Amabali ngamazwe apho ahlala amaYuda

Imbali yamaYuda isuka kwizizwe amadlelo isiJuda eyayihlala emazweni kweMilambo yamandulo, e-Iraq namhlanje. Ndiya kuthi ukuba umoya ephila uya akangesishiyi kuyo amawaka eminyaka embali. Kwezinye iimeko, le zehambo ziya kuba ngokuzithandela, yaye ngamanye amaxesha lo ukugxothwa okanye intshutshiso, kodwa wayesoloko ngesidima ngabafo aba bantu baya hit endleleni. Kwilizwe zonke apho amaYuda, abazange va kuhlala.

Ukusuka ezantsi ukuya entla. Indlela elide engamashumi asixhenxe

Owasemzini lokuqala kwimbali yamaYuda baba Abraham. Usolusapho enkulu yeBhayibhile wazalwa kumazantsi kweMilambo, kwisixeko samandulo iUre, kodwa ngokukhawuleza lo mzuzu xa intsapho yakhe ekhuselekileyo ukuba abe kweli lizwe. Eli bali buhlungu akukho kuphindwa kwakhona - kumazwe apho amaYuda, abasayi kukhuselwa ukusuka intshutshiso waphila.

Kweli nqanaba, uyise ka-Abraham ugqiba kwelokuba aye eKanan, kodwa abe khona kwaye akafuni ukufumana ukuba ahlale kwisixeko kwaHaran, engasezantsi Turkey yanamhlanje. Ezi zixeko zibini ukwabelana ngaphezu kwewaka kweekhilomitha, kwaye nanamhlanje, lo mgama akukho lula ayoyise ngenxa imeko ezingazinzanga Iraq kunye Syria. Ngamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile, ngokufanayo kumazwe apho amaYuda ukuze baphile, imeko kwakungekho yingozi ngaphantsi: abaphangi kunye namasela, nookumkani ngokunyoluka yaye umphathi-mkhosi yasabisa yonke endleleni.

Noko ke, intsapho ka-Abraham bafika kumantla eMesopotamiya, baza bahlala apho ixesha elide, ubutyebi ngeniso kunye nozuko, kodwa uAbraham akazange wathetha Waqokela uYehova wambiza kuye ngendlela. Emva kokuba emngcwabile uyise, uAbraham, waya ngasezantsi, emhlabeni yingozi ubenetloni.

amazwe afana ezahlukeneyo amaYuda ahlala apho

Khondo of wasemzini yamaYuda okhankanywe ngamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile 82, uya kuba uYakobi, owathi, basaba kwingozi kuye eHebron, uya kubuyela entla, isixeko Harran, apho uya kufumana ithamsanqa usapho, kunye nabafazi ababini.

Noko ke, kukho ngukhokho amaYuda akazange ahlale ixesha elide, kungekudala wabuyela kuyise, ukuba beze ngoxolo naye, waza wamkela intsikelelo, amngcwabe.

Emva kokufa kukayise, uYakobi waya eYiputa, apho unyana wakhe uYosefu iphunyelelwe imbeko nentlonipho entendelezweni likaFaro. Ngoko ke, ukuba uba eyaziwayo kwelinye ilizwe, apho amaYuda, ngaphambi kokudala ezabo baziphilise karhulumente.

Isimo lokuqala wamaJuda

Ephuma eYiputa ngoncedo kaMoses, uhlanga yezibhalo nemikhanzi eKanana, leyo ngoku liye laba yindawo amaYuda ahlala kuyo. Eli lizwe wabiza uSirayeli ukususela ngoko. Le meko iya kuba imbali elide ezityebileyo yeemfazwe, oliqhophololo, kwaye akafuni ukusombulula le mfihlakalo. Nangona kunjalo, eli lizwe liya kufika esiphelweni xa amaBhabhiloni etshabalalisa iYerusalem, ndizitshabalalise yamaYuda kaThixo, nabo bonke abemi kuya kukhokelela ebukhobokeni okanye kwanyanzeleka ukuba bafudukele azalufanelekela kweli lizwe. Yonke into eza kwenzeka ukususela ngoku kude ukubuya amaYuda kwilizwe labo, kwi historiography iya kubizwa ngokuba "ekuthinjweni eBhabhiloni".

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, hayi onke amazwe apho amaYuda ababenobuhlobo izifundo zabo wabhubha, kunjalo, yaye kowabo, abasayi kukhuselwa xa eze ama-Asiriya.

amaRoma kunye ukutshisa baseYerusalem

Into yokuba unganelanga uBukhosi baseRoma kungekudala ufumana ukuya Uchumileyo Crescent, wayesazi zonke izikhulu yasempuma kwiMeditera. Abarhwebi zamaYuda ishishini kunye ubukhosi, kakade, uyazi ukuba yintoni eqhubekayo kwi-West, kwaye kuluntu uYuda base bekulungele ukoyisa, okt. E. In kwangaphambili baxolelaniswe naye, waza wathabatha umlawuli omtsha, ukususela ngelo xesha aye lisithathe umlawuli.

Ngenxa yoko, njengombuso ozimeleyo abangamaYuda waba ngomnye kumaphondo ezininzi baseRoma, eyaziwa ngokuba kwelakwaYuda. Noko ke, ixesha elifutshane ukugcina uxolo wendawo kunye labemi neenkani ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngeenyawo olo imvukelo, endlwini eYerusalem kunye nesixeko ngokwaso yatshiswa emhlabeni, nabantu abasanda yeqondo eliphantsi.

Kwiintsali enkulu yamaYuda

Ubalekile isohlwayo labalawuli baseRoma, amaYuda aqalisa ukuba ziye iindawo ezahlukeneyo obo bukhosi yaye ifumana yokusabela kunye ikhaya elitsha. Kodwa kungekudala ubukhosi yaphela, yaye amabhodlo izikumkani zakhe ezininzi ezintsha abangamaKristu amaqaba.

Ngenxa yoko, phakathi mazwe baye owakhe wahlala apho amaYuda Spain kunye Western uBukhosi baseRoma, nto leyo eya kuza indawo ubukumkani Visigoth kunye States Kwenziwa.

Kakade ke, akukho apho kuphela kubakho umbuzo, amaYuda kwakhona basenokuhlaselwa kubalawuli zamaKristu, yaye kwiinkulungwane kamva, sele bagxothwa Spain uze evela eItali.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amaYuda zithathwa ukuba abe ngomnye izizwe babini, kodwa babe zabo uhlanga-karhulumente, kodwa yamaJuda zidlula abemi balo. Enye Abantu ezo Armenia, kakhulu, ngokwemigaqo eninzi atshutshiswe oorhulumente ezahlukeneyo.

Eyona inkulu wamaJuda e eUnited States, nto leyo yaba yindawo yokuzimela ukusuka ekubulaweni kwezihlwele kuBukhosi Russian yaye kamva ukusuka kwanokupheliswa eJamani yamaNazi. Kwakhona US ushiye amaYuda evela eSoviet Union, apho anti-kwamaJuda yaba ngokubanzi kwi ngurhulumente, kwinqanaba yomzi. Kwakhona eSoviet Union yaba yimeko amaYuda ahlala kuyo. Eli lizwe ke ngoko kucingelwa ukuba amaYuda elwayo, yaye abaninzi naye wakwazi thutha kumaSirayeli okanye United States kwi quota ekuthiwa-yamaYuda.