Callsigns impukane: kutheni kufuneka kwaye yintoni na

Kutheni ubize uphawu Special? Ceba kubo? Le mibuzo neminye emininzi siza kuphendula kweli nqaku. Tsalela uphawu (PCP, ukuchongwa uphawu umnxeba) kunomathotholo umnxeba identifier ichonge samaza erediyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uluhlu lwamanani, iileta, ibinzana zomculo okanye igama olunentsingiselo, wathumela ekuqaleni kweseshoni kunye nonxibelelwano eziyimfuneko sokuchonga kwisikhululo sikanomathotholo liqumrhu siwamkelayo umyalezo.

UJ yayanyaniswa nenkokheli karhulumente uqhagamshelwano samaza leyo imfaneleyo. Callsigns ke amagama (amagama) yezikhululo koonomathotholo radio - nxaxheba ezithile ezingxoxweni.

Iimpawu call empini

Ngaba wakha wambona itafile lamagosa umnxeba? Olu xwebhu reference equlathe uluhlu lwamaziko zonxibelelwano, izitishi impefumlelwano iinqanawa moya, iiyunithi, amagosa kunye nabanye abasebenzi, ngokunjalo nemiqondiso zabo umnxeba abayabelwe (imidibaniso engenasizathu kwamanani, oonobumba) ukwenzela ukufihla ukusuka utshaba amagama abo ngokwenene xa uthumela ulwazi lobuchule iindlela zonxibelelwano .

zomkhosi wethu efunde elide yezithuthi ilizwi phezu amajelo onxibelelwano. Bakwazi ukufumana la amagama lula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa unomathotholo, kuthathelwa ingxolo akhawunti nefonetiki ulwimi Russian.

Kubantwana abaninzi isikhokelo callsigns asilungiselelwanga. Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi nabo kufuneka beze nowabo, okanye iinjengele zabo unike amagama phakathi. Abanye abantu abalwa lowo wamkela oonobumba call etafileni, esithi wakholiswa ukuba yabhalwa kuzo wena.

iinkonzo radiocommunication

Uyintoni na umqondiso call imikhosi ezikhethekileyo? Zidalwa kwi ngokwesiseko uJ kunomathotholo. Radios, emalunga inkonzo yosasazo radio, ekwimo uJ ukusebenzisa igama kumajelo eendaba. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, maxa wambi zibonisa Ukulinganiswa amaza erediyo.

Wenkonzo radiocommunication engahlawulwayo PSO na ulwazi ngakumbi. Kuyinto indibanisela amanani oonobumba be-alfabhethi Latin, equka abalinganiswa ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. uphawu umnxeba engahlawulwayo isoloko ezizodwa. Kukho zingabalawuli kunye oovimba eziqulathe ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga host PSO. umqhubi radio engahlawulwayo unyanzelekile ukuba wazise PCP wakho ekuqaleni kweseshoni kwaye kunomathotholo elide ngokucwangcisiweyo ukuphinda kuyo. Abaninzi abafuna ukuphucula ukuvakala usebenzisa oonobumba phonetic. Yintoni na?

Yindlela umgangatho wokufunda ka oonobumba be-alfabhethi. Lusetyenziswa radio transmission elukhuni amagama, iimpawu call, izifinyezo, iidilesi email, kwaye ezifana ukumamela ukwenzela ukunciphisa inani iimpazamo.

Okukodwa wenkonzo

Yintoni ukufana phakathi arhente imikhosi ezizodwa callsign umlweli lesiteketiso? Zombini yokuqala kwaye eyesibini i isibizo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba imikhosi ezizodwa phantsi kwegama yasungulwa rhoqo hero ikwazile udumo. Yiyo le migaqo yobomi.

Eneneni, amaxesha amaninzi naziphi isibizo okanye isiqhulo ixhomekeke intsapho yabantu. Igama yesibini kwakhona kunxibelelana izenzo okanye umsebenzi umlweli endala. Impukane uphawu umnxeba kwi yezithuthi radio kunokuba nayiphi eziteketiso okanye amagama umyalelo enemibono. Abaninzi bathi ukhetho igama yesibini akusoloko kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi kunye namagama. Le Ibutho unokuba umnxeba olunye, kunye nabanxulumene zayo kunye nezo njengele zabo - amanani serial. Umzekelo, ukubiza "neagati 'ukuze ilungiswe ngokuba" neagati-1 "(umphathi inkampani)" neagati-2 "(zamkomroty)" neagati-8 "(umfundisi zonyango Ibutho). Loo nkqubo, imigaqo, usebenza enkulu phezu into emileyo.

Kwaye ke look of impukane uphawu umnxeba, xa kukho imfazwe? Kukho sele zinqule okanye amagama, okanye igama labo (ukuba akukho eziteketiso). Ngenxa yomkhwa, abaninzi badidekile imiqondiso call: andazi ukuba ngubani "neametiste-1", yaye umntu - "neametiste-2." Abantu abaninzi bathi omnye komnye kwi eziteketiso ezithile. Umzekelo, "nolovane", "Karas", "Khmyrov" njalo-njalo.

Yiyiphi eminye imithetho yasungulwa imfazwe? Callsigns imikhosi ezizodwa wambi babelwa iimpawu ngayo ukulwa okanye okukhethekile yakhe, ngokufuthi - ngokunciphisa ifani, igama patronymic. Kukho bokuqonda ezahlukeneyo ...

iimbalelwano

abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba lupwa ukuya callsign kufuneka siphathwe ngenkathalo. Mhlawumbi, lobuqu nje kuzo kufanele kube kancinci. Umzekelo, intercepting "Czech" irediyo, nkqu iindlela zomkhosi eyamiselwa callsign. Yaye kuthekani ukuba leqela nokuqhelana inkqubo efanayo?

Kwaye yintoni ke indlela ukuchonga 'iindlela yemfuduko "kwi uphawu umnxeba? Kwaye nje ukwazi, umzekelo, ukuba "Temujin" ukusuka Churek-Martan, yaye "izaneka" - ukusuka Babay-Yurt. Radiocommunications karma emosha umyalezo, "zaydom lokuQala" indadi 'uhlale ngomhla wakhe. Ebusuku, siye kwi "Temujin". Ngeli lotshintsho nihlangane nazo.

"Bezandla" yaba mfo lokuqala ezilalini, kwaye "Temujin" wayesaziwa ngumthandi umculo, 80s disco ezijijekileyo. Kuba abasamkelayo igama lakhe.

Abaguquleli intanethi ukusebenza kuphela okwixesha-lokwenene intsebenziswano zokudubula-moya. SPN wafumana maziko khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo, kodwa abahlalutyi yaye oko kwakwanele. Ukuphunyezwa ukusebenza kwenzeka ngohlobo babhacela.

Xa imikhosi yotshaba mhlawumbi (malunga 98 amazwe) akukho abahlalutyi ezinjalo. Bacinga ukuba ubize uphawu "Kuzya" isuka igama Kuznetsov. Ngentsingiselo yamagama 'imbewu 7,62 "," nqaba "," kweenduli "," cucumber "zidweliswe kwizichazi amazwe Russian kwiintetho yomkhosi. Eneneni, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba umbuzo ukuze kukhuselwe njani emoyeni.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Richard Sorge (isikhulu eSoviet ukususela 1929 ukuya 1944) mqondiso umnxeba "Ramsay" Lev Borisovich (igosa German Communist GRU, i Comintern wadubula arhente) - "Alex", uRichard Vennikasa (GRU ohlala eFinland, Estonia) - "Bergman".

Kakade ke, xa kukho ukuhlaselwa ezinamandla, abaninzi ukulibala malunga eziteketiso bakhale ekuhleni. Kufuneka kongezwe la magama yokugqibela zahlukile. Xa umlweli efanayo kuba isiteketiso, afana "Four-amehlo 'kwaye umqondiso umnxeba eyahlukileyo kakhulu.

incazelo

Abaninzi umdla ukwazi ukuba yintoni eyenza abantu elite njengoko ababelwa ukuba, achole umqondiso call, apho kusetyenziswa, imithetho ukhetho, Okukodwa ... abaninzi bathi uJ kufuneka abe ngunobumba "P", njengoko liviwa ngokucacileyo ukuphazamiseka. amagosa Callsigns iqanjwa amanani ama emithathu. Bonke ichazwe kuxwebhu reference (TPDL).

Amagama Middle yeenjengele, namasekela azo kunye neentloko iiyunithi, kwemisimelelo kunye neeyunithi kusuka isibizo kunye amanani (enamanani 1-3). Bona elixelwe kwicandelo Radio. Umzekelo, "willow-163", "nespruce-4."

Callsign indawo unxibelelwano ulawulo node yi njengesibizo. Umzekelo, i "Ukugxininisa", "Ash". Soloko yenza iiseti ezimbini umnxeba - eziphambili kunye nendawo egciniweyo. yonke inkqubo yokuqeshwa kwabo, kwakunye nezikhokelo ezichazwe kwi "Manual kuphuhliso yonxibelelwano NE".

iiyunithi Ibutho akwaba nanto zabo zonxibelelwano, yaye isebe ayiqalisi ume ngaphandle imiqondiso call. Ngoko ke, ukuba wabelwe kweenjengele webutho.

Iingcali zidla kusetyenziswa yesekethe kwakudala. Umzekelo, ifowuni omkhulu iye "amaphiko" kwaye iqela ongundoqo -. "Ukhozi" Sebenzisa amagama nje omnye okanye-yegama amabini, njengoko lweziqhulo elide athi kunzima ukulwa.

Ezinye amajoni elite basebenzisa oonobumba call of the American Standard. Kulo mzekelo, unobumba wokuqala igama lokugqibela kwi alphabet phonetic Latin: B - Bayede, Ch - uCharlie njalo njalo. Lo mzobo ke wongezelela xa oonobumba bokuqala begama elifanayo. Umzekelo, "Fokstrot-1", "2 Sierra".

-Ngqwayi zomkhosi Russian kubiza candelo amaqela uphawu idla esikhethwe kwi neempawu lomntu - "Goblin-1", "Bull-1", "Condor-1." Ukuba amaqela bit zisetyenziswa ngamagama abo. Amaxesha amaninzi ukusebenzisa iyunithi callsign kunye naliphi na inani ezongezelelweyo, ngaphandle komnye.

Tips

A lot of Fighters zithi oonobumba call akufuneki ukuba zidalwe ngokuguqula igama kwaye kufuneka lula igcinwe kwimemori, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukubonakalisa iimpawu zangaphandle amalungelo zobuqu. Bathi igama eliphakathi isiteketiso (lesiqhulo) kwi mlweli ekhaya.

Iimpawu zokubala digital umnxeba idla kwi mfundiso, xa kukho ezininzi iintloko kunye ukubukela. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kukho igosa MVD eyalwa Chechnya kunye ubize uphawu "200" (wamakhulu ezimbini).

A lot of Fighters bathi basungula uJ umyalelo kwaye singatshintshwa qho kwiinyanga ezintathu, yaye amagama badalwe ngokuzimeleyo ngokuhambelana iimpawu zobuqu okanye amagama.

Amajoni kwakhona zibonisa ukuba iimpawu call kunye lweziqhulo - zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Emva TPDL (amagosa Uluhlu callsigns), nto leyo inika yafundwa digital ngokupheleleyo.

Ngokubanzi, oonobumba call kunye lweziqhulo ezi lezibizo zokusebenza. Bona abunjwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa olo phawu nganye ixabisa ngumntu wokwenene, ogama Isiphelo umdla kungekuphela nje ngembali kunye neengcali, kodwa nayo nayiphi diki.

"Gurza"

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ubize uphawu "Gurza" ngaxa lithile ukuba Efentev Aleksey Viktorovich. Ngubani na yena? Le igosa Russian kwaye Soviet, ababekhonza combat imishini e Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh, yaseKosovo Chechnya. Yena ngempumelelo ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe, nangenxa nenkalipho buqu, oku sashiya sombutho wonyuselwa isikhundla sokuba Hero of the Russian Federation, kodwa akazange imbasa.

uphawu ubizo lwakhe "Gurza" ngexesha First Chechen War wayesaziwa ukuba wonke ummi kwiriphabliki. Efentev wenza inqwaba yayigqogqa ngasemva Dudayev, langena Bamut kunye Grozny ingqongwe Release Uququzelelo Centre. Ngexesha lo msebenzi yokugqibela yena wahlangulwa yi iintatheli Russian kwaye uninzi ezintlwini aphezulu i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Interior kunye nomkhosi.

units amandla ezizodwa

Zeziphi iiyunithi yenjongo ekhethekileyo (SPN)? ukuba iphekwe kwi ithathele ethile inkqubo Aviation, i Army kunye Navy, kwakunye namapolisa, imikhosi yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi, gendarmerie, kufuneka ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile kunye nokusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye amaqhinga. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba oonobumba ezidinga ukuba imikhosi abafazi ezizodwa kungqiba ngendlela efanayo nje amakhwenkwe - akukho ezahlukeneyo.

"Cobra"

Callsign "Cobra" waba Colonel Erkebek Abdulaev (intlola ezizodwa iqela injongo "Vympel" ye KGB). Yena wapapasha ibali lobomi bakhe. Le imikhosi ezizodwa iKGB yamajoni, njengoko zazibizwa "zithutha."

Ibali lobomi bakhe iyafana ubomi uninzi lwamagosa "Vympel", phakathi kwabo kwakukho Russian, Belarusians, Ukraine, Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, Azerbaijani kwaye Georgians, Korea kunye Karelia. Bonke bammela izilangazelelo kwilizwe lakhe - ukwenza umsebenzi omnye. Ngamnye kubo wayenyanisekile umsebenzi wakhe, ade ase ekupheleni, nangona bathe baba amathandabuzo kunye neemvakalelo, nengqumbo.

"Yakutia"

Volodya Yakut - sniper Russian hero etsomo eponymous intsomi ezidolophini yemfazwe yokuqala Chechnya, nto leyo iye yenziwa ngenxa yokusebenza yalo phezulu. Kukholelwa ukuba le sompu ogama Kolotov Vladimir Maksimovic, nangona ilivo igama layo - Volodya. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba waba lizingela-abalobi ukusuka Yakutia yaye ubize uphawu "Yakutia".

US Special

US Army inkqubo yolawulo logic zahluke kakhulu ukusuka Russian. Hayi nje benze imiqondiso umnxeba yedijithali engangqinelaniyo (umphathi-amajoni kuphela omnye ibizwa 01 kwemiqathango), kodwa ilizwi ayikwazi kuba umthetho efanelekileyo ingcamango (kwi nomkhosi, asingabo bonke "iintaka" kunye "mithi"). Kwaye oku kuyinyaniso - engazi TPDL (amagosa callsigns table), uya kuze uqonde kwi inethiwekhi evulekile ukuba ganga ngoku, ngubani na "Dundukov-29" okanye "Woodpecker-36." Oku yindlela US Special Forces.

Le imikhosi ekhethekileyo kwindlela yokusebenza neyokusithela wenza oonobumba call ukuba bakhethe ezabo (baby isiqhulo, into ephawulekayo, okanye yintoni eza engqondweni). Ukuba ukulwa "zagcwala 'emoyeni evulekileyo xa esenza umsebenzi othile, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutshintsha PSO. Oku kusengqiqweni.

US imikhosi ezizodwa inokubangela Russian ijoni kobuxhakaxhaka. Radio kwesimo Ibe kukukhululana elektroniki bayakwazi ukuzivula Melika cryptogram. Kwaye ukuba abazi ikhowudi, babe esweni ngobunzulu yezithuthi radio phakathi kwezahlulo okanye disorient utshaba, jamming isitishi, enze ingxolo, njalo-njalo. Kwaye pelengovat imithombo umqondiso, nto leyo nayo embi.

Ngaphandle, amaMelika-Arhente eyodwa National yoKhuseleko (NSA), nto leyo inxaxheba radio nobukrelekrele elektroniki. Le arhente US mfihlakalo.