Caucasus - ummandla onobungangamsha weentaba

Caucasus - indawo ezintle geographical, ikakhulu kwi iingangamsha kwiintaba Eurasia. Yeyona ndawo kufutshane ukuya ngasemazantsi East European Plain, Ekuveleni Europe kunye Asia, kwaye zihlanjwe kuLwandle Black ukuya ngasentshona kunye lweCaspian - ngasempuma.

Le Kumda osemantla zaseCaucasus onamandla uhamba nxamnye Kuma-Manych Depression yamandulo, ice iishelfu ichibi kuLwandle Azov kunye elide Kerch Strait. Ngasemazantsi kule ndawo geographical kumda endala elalisakuba yiSoviet Union. Xa ezintlanu amazwe asemaZantsi Caucasus nge-akhawunti North abaseAfrika District ukuze engaphezu kwama-350 amawaka macala onke. M. km.

geography

Esimi zaseCaucasus ibonisa ukwahlulwa ibe kwiingingqi North noMzantsi. E Northern eCaucasus zezi:

• Ante.
• ithambeka elirhabaxa iintaba Greater Caucasus, ibekwe ecaleni kummango umabela emlanjeni Samur ngasempumalanga.
• Ntshonalanga inkulu ukwehla-Greater Caucasus entabeni umqolo, kunye umda walo Northwest Territories.
• I-Sea Black kunxweme.

Ngokusekelwe kwendawo yangoku belizwe yamandulo eCaucasus aba Russia (North Caucasus kunye inxalenye mazwe Transcaucasian ngaphaya kodonga lasekunene loMlambo Samur) kunye Azerbaijan, Armenia kunye wokubuk eGeorgia lobuhlobo. Turkey Uphinde yinxalenye kumazwe olusempuma kummandla weentaba.

Caucasus zinabela kufuphi ibhanti Alpine-zeHimalaya wenyikima ngokubanzi, nto idume iintshukumo esebenzayo ziitectonic plates kunye iyantlukwano enkulu isiqabu yentaba.

indaba

I ikhankanya lokuqala elithi "Caucasus" ezifumaneka ababhali Greece yamandulo. Umzekelo, kwi Aeschylus "Prometheus imibuzo ethungelanayo" (malunga ngenkulungwane V BC. E.).

Caucasus - ilizwe elo kangangeenkulungwane ibe kwindawo yamajoni uxabana States ezinkulu ubukhosi. Babefuna ukumbamba ulawulo kule ndawo qhinga. Le ndawo elikhulu wohlula iinxalenye ezimbini zehlabathi - Europe kunye Asia - kwaba kanye imeko egazi, nto leyo ehlanganiswa ubutshaba wasePersi kunye Empire omkhulu Ottoman. umzabalazo esebenzayo eRashiya eCaucasus waqala ngoko nangoko emva ekuweni anayo yamandla Golden.

1944 kwaphawulwa yi kukuba zonke Chechens kunye Ingush ngenkani yeqondo e Kazakhstan kunye Kyrgyzstan (republic ye-USSR). Wamemezela isizathu esisemthethweni - amatyala zokunyanzelisa ezininzi nokuhambisana bendawo abemi Chechen-Ingush abahlaseli isiJamani kunye nabahlali. Imephu zaseCaucasus kuye ngelo xesha kuye kwasekwa.

Ngo 1940, ingcinezelo ngobuninzi kunye nokuhanjiswa phantsi kwezinye izizwe zaseCaucasus. Ngowe-1991, e-Chechnya kukho lika exhobileyo, ngenxa apho Chechen-Ingushetia bahlukana ngaphandle imida ukonyulwa kwi Chechen kunye Ingush Republic. Emva koko, ngo Chechnya wapheliswa ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi counter-abagrogrisi, nangona ngemeko Ingushetia uhlala langoku: ngokubulala abantu, ubusela, ukungqubana phakathi-clan neeyantlukwano kwezopolitiko ikwazizinto yinxalenye zemihla ngemihla.

ixesha lethu

Ngowe-2008, ngokusesikweni iRussia waqonda ukuzimela yoMzantsi Ossetia kunye ezimelene Abkhazia, ukwakha ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo. neminye imimandla emininzi ahlale okuzimela yayo. It Dagestan, Chechnya kunye nabanye.

iindawo

ICaucasus- - le umtshato, ngokutsho kubume, iindawo eziphambili 4:

1. ithafa Ciscaucasian ukususela Azov ukuya kuLwandle lweCaspian zephetshana malunga 800 km ubude.
2. Greater Caucasus Iintaba (kubandakanywa i-Greater Caucasus Mountain Range neentaba ngqo North Caucasus).
3. ukuxinezeleka Transcaucasian (kubandakanywa Colchis kunye Kura-).
4. ihewu Transcaucasian (oku ekupheleni ngentla Armenian Highland) eziquka massif Small Caucasus ngokwayo ihewu South neAsia.

labantu

abantu abaseAfrika zahlulwe zibe 3 boqobo amaqela zolwimi: neCaucasus, zeAltai nentsapho Indo yaseYurophu-. Ngomhla amazwe ale ngingqi geographical uyaphila yaye kukho ukuya beentlanga ezahlukeneyo 50, bethetha ngeelwimi zabo baze babe inkcubeko abahlukene. Ngomhla kummandla Caucasus namhlanje oko kuyenzeka ngoku ukuba ezinye izizwe: Russian, Ukraine, amaYuda kunye nabanye abaninzi. Kwakhona kukho abantu abaseAfrika (kavkasionsky, umtshayelo, lweCaspian, Armenoid).

Caucasus - ummandla apho unqulo evelele ubuKristu (Russian, Armenian kunye Georgian amabandla Orthodox) kunye Islam. Kukho ngabameli kubuYuda. Islam inani esikholwa kwi ndawo yokuqala phakathi kweentlanga zaseCaucasus.

ukhenketho

arhente ezinika badla amalungiselelo uhambo oluya eCaucasus. Le ndawo lineziphumo entle empilweni, kukho iindawo ezininzi. Iinkampani njalo aququzelele uhambo umdla ezintabeni. imisebenzi Iindleko ezinjalo kangako, nangona kwinqanaba lamaxabiso amaxesha iyahluka. Noko ke, excursions umdla hlamusela ngokupheleleyo ezi ndleko. Hayi kuba akukho kucingelwa ukuba entabeni eyinkunzi eCaucasus of Europe. Zaselwandle kunye naye, nabo iba nomtsalane kubakhenkethi. Yi eCaucasus ibhekisela yingxenye Russia, Turkey, eArmenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Ngokufuthi ungabona iindwendwe: AmaMelika, baseKhanada okanye Australia. Bakulungele ukuba bahambele ndawo, ukuthenga njengezikhumbuzo kunye nokukhathalelwa ubuhle bendalo. izizwe Caucasus bayakuvuyela ukwamkela iindwendwe.