Dzheyms Kuk abeyifumene, sidliwe inzalelwane

Igama Umlawuli liyazingca lwendawo kuluhlu lwe maphayona enkulu. Kanye njengokuba Hristofor Kolumb, Frensis Dreyk, uFerdinand Magellan kunye nabanye abaninzi, walitshintsha imephu yehlabathi, ukongeza eliyiqapheleyo kunye ezifunyaniswe. Ngezinto zakhe ukuba wonke umfundi, kwakunye ngokufa kwakhe kabuhlungu.

Dzheyms Kuk abeyifumene yaye ngubani na ke? Lo mbuzo umdla nje kuphela abafundi, kodwa abadala abayithanda isibindi nenkalipho babantu ngaphambili. Kwazalelwa umhambi Scottish kwintsapho elula-Oktobha 27, 1728. Nguye lo mntwana yesihlanu, kwiminyaka emihlanu kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ize emva koko wasebenza umlimi wendawo. 1746 yaba kukutshintsha kubomi uYakobi: wathabatha inqanawa wamalahle njengoko ikhabhathi boy.

Phambi kokuba uxelele ukuba Dzheyms Kuk wafumanisa, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba lo mfana kwinkonzo wadibana abantu mkhulu. Uilyam Blay (eyaziwa ngokuba umthetheli edume of "Bounty" nqanawa), Georg Forster, Dzhozef Banks waphefumlela ukuba bafunde amanzi akumazantsi i-Pacific, Atlantic namaLwandlekazi Indian. Phambi kokuba umbutho zobuntlola ezintathu uye phantsi kwimbali njengoko discoverer ka-Australia, ngokukhuthala uYakobi wafunda oomatiloshe, ukuma, imathematika navigation. matiloshe wabona abazalwana abakhutheleyo shipowners Walker, ngubani wamthembisa ukuba akhokele omnye umkhumbi wabo. Noko ke, Cook wala iyaqhubeka kukhonza kwi British Navy.

Dzheyms Kuk - esasihamba, ilungu War kweminyaka esixhenxe leyo, nto leyo ebonisa ubuchule ezimangalisayo. isaziso sakhe Admiralty, kwaye sahlulele uphuhliso ngakumbi umsebenzi wakhe. Ngowe-1768, yena uyiphathise inqanawa "Endeavour", apho ke enqanaweni phezu ngohambo lwakhe lokuqala.

Dzheyms Kuk abeyifumene kumazantsi eli hlabathi; kungummangaliso kwaye kwikona unexplored? Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba pundits belo xesha babekholelwa ukuba kufanele ukuba kubekho enye izwekazi. Ukujonga yena waya kumthetheli odumileyo. Ukongezelela Australia, yafunyanwa nguye Aprili 29, 1770, yena alicanda iziqithi ezininzi ngakumbi, Great emanzini. Cook ngokucokisekileyo walukhenketha unxweme kwelizwekazi wasezantsi, wanika amagama zokupaka nemifula, waphawula kwingxelo kwendawo elimiweyo. Ngesandla sakhe ukukhanya ngoko sixeko sikhulu kwizibuko Australia Sydney yasekwa.

Sinokutsho ukuba Dzheyms Kuk wafumanisa nje nomhlaba omtsha kunye sexesha elitsha kwamathanga. Hayi kuphela zejografi baqeshwa, zebhayoloji baye bafumanisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana hayi ngaphambili eziqhutywa inzululwazi. UK zazaliswa nomhlaba omtsha, apho wakhawuleza resettle eziyingozi. Romance indulumbane ukuvula ilizwekazi, enethemba ukufumana ubuncwane ezininzi, kokubini eMelika ukufumana ikhaya elitsha.

Dzheyms Kuk, ukuvulwa apho ayikwazi babebiza imali, wafa ngexesha ngohambo lwakhe lwesithathu ukusuka bendawo ezandleni. Ngexesha phezulu bendawo kwi intloko yomphathi ilitye elinzima. Iqela Kwanyanzeleka ukuba abhenele emkhombeni, ewushiya umzimba ka Umlawuli omkhulu elunxwemeni. kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, inzalelwane wathumela amathambo akhe ngqwayi, ngubani ngembeko enkulu waphoswa elwandle.