College US electors umongameli

Ilizwe kakhulu lwentando yesininzi kwihlabathi (i-USA) uye wadala inkqubo engaqhelekanga kakhulu yonyulo. Izahlule kwezinye College yoNyulo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yomhlaba ayisekho inkokeli inkqubo yonyulo, oluqhutywa ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Xa sikhumbula ukuba eUnited States, enyanisweni, unguye Union, i-Electoral College - lo mkhuba avumelana kwaye liqinisekile. Makhe zama ukuqonda yonke into ngokweenkcukacha.

Kwimvelaphi yezembali nokudalwa College yoNyulo

Siye silibale into yokuba i-US - ezitshatileyo uthi, ngamnye oko kukuthi, enyanisweni, urhulumente eyahlukileyo. Baye imithetho yabo, maxa wambi eyahlukileyo kakhulu enye kwenye. Xa umsebenzi kwi -siseko US, ukungavisisani okukhulu ukuba inkqubo yokukhethwa umongameli wombutho. Abanye babecinga ukuba ifanele imiselwe lovoto ngqo jikelele, kunye nabaxhasi ukuphikisana ukuba ukuhlangabezana nalo mba kwixesha Congress. Abenzi bemeko-siseko ka-1878, wafumana ifomula ukusilela. Bona ukudaleka umzimba ekhethekileyo yaphakanyiswa, ngokuba oko "kwikholeji lonyulo." likarhulumente ngalinye befumene ithuba lokuba nefuthe unyulo lukaMongameli. Isibakala sokuba eUnited States zibandakanya ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu kunye sabantu, "amazwe". Xa ivoti ngqo iba luncedo ecacileyo kwabo ithi ukuba ekhaya kubemi abaninzi. Gqa iindawo ezinabantu, jikelele, kule meko aluchaphazeli ukhetho zentloko karhulumente. Kwaye oku njengento engafanelekanga. Oko kukuthi, i-College Electoral yenzelwe alinganayo amathuba kwabemi ngamnye amazwe ukuba aviwe. Ke kaloku ngokoluvo wonke ummi kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kumiselwa nguMongameli US.

Ngoobani aba electors?

Kuba uMongameli zityumbe abaviwa amaqela amabini ezinkulu. Nganye ngamagosa karhulumente kwemibutho yezopolitiko zenza uluhlu lwabantu abaya kumela imfundo uluntu vo jikelele. Le electors Kukhethwa amanani zoluntu, abantu abadumileyo kunye noosomashishini. Amaninzi iqela ziquka kuludwe yayo abo basondele zomviwa. Ngelo xesha okuthandwayo, kukho uludwe ezimbini electors. Amalungelo evela kurhulumente baya kufumana emva kokuba kufunyenwe imvume uRhuluneli kuluhlu. Eli gosa liya atyikitye Isiphakamiso iqela umviwa lowo uphumelele okuthandwayo. Ukuba basuka phambili i umgqatswa ezimeleyo ukuba ngumongameli, uluhlu senziwa ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho karhulumente. Hi ndlela leyi, izithintelo phezu abaviwa electors ekhethekileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba yokundwendwela ommi US, ukuthembeka iqela elinye okanye elinye.

Umelo ithi kwi ibhodi

Inani electors bevela nasekupheleni waseUnited States ukumelwa ngokulinganayo kaKhongolose. Oku, uzimisele ngokomlinganiselo inani labantu abahlala zikarhulumente. Umzekelo, California yeyona ndawo kakhulu ezinabantu. Ukususela ukuba le ibhodi kuquka abantu amahlanu anesihlanu, kangangoko ukuba angene Congress. Ngenxa yoko, i-US party-ezimbini ipalamente. Xa iNdlu yeeNgwevu, urhulumente ngalinye ngu neendawo ezimbini kunye neNdlu yaBameli ukusuka California kaThixo-amathathu amahlanu. Inani iindwendwe ezivela kurhulumente kule nxalenye Congress uzimisele ngokomlinganiselo kubemi. Ngoko ke, lo kwikholeji lonyulo - umzimba okhethekileyo wamisa ukumisela ngumongameli US kwikota elandelayo. Abantu ifakiwe kumafa yayo, imini enye kuphela ukusebenza. umsebenzi wabo akuhlawulwa ngokusemthethweni. Party umisela ukukhuthaza indlela abameli babo.

YoNyulo College US ngumongameli: imithetho

Ngexesha States okuvota yoluntu amisele angangumvotelwa ofisi iphakamileyo elizweni. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni waphumelela eli nqanaba umntu asibonakali ngumongameli. Ngokomzekelo, kwathi xa walwa Hillary Clinton, uDonald Trump. I-College yoNyulo inokuyinqamla kuvotwe abantu yoko, kwakuthiwa. Abaxhasi yemigudu Democratic kwenziwa kule ubunzima. Isibakala sokuba lo mthetho wokuba electors ukwenza intando yabantu, ayikho. Befumana igunya kurhulumente, ivoti ethile, kodwa unako ukubonisa naluphi na uluvo. izibonelo ezinjalo kwimbali ilizwe, nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zonyulo aziphazamiseki. Abantu ukungavoti ibhodi ichasene nabantu, ebizwa ngokuba "electors ayinabulungisa. ' Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2000, ummeli District of Columbia wadlula iphepha elingenanto, kodwa kunyanzelekile ukuba kungena kuwo Al Gore. Onke amazwe, ngaphandle Maine kunye Nebraska, seevoti zonke electors anikiweyo zomviwa lowo esiphumeleleyo. La maziko indawo Babahlula ngokomlinganiselo kwiziphumo intando yabantu.

US Electoral College: inkqubo yokuvota

Umzimba kanye wentlanganiso lubanjwe ngomhla wamashumi amane ananye emva kokuba ngoMvulo yokuqala ngoNovemba, xa ligcinwe okuthandwayo. I-College yoNyulo akayi kunye. karhulumente ngamnye Ihlela kuvotwa abameli babo ngokwahlukeneyo. Ezi ziphumo ngoko nangoko esidlangalaleni. College of Electors uvoto efihlakeleyo yebhalothi. Ilungu ngalinye lomzimba ummeli uya kunyanzeleka ukuba bazalise amaphepha amabini ovoto, ayadibana amagama abaviwa ukuba umongameli vice mongameli. Ukuze uphumelele uninzi elula, ngoku ke kufuneka ezingaphezulu kwama 270. Ngexesha ivoti elandelwa lonke eli lizwe. Ngokomzekelo, xa iBhodi yoNyulo US (2016) babesebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu. Kubameli States ibonelela xi abemi abaqhelekileyo, abangavumiyo ukwamkela uloyiso uDonald Trump. Bambiza, wathumela iileta ezisongelayo. Noko ke, le "ubuqhophololo lonyulo" waba ngaphezu Hillary Clinton, ukuba uluntu yamangala. Phambi kokuba intlanganiso ibhodi izibakala kuxinzelelo amalungu alo kwelinye icala (Trump fans) ziye ingxelo.

Isohlwayo ngokungathembeki

Electors uya kumisela aba abasebenzi phambi kwakhe, yaye aba bantu uxanduva. Ke kaloku, ulawulo lwenziwa kwangoko emva kokuba kuvotwe. Thatha le okuvota ukubala size sibone indlela asebenza ngayo abameli abakhethiweyo abantu. Ngowe-28 kunye District of Columbia, yamkela umthetho phantsi apho ubuqhophololo lonyulo wahlawuliswa isixa etyeni elingana eliwaka eerandi. Kwezinye iindawo US Akukho izohlwayo ezinokunikezelwa. Hi ndlela leyi, izibakala isicelo kwale mithetho kwakhona ayikalungiswa. Enyanisweni, lo electors kufuneka ithuba lokuba bavote wedwa, kungekho kokubanga nto.

Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga

Abawisi-mthetho kufuneka siqwalasele imeko apho ibhodi ayikwazi ukwazi ukuba ngumongameli. Oku kwenzeka xa abafundi benikwa inani elilinganayo leevoti. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1800. Ngokuba isihlalo inkokeli amandla kuliwa Thomas Jefferson noAron Burr. Xa i US lokuvotela umongameli lokugqibela, zekholeji lonyulo yahlukana kanye phakathi, akukho yabaviwa ufumana uninzi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umba idluliselwe kwi-House of Representatives. Le umzimba ugqiba ukuba ukuvota, lowo ukunika umongameli kwiminyaka emine ezayo. The House of Representatives wathabatha inxaxheba nakunyulo kamongameli kunye lizwe ngo-1824. Kuba kwisitulo walwa abagqatswa ezine. Akukho namnye alizange liphumelele isininzi College yoNyulo. Kwanyanzeleka ukuba asebenze kwiNdlu yaBameli. Waba umongameli Dzhon Kuinsi Adams. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ngokutsho iziphumo intando yabantu, yaba ngaphantsi kwe leevoti zizonke.

ukugxekwa kwenkqubo

I-US iye ngazo ukuqaliswa ngqo ukhetho. Le ngxoxo soku ngaphambili ingqalelo a sisiganeko ezimbalini elibonisa kokusesikweni le nkqubo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1876 i ivoti zekholeji lonyulo eUnited States kukhokelele unyulo Rutherford Hayes. Noko ke, imbangi yakhe ngexesha intando yabantu iphumelele iivoti ezininzi. Kubonakala, ngokoluvo abemi akazange ithathelwe ingqalelo xa Inqanaba lesibini konyulo. Ityala yesibini yenzekile ngexesha lethu. Njengoko American eendaba bathi Hillary Clinton ngo-2016 ixhaswa ngaphezulu kwezigidi eziliqela njengotshaba yalo Republican. Kodwa ke umongameli cadence elandelayo ekhethiweyo uDonald Trump. yinkqubo enezigaba ezibini of kunokuba Uya wagxeka eluntwini. Kuba Melika, kubalulekile ukuba wonke ummi naluvayo, kwaye College yoNyulo Akalinyusi ukulingana amalungelo ithi '. Ngoko ke, iindawo gqa abalulekile ngaphezu agglomerations enkulu ezidolophini, njengoko kufuneka kubekho umelo. Ukongeza, abaviwa kufuneka balungise iphulo yabo phantsi kwale nkqubo. Bona kwanyanzeleka ukuba basebenze nzima kwi 'enyuka "ithi, ekubeni kukho ithuba ukufumana ngamavoti ngaphezulu kumaqumrhu indawo leyo ngokwesiqhelo ukuxhasa naliphi iqela elinye.

le ntlekele

I-US yokhetho lokugqibela kwabonisa ukuba uluntu yelizwe; liyacandeka. Abaviwa eziphambili Alwa silwa esingenalusini nxamnye siseko ayifani ngokupheleleyo. Trump inkxaso labantu ihambelana kumaxabiso zemveli, kuba Clinton uvotela abemi zobunene-nye. Le peculiarity yeli phulo kwakhona ndingungantweni le-Elite Republican ukuxhasa umgqatswa zabo. inkqubo-party ezimbini iye yabonisa le ntlekele. Guide Democrats kwaye Republican baye benza umgudu Clinton, kodwa walahlekelwa ebantwini. Loo nto inika umdla uluntu American kubonakale umdla kwezopolitiko, ithathe inxaxheba kweli phulo lokugqibela akumenzi ngokuqhelekileyo. Kunye neminqweno kungekudala ngakumbi umoya, ngoko mkhulu umsantsa phakathi abaviwa. imbono Political bathi kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubunzima kwenkqubo, nendlela impela - Ndiza sibona. ithamsanqa!