo isifo igutyungelwe izilonda, kwaye ngoko ke iinkqubo ukubola aqale. Nokuba yingozi nangakumbi ukuvela kwingxelo kwi sayo emathunjini. Kusenokuba umhlaza okanye hemorrhoids, kodwa bobabini kufuna ingqalelo zonyango ngokwayo. Ngethamsanqa, imfundo phantse lonke ibekwe kwicandelo lokugqibela, leyo lula ukufikelela kunye uxilongo. Ke kaloku, njengokuba oogqirha ukukholwa, phantse lonke wamathumbu izifo, kwakunye kuyo iphecana zesisu, zibangelwa imikhuba yokudla kunye nendlela yokuphila. Ngethamsanqa, iyeza yanamhlanje ayikwazi ukuba nako ukumphilisa ngokupheleleyo umntu, ubuninzi lula imeko yakhe kunye nokugcina umgangatho wobomi ukuphazamiseka encinci.

Hlala uphilile!