Amanani Binary: inkqubo lokubini

amanani Binary - linani kabini inkqubo nani, ukuba isiseko 2. Oku kuphunyezwa ngqo elektroniki yedijithali, lisetyenziswa ezininzi izixhobo becomputing yeli xesha, kubandakanywa iikhompyutha, Funny nazo zonke iintlobo abenzi boluvo. Sinokuthi zonke zobugcisa lethu ixesha eyakhelwe phezu amanani yokubini.

amanani irekhodi

Naliphi na inani, enoba inkulu kangakanani na, kwinkqubo yokubini ibhalwe ngendlela weesimboli ezimbini: 0 no 1. Umzekelo umfanekiso 5 onke amanani aqhelekileyo okubini uchazwa 101. amanani Lokubini inokwalathelwa isimaphambili 0b okanye ampersand (&) umzekelo: & 101.
Kuzo zonke iinkqubo amanani, ngaphandle kwesishumi, abalinganiswa kufundwa ngabanye nonke, ukuze kuthathwe umzekelo 101 njengoko sifunda njenge "omnye zero".

Ukutshintshela kwinkqubo enye ukuya kwenye

Program njalo sisebenzela nenkqubo yokubini on the go unako ukuguqula inani okubini lokugqibela. Oku ngokwenene kungenziwa ngaphandle fomyula, ingakumbi xa umntu ingcamango yokuba isebenza njani na inxalenye zincinane computer "ingqondo" - ziintanda.

Inani zero njengokuba ngu-0, kwaye inani elinye kwinkqubo yokubini nayo iya kuba iyunithi, kodwa yintoni ofanele uyenze xa amanani uphelelwe? Inkqubo wokugqibela yi "uyamenywa 'ukuba angene kwimeko enjalo, igama elithi" ishumi ", yaye kwinkqubo yokubini, uya kubizwa ngokuba' deuce".

Ukuba 0 0 ° (ampersand - inkqubo notation lokubini) 1 = k 1, iya kubizwa ngokuba 2 & 10. Phezulu ezintathu kwakhona uyakwazi kubhalwa amanani amabini, kuya kuba luhlobo &-11, oko kukuthi i deuce kwaye iyunithi enye. Le lwendibaniso ezenzekayo beqongqothiwe, nakwinkqubo wokugqibela waqalisa amakhulu kweli nqanaba, yaye okubini - "ezine". Four - it & 100, ezintlanu - & 101, ezintandathu - & 110, sixhenxe - & 111. Okulandelayo, iyunithi enkulu-akhawunti - ngokomzekeliso ezisibhozo.

Kokuba phawu wathi: ukuba imivo lokugqibela luyanda yi ezilishumi (1, 10, 100, 1000 kwaye njalo njalo), kabili, ngokulandelelana, ibe ezimbini: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32. Oku ingqamana ubungakanani flash memory amakhadi kunye nezinye drives ezisetyenziswa iikhompyutha nezinye izixhobo.

Yintoni na le code yokubini

Amanani aboniswe kwinkqubo yokubini, eyaziwa ngokuba yokubini, kodwa kule fom mayinikwe kunye amaxabiso lwamanani (abalinganiswa kunye neesimboli). Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba encoder amagama kunye izicatshulwa amanani, nangona uya kuba nembono esimweni kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ukubhala ileta enye kuphela kufuneka amanye amaqanda kunye nabo.

Kodwa njani iikhompyutha ukulawula ukufunda ulwazi kangaka? Enyanisweni, yonke kulula kubonakala. Abantu babeqhele ukuya kwinkqubo wokugqibela, kuqala ukuguqula amanani kabini eziwaziyo ngakumbi, uze wenze nayiphi na ukuxhaphaza logic-based khompyutha yinkqubo inani ekuqaleni kabini. Unit kwimizobo lihambisana ombane aphezulu, kwaye kwiqanda - esezantsi, okanye ombane le yunithi, kwaye zero abangekhoyo.

amanani Binary kwamasiko

Le Lemposiso ukucinga ukuba inkqubo yokubini - yinto impumelelo lemathematika mihla. Nangona amanani zokubini kwaye zisisiseko kwezobuchwephesha lethu xesha, baye basebenzisa ixesha elide, kwaye kwindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Sebenzisa elide umgca (unit) kunye ngakanye (zero) encoding abalinganiswa ezisibhozo, ethetha izinto ezisibhozo: izulu, nomhlaba, indudumo, amanzi, iintaba, umoya, umlilo kunye namanzi (ubunzima amanzi). Le analog amanani bit-3 echazwe kwisicatshulwa ezaziwa kwiNcwadi Utshintsho. Trigrams baba Hexagrams 64 (amanani bit-6), indlela apho irejista sele ibekwe Utshintsho ngokungqinelana amanani yokubini 0 ukuya 63.

Le umyalelo wenziwe elinanye umphengululi Chinese kwinkulungwane shao Yong, noxa kungekho bungqina bokuba ngenene uyayiqonda inkqubo inani lokubini njenge iyonke.

E Indiya, kanye phambi kokuba ixesha lethu kwakhona kusetyenziswa amanani kabini isiseko zezibalo ukuba inkcazo kwimibongo, ingcali yezibalo yabhalwa Pingala.

yokubhala Nodular Inca (bale) uthathwa kwase-lwazi zale mihla. Yayilixesha zokuqala kusetyenziselwa kuphela amanani yokubini, kodwa hayi amangeno ngamanani kule nkqubo yokubini. incwadi lokumisa kuphela amaqhosha bale zamabanga ezongezelelweyo iimpawu, kodwa usebenzisa amanani ngokokuma enkhowudwa usebenzisa imibala, kwaye lweengcombolo ukuphindaphinda (mijikelo). Inky ngowokuqala ukusebenzisa indlela of accounting ekuthiwa kabini-entry.

Eyokuqala badwelisi benkqubo

inkqubo Binary ngokususela kumanani 0 no 1, yaye wachaza nzulu esidumileyo, sezinto kwezezibalo Gotfrid Vilgelm Leybnits. Ebekuthanda inkcubeko yamandulo Chinese yaye ukufunda izicatshulwa yemveli The Book of yoTshintsho, lokuthobela waphawula hexagrams amanani yokubini 0 ukuya 111111. Wazithanda ubungqina nkqubela-bulumko kunye nezibalo ngelo xesha. Leibniz ukuze yokuqala badwelisi benkqubo kunye nkolelo ulwazi ekhankanywe. Yaba nguye lowo wafumanisa ukuba ukuba ubhale iqela amanani yokubini ngokuthe nkqo (enye ngezantsi enye ngasentla), ngoko iziphumo iintsika nkqo amanani iya kuphindwa rhoqo amaqanda kunye nabo. Olubizwa ukuba ukucebisa ukuba ukuze nibe imithetho emitsha ngokupheleleyo izibalo.

Lejbnits waqonda nokuba amanani yokubini kangangoko ukuze zisetyenziswe ukukhanda, isiseko apho utshintsho kufuneka imijikelo eyimpumelelo esebenzayo. I iyadi ngenkulungwane ye-17, yaye nzulu enkulu wasungula umatshini nokubala iphepha, umsebenzi ngenxa yophando lwakhe entsha, kodwa wakhawuleza waqonda ukuba impucuko akakafiki nophuhliso lweteknoloji ezinjalo, yaye ngexesha layo, ukudalwa umatshini bekuya kuba nzima.