Dmitri Mendeleev: izibakala umdla nobomi Scientist Russian

Umthetho periodic of imichiza - ubhaqo ebalulekileyo, apho ayizanga imbali Dmitri Mendeleev. olunika umdla nobomi zezenzululwazi ukuvumela ukuba afunde banzi ngale mntu umangalisayo, ukungena iimfihlelo yayo. Yintoni eyaziwayo ngaye ngaphandle koko esikhulu negalelo athe walenza kuphuhliso nenzululwazi?

Mendeleev: anika umdla

usomachiza Great wazalelwa Tobolsk, kwathi ngoFebruwari 1834. Kakade ke, umdla omkhulu yintoni le ntsapho wazalelwa nguDmitry Mendeleev. olunika umdla nobomi umntu odumileyo kwinzululwazi lucebisa ukuba uvela kusapho omkhulu, waye umntwana elinesixhenxe ngabazali bakhe. Ngelishwa, abantwana abasibhozo wafa eneminyaka malunga omnye ngonyaka, kodwa abanye yasinda.

NguDmitry okumenza ixesha lokubhiyozela wokuzalwa weshumi, xa intsapho ezilahlekileyo umondli yayo. Uyise, owayesebenza njengoko Umlawuli Tobolsk zokuthamba, wafa ugula kakhulu. unina Mendeleev kwafuneka asebenze nzima ukuze ukukhulisa abantwana ngeenyawo. Yaba yena abayinyamekelayo ukuba sisazinzulu enkulu ezayo yaba umfundi Main zokufundisa Institute, leyo uqambe Saint Petersburg State University kamva.

Ukusuka bayivume - a kuma

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ngoxa ukufunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo akukho Wasolula ukuba ulwazi Dmitri Mendeleev. olunika umdla nobomi zezenzululwazi, kwaye zibandakanya ulwazi malunga kumabanga yakhe yesikolo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba inzima yena umthetho kaThixo, nesiLatini, akazange kubangela umdla kakhulu kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi.

Kwakhona walondoloza ulwazi Mendeleev ababenengxaki zokufunda ngexesha xa umfundi enguNdoqo zokufundisa Institute. Yinto kwaziwa ukuba sisazinzulu kanye brilliant phakathi baphinda njengoko amanqaku enganelisiyo efunyenwe kwizifundo ezininzi. Ngoko ke waba sezibalo kakhulu kuphela. Ngokuthe ngcembe, Noko ke, waba ukunxanelwa ulwazi, yena inxaxheba kwisifundo, inqanaba iba ngcono kwaye ngcono, kangangokuba imbasa ngegolide ithe yanikezelwa kuye ukukhululwa.

umfundisi yokudelela

sesayensi obalaseleyo nje kuphela, kodwa utitshala omhle Dmitri Mendeleev. olunika umdla nobomi le ngqondi bathi ukuba belikhona ithuba lokufundisa kwizikolo ezininzi eziphakamileyo. Malunga 30 neminyaka baye banikwa ekhemesti asebenza Imperial St. Petersburg University, ikhefu naye wenza ungquzulwano elibi.

Uhlobo izikhanyiso inzululwazi kwakunzima ngokwaneleyo, ukuba ukholelwa memoirs bexesha. Akumangalisi ke, kwafuneka ukuba barhoxe ukusuka eyunivesithi ngo-1890. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba oku kwenzeka ngenxa axabene kuMphathiswa weMfundo. UMphathiswa Delianov babengavumelani ukunikela ingqalelo lwezikhalazo abafundi ', yintoni na kuthwala Mendeleev abanekratshi.

"Umsunguli" yevodka

Izazinzulu ezininzi udumo ukufunyanwa ababengazange ababenzayo. Wakwazi ukuthintela kule ngxaki kunye Mendeleev Dmitriy Ivanovich, facts umdla lobomi zinikwe kweli nqaku. Kwakukho ngokubanzi intsomi ukuba lo Scientist amanqugwala ke Umsunguli yevodka.

Enyanisweni, lo ivodka wadalwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba sisazinzulu qwa thaca ithisisi yakhe zobugqirha, nto leyo osihloko sithi "Intetho kuqhagamshelo kwamanzi kunye notywala." Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ayenzi lingaqulathi izikhombisi kwi iziselo ezinxilisayo. Kule phepha sicinga iipropati ukuba umxube wamanzi kunye notywala. Nevodka njengoko abemi Russia wadibana ngowe-1843, xa "umqambi" yayo izityholo lalingekafiki elishumi ubudala. Ngenxa yoko, akukho Mendeleev asikwazanga.

iphupha zixoxa

Ngaba umntu onesiphiwo ephupha yitafile wamenza odumileyo? namaphupha yaye andizange ndambona Mendeleev Dmitriy Ivanovich, izibakala umdla nobomi apho ziqokelelwe kweli nqaku. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba sisazinzulu ndacaphuka xa yeva tinsimu ukuba lwezakhi eziqalelo ephupha. Wathi yena ukusebenza kuphuhliso wayo iminyaka phantse amabini, hayi waphupha, ke ngoko, iingxelo ezinjalo kulwenza umsebenzi wakhe.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba umthetho ngamaxesha yafunyanwa ngama nguDmitry ngoFebruwari 1869. Kwathi xa ekhemesti waziwayo behamba uhambo ishishini. Kungelo xesha kwasa kum ukuba phakathi iipropati imichiza nobunzima kukho unxulumano. uhambo olucwangcisiweyo kwafuneka elinye, njengoko Mendeleev waya kusebenza kunye intloko yakhe.

umdlalo okungaqhelekanga

Ziziphi ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla nobomi Mendeleev? Ngokufutshane, yaye sifanele ebalisa into esizonwabisa ngayo esiyithanda emangalisayo, nto leyo iminyaka emininzi bachitha ixesha elininzi, ekhemesti okuqaqambileyo. NguDmitry inkanuko, namhlanje yaziwa kancinane, kwaba eyimveliso yemithwalo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, eMoscow ne St Petersburg, wakwazi ukufumana igama njengoko iimpahla inkosi ubalaseleyo Affairs.

Kakade ke, Inoyolo abarhwebi ukuba ndizuze a iingxowa Scientist, abanekratshi ukuba iimveliso nathengwa kufuphi isikhanyiso yenzululwazi. Noko ke, hayi kuphela uzuko, esele ewuthanda nguDmitry, kwanyanzeleka ukuba babuyele kuye. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba izinto ngenene baba umgangatho ophezulu ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye ixesha elide. amandla abo bawabulala ke kwaqinisekisa kunye nomxube ekhethekileyo iglu, apho wayeka ubungqondi emva kokuba uphando enye indalo glue iresiphi. Ngelishwa, iresiphi ezaqanjwa Mendeleev, kwaye iye yaqhubeka imfihlelo izizukulwana ezizayo, kuba akazange afune ukuyenza yoluntu.

Siyazi ukuba Isazinzulu banezakhono iziyolo wayenza kwincwadi abotshelelweyo, yaye wakuthanda odibanisa kwisakhelo, ilungiselelwe eni. Izinto endizithandayo wamnceda nelokuphumla bathathe ikhefu emsebenzini.

Le ndondo, ekube

engaqhelekanga kakhulu ukuba le-Nobel Prize khange akwazi ukuba abe di Mendeleev, izibakala umdla yobomi nto ikwaveza kuthi. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba yasekhemesti omkhulu, wayengomnye abatyunjwa ezintathu. Noko ke, ngendlela efihlakeleyo yebhalothi; leyo lwaqhutywa yi ngamalungu Imperial Academy of Sciences, candidacy lakhe rhoqo ukutshona, Scientist abatyunjiweyo kuphela ngolwasemzini.

Biographers ukuhlola umsebenzi lo yasekhemesti odumileyo, bathi eli ukungaqondi kunye oliqhophololo zeentshaba, kwakunye waxakwa ukukholisa kubaphathi zakhe igunya.

Flying on ibhaloni

Ziziphi ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nobomi kunye nomsebenzi Mendeleyev? Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba sisazinzulu qwa babesebenza uyilo moya iminyaka emininzi. Wemithi ebikunqwenela ngaloo ukuhlola ukufuma, uxinzelelo kunye namaqondo nomphezulu esesibhakabhakeni. Iprojekthi ngebhaluni stratospheric, umthamo wakhe baba 3600 cubic metres, kwadalwa UDimitri ngo-1875. Kwakhona umbhali ingcamango ibhaloni elawulwa injini.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo izazinzulu ukuphuhlisa kuphela iiprojekthi kodwa tsakela ukubhabha iibhaluni, ngaphandle ndicinga ngengozi ebomini bakhe. Kuba okokuqala oku kwenzeka ngo-1878, kwakunjalo ngoko ukuba Mendeleev wathabatha emoyeni ngebhaluni yomoya Anri Zhiffara. Lo moya entsha, wenza iminyaka elithoba kamva kwisixeko Klina. Noko ke, kule adventure yemichiza kakhulu kakhulu wagqiba ngo-1887, xa uwedwa laya kuma 'Russian "ibhaloni umoya oshushu emoyeni. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ukuphakama ukubhabha ibhola xa ezimawaka mathathu kweemitha.

Ngokubanzi, adventure eziyingozi wathabatha malunga neeyure ezintathu, nto leyo ngokwaneleyo ukuya nguDmitry babubone komnyama iyonke solar, yaye zibhalwe ingcinezelo kunye neqondo lobushushu.

Scientist-hlola kunye msi powder

Yintoni enye kufuneka ukuba abafundi abathatha biography of Mendeleev, izibakala umdla kubomi yasekhemesti brilliant, ogama lakhe ngonaphakade eyayikrolwe kwimbali yenzululwazi? Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba nguDmitry kwafuneka ithuba ukuzama phezu indima mveliso, nikhangele. Kwathi ngo-1890 xa abasemagunyeni ubuyeleyo sesayensi uncedo. Urhulumente waba nomdla iresiphi indalo ifihlwe ngenyameko powder msi, endiwazuze kakhulu ukuze babe nalo.

Mendeleev waqala ukwenza umsebenzi ezifunyenweyo, apho kwakufuneka iingxelo iziporo kumazwe angaphandle (France, Jamani, Britain). usomachiza onesiphiwo kwaba nzima ukuba ukusombulula intsinda-badala iresiphi of wompu, ngoko ke wenza ukuba eRashiya. lula kakhulu ukuba abantu abasuka uzifihle ngenyameko ulwazi nguDmitry ezifunyenwe iingxelo, leyo zikhululekile ukubakhona.

Yombhobho ukuba afakwe i-oyile

Kakade ke, lo luhlu lungentla lee zonke iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Mendeleev - umenzi aneziphiwo le lwezakhi. Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba yasekhemesti Ungumbhali thiyori ezingaphiliyo ngemvelaphi ioli. NguDmitry yasungulwa icebo neyanamhlanje yayo iqhezu. Le Isazinzulu waba ngumntu wokuqala lowo, weyiseka ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukutshisa namafutha wakwaMowabhi.

Ngawo umsebenzi abanini Mendeleev of kwiinkampani ze-oyile baye bafunda ukuba ukuthutha lweetanki yeoli iya kusetyenziswa endaweni iintsuba, njengoko eqhelekileyo. La manani ezinamandla nguDmitry kunokwenzeka ukuze angqine ecacileyo zothutho inzuzo enkulu ioli. Kwakhona, kucetyiswa ukuba ukwakha izityalo ukuqhubekekisa apho, apho ezi iindawo zokusela iimveliso zepetroliyam.

element Chemical ogama emva kwakhe

10 zibakala umdla nobomi Mendeleyev ingafumaneka ngasentla. Noko ke, musani uluhlu kuya epheleleyo imshiye mendelevium. isiqalelo Chemical kule lwezakhi libekwe ku No. 101, wafumana igama layo ukuze kuzukiswe uMdali walo, lowo kufanele waphumelela Luzuko olo. Mendelevium yena zamntu ngo-1955.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba nkqu kuphuhliso lwenkqubo zawo ngamaxesha of Science sele yabelwe le zingabinanto iiseli aye agcinwe kubo ngenxa izinto abazange bunako zizazinzulu. Kamva, le iipropati yemichiza ebonakalayo kwezi zinto babezimisele kusetyenziswa periodicity itafile.

Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi

Ukuba ingcamango iziganeko ezenzeka kubomi zezenzululwazi, unako ukuqonda ngcono uhlobo lomntu yintoni Dmitri Mendeleev. izibakala umdla, ngokufutshane apha kweli nqaku, qiniseka ukuba ukukunceda uqonde le nto. Unako ukongeza ngakumbi kwaye ukuba umzobo nzulu esidumileyo yabhalwa amagcisa ezininzi aneziphiwo. Umzekelo, umfanekiso wakhe eyayikrolwe ngelaphu misebenzi iikulya Repin.

Okunye okunika umdla kukuba womzobo awayezithanda ngokwakhe Mendeleev, kodwa bakhetha ukugxeka umfanekiso yomnye umntu, kodwa musa ukubhala ezabo. Kwakhona, ezinye ixesha free, isazinzulu abanetalente ezinikeleyo izifundo zomculo, ingakumbi umsebenzi wakhe endandimthanda bukaBeethoven, Noko ke, ababenaye kunye nezinye Abaqambi ozithandayo.