Chemical element Francium: iimpawu kunye nembali nokufumanisa

Chemical element francium (Fr 87) - enye i Periodic izinto Mendeleyev. Ngo-1925, wayengomnye izinto ezine unfound. Olu noluhlala esebenzayo metal kwealkali ukho kwindalo, kwaye fastest nesiqingatha ubomi imichiza ezikhoyo. Oku uzinzo eliphantsi yenyukliya evumayo yokuba ixesha elide, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba French Open, ubukho elinyana kwaxelwayo Mendeleev phantse nenkulungwane ngaphambi kokuba sifunyenwe.

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa into ngemichiza France

Yena Okungokunye elehla phezu kwabantu umfazi, ogama lakhe Marguerite Perret. Ukufunwa osisiqu esekelwe kwinkqubo Mendeleev. izinto Ngokusekelwe elingummelwane № 87, yeengcinga ezahlukeneyo wabeka phambili malunga neempawu metal:

• ngenxa yokuba atom coterminous linyibilike bushushu, bekucingelwa ukuba th 87 Ingxenye kwakhona kunyibilika kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi;
• kwakucingwa ukuba kuya kusebenza iintsimbi ulwelo ezifana atom okanye mercury;
• Sibeka phambili Cingela ubuthi yayo.

Ekupheleni kuka-1938, sifuna into ujoyine Marguerite Pere. Sijolise ingqalelo yayo amasuntswana alpha ophuma actinium. Kuyinto icocwe kakuhle ukusuka ubuncwane ubumdaka ezahlukeneyo, eshiya into ecocekileyo kuphela. Emva imithi ebanzi wahlala ezandleni utywala unina yenzululwazi equlathe ityuwa kwealkali. Oku kubonisa ukuba akukho radioactive, kodwa emva komphunga kakuhle waba umsebenzi beta ebonakalayo kunye nesiqingatha-ubomi imizuzu 22. Umfazi Kuye kwacaca ukuba izinga enjalo luxhomekeke ngqo kwi intshukumo isimaphambili se njengento kwealkali.

ukusebenza oluqhubekayo nguMargarita yaba yimpumelelo kuphela ekwindla ka-1939. Ngokusekelwe nokuhlelwa ezikhoyo, lo mfazi wamnika element 87-th igama "Actinium-K", apho kamva ngokutsha eFransi ukukhumbula indawo apho wazalwa. International Union of lona oluhlambulukileyo, Applied Chemistry bamkela igama livele Marguerite Perret. Ekubeni kuvulwa France.

element Chemical Fr: uphawu

Oku sisinyithi noluhlala esebenzayo kwealkali ukuba ukho kwindalo, yaye yenye fastest isiqingatha-ubomi imichiza ezikhoyo. Ixesha elide-baphila ngayo izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo zayo ingafumaneka kwizimbiwa uranium. Ngoko ke, i element francium imichiza kakubi gqitha kakuhle, ekubeni abole ngokukhawuleza. Ingakumbi isiphathele yemisebe eliphezulu kakhulu. Ukanti imali encinane element ziye uphando, wafumana le mihlaba ilandelayo:

• isiqingatha ubomi le Isotope ixesha elide lemizuzu 22;
• ubushushu ukunyibilika - 27 degrees;
• mninzi bushushu ka-1,87 g / m ^3.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga France

Le yinkalo lokugqibela amachiza yafunyanwa kwindalo. Lingcwaba lomfo kakhulu ezinqabileyo, kuba iyahlozinga kakhulu acazulule ngokukhawuleza. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, lo francium element yemichiza ekhoyo ehlabathini nje mali ka-30 grams. It ekunokuthiwa zesinyithi elulwelo, kodwa yinto ulwelo ixesha elifutshane. Emva kwemizuzwana embalwa francium iqhekeka zibe ezizi- nzile, xa Radium ethile ifunyenwe.

isicelo France

Kodwa ke, nangona hexa eziphakamileyo, lwesi sakhi imichiza inenzuzo. Lusetyenziswa, nangona ngokubanzi. Okokuqala, kukho element francium yemichiza luncedo lokufumana izinto actinium yendalo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yemifuniselo kunye yeempuku elebhu, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba oluhlala kuzo yamathumba yingozi, leyo kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso. Ngoko ke, oko kusetyenziswa ekuqaleni nee- noxilongo. Kodwa ke ukufunda lwesi sakhi kuyaqhubeka. UFrances Scientist utyhila ngaphezu iimfihlakalo yayo.