8 uHenry Anne Boleyn: ibali uthando

Ekuseni May 19, 1536 kwi itheko sakhiwe phambi White kwiNqaba Tower, bema ibhinqa eliselula an yokwaleka ermine. Le khosi Queen of England, umfazi Henry III Anne Boleyn, engobomi bakhe iye yaba umzekelo indlela ukunqamka ukusuka uthando intiyo losapho lobukumkani kunye itrone ukuya itheko.

Ebuntwaneni, ekube

The queen elizayo, owazalelwa 1501, kwaye ke ngelishwa yaphela ubomi bakhe omanzi kunye neqonga kusasa mbethe, weza evela intsapho wamandulo nonamandla, iquka Plantagenets dumeke. Oku kuphela unyanzelisa ukuba zingqinelane neemfuno ezisebenza yezo zinethamsanqa ngubani isiphelo sele ukulungele ukungenela kwesazinge basebukhosini. nto Anna ubuntwana elichithwa usapho Hever Castle wazala imidlalo yokuzonwabisa akukho yinqobo kule Pore bonwabile izifundo ezingapheliyo kunye nootitshala kakhulu ngexesha.

Anne wayeneminyaka elishumi elinanye ubudala xa yena nodadewabo omncinane uMariya wafumana isimemo ukuze baqhubeke nemfundo yabo e Vienna, kwisikolo ilungelo, leyo wakhusela uKumkanikazi kaMagarita Avstriyskaya. Emva kokufunda iminyaka emibini kwaye baphumelela arithmetic, igrama, iilwimi zasemzini, ukudanisa yaye abaninzi kukubophelela ngakumbi amantombazana amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu lwamacandelo, kuquka njengogcadalala ukukhwela, ukutola kunye umdlalo wechess yokufunda, aba dade waya eFransi.

Ubomi enkundleni kaFilipu I

In Paris befikile njengoko iyinxenye yohambelwano Marii Tyudor, udade uKumkani eNgilani, uHenry VIII. Apha amantombazana bayigqibe imfundo yabo, ukufunda nje ulwimi isiFrentshi, kodwa ukufunda nezo ukudlala wenkundla. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, udade Anna - Maria ubhidwe kangaka le inzululwazi, loo nto ayizange uqaphele ukuba phakathi abathandi ndiyazingca kodwa non-esisigxina uKumkani uPhilip I.

Kukho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba Anna ngokwakhe isilingo ukuphendula ukuthanda olukuhlayo akathweswa sithsaba, kodwa kwixesha elizayo abonisa, waba izicwangciso kude kangakanani, yaye nendima omnye wamashweshwe ezininzi ukumkani engenanto. Kufuneka uhlawule irhafu, ukuba kungachithwa iminyaka e-Paris. Ukunxibelelana kunye nabantu abaninzi enakhanyiselwa ngayo ngelo xesha, uAnna wafumana nje uthando lo izibongo ephakamileyo uncwadi, kodwa kuxhotyiswa neengcinga lolungiso zonqulo. Kamva ngeyabo kwiindima yakhe inguqulelo yeBhayibhile lesiLatini IsiNgesi.

Buyela ku London

Xa ngo-1522 ngenxa kwezepolitiki ubudlelwane phakathi eNgilani France saxabana, uAnna wabuyela eLondon. Apha ke wamkela isindululo umtshato ukusuka umzala wakhe - intshisakalo Irish uYakobi Butler, kwaye uchitha ixesha elithile njengomtshakazi wakhe, kodwa Umsitho okunene ngoko nomsindo. Ngokucacileyo, isizathu sokuba loo aba amabhongo ngokugqithiseleyo intombazana eselula. Ngeli xesha okumiselwe Anne ulungiselela ijika elibi. Xa azenza yasebukhosini zabanjwa ngoMatshi 1, 1522, oko ukumema ukudanisa i Korol Genrih 8.

iingxaki Family King

Ngeli xesha, lo mlawuli IsiNgesi wayetshate Ekaterinoy Aragonskoy. Ekubeni wanyukela etroneni emva kokufa umninawa wakhe, uArthur, uHenry wanyanzeleka ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko ilifa, kunye nomfazi wakhe, intombi uKumkani Spain. Noko ke, umtshato waba wayengonwabanga kuphela, kodwa akuphumelelanga ngokwalo dynastic. Ebudeni beminyaka yomtshato, uCatherine akakwazanga ukuvelisa indlalifa. Bonke abantwana bakhe wafa ezelwe, ngaphandle intombi kuphela - uMariya, ikamva Queen of England, uMariya I.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Korol Genrih Tudor 8, waphumelela itrone emva Iimfazwe elide kwaye onegazi rose, waba ngocoselelo kakhulu umba ngokulandelelana. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba wadibana uAnna, wayezimisele ndimgoduse umfazi wakhe akazange ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo aze aphinde atshate. Le ngcamango kunzima ngakumbi, njengoko ngokutsho izimiso ecaweni, uqhawulo-mtshato akuvumelekanga, kwaye Pope singazendiseli intsikelelo yakhe.

Emva koko, ukufumana esesikweni, kodwa neyanelisayo, ngokwembono yakhe, benyhwalaza, ukumkani wazama kumise ngokwayo umtshato yaye ukufikelela ekucinyweni kwayo. Oku, makayixhome ngokuzolileyo, ibali ugly eyathatha iminyaka eliqela, kwaye ngexesha Anne Boleyn yangqungqa nayo azenza zegala, Korol Genrih 8 nako ukuthumela umfazi wakhe bengonwabanga kwi woxande olude kude, sinikhuza Elucweyweni mistresses abaselula eziliqela.

intombi lokufuna imbeko

Phakathi kwabo belicinga ukwenza kunye Anna. Kufika bevela eFransi nondiliseko avelele abantwana ngembeko, wakwazi captivate yaza nengqiqo inkunzi zamasiko yakhe, nto leyo idityaniswe ngumkhinkqi zamaPuritan coquetry ecokisiweyo. Kodwa, gala kwakhe, yena bazitshitshisela izipho yaye abazange bamvumele asondele ngaphezu uvumelekile yokuziphatha. Kuyo, esetyenziswa kokungeniswa yabafazi, ukuba ziyamangalisa.

Noko ke, yonke into ilula: UAnna wayengafuni ukwabelana isiphelo udade wabo omncinci Mariya waba ixesha elifutshane oyinkosikazi Philip I yaye kungekudala ndabafulathela. Lo mfazi wayesazi ukubaluleka yakhe wadlalela izikhonkwane eziphakamileyo. Xa Ukumkani wathetha naye malunga ubudlolo umfazi wakhe, waqonda ukuba bebonke isiphelo emnika ithuba. Poor Anna, yena wayengazi ukuba uya kuba nje omnye Kwisahluko A sale ntlekele, leyo kuthiwa "obangela 8 Henry Tudor kunye nomfazi wakhe ..."

Ubuqili, ethwele impumelelo

Kanye e France, ngokugcina emimiselweni inkundla izindawo, uAnna wayengumfundi olungileyo ngokugqibeleleyo bafunda "inzululwazi kunokutshiseka yethenda." Wayesazi nto ibatshise ngoko ikhwele abantu njengoko darling silwa kuyacaca kunye ingozi lokufelwa ngonaphakade. Anna yenza kwakuyingozi kodwa ugwetyelwa ngokwawo step - ixesha elide ocima in yamanyange Hever Castle.

Xa, ekugqibeleni, yena walilungisa kwibhotwe, ukwahlulwa ixhala ukumkani-otyhafileyo nekhwele, uba ixhoba lula. Ukulahlekelwa ithemba ukunciphisa ubukho yayo kwibhotwe kuphela nje omnye yinkosikazi, Anne uKumkani Malume yenza kunikezo abe ngumfazi wakhe mthethweni, yaye uyavuma.

Mthethweni, kodwa ngumfazi othandekayo

Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba 8 uHenry Anne Boleyn banokutshata, kufuneka isonjululwe umbuzo ka Margaritoy Aragonskoy. Wathumela indoda yakhe kwixesha elizayo oko kukuthi, nangoku kuhlala umfazi wakhe osemthethweni kwaye akayi kwenza na umnyinyiva. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, imeko ingqalelo yomtshato kunye uKumkani ize iqhube kangangeminyaka eliqela, yaye ngenxa yesizathu esithile ayikwazanga kusonjululwa kwixesha elizayo.

Ngelo xesha, uAnna, owaziswa zasebukhosini, nokuba ngokungekho mthethweni, waziphatha wokwenyaniso vershitelnitsa bayahlelwa karhulumente. Ukuba Henry impembelelo mda, yena unceremoniously engena kuzo zonke iinkalo zikarhulumente, zitshintsha kubo ngendlela yakhe. A lonobumba oonozakuzaku iSpanish kwaye French, apho walumkisa oogxa babo ukuba phambi kokuba ekusombululeni imibuzo kwiPalamente yaseBritani, ukufumana imvume yi Anna.

I UHlaziyo webandla kunye neziphumo zawo

Kweli nqanaba, indima ebalulekileyo ebomini bakhe ukudlalwa kutshanje amisiweyo umcebisi wokuqala ukumkani Tomas Kromvel. A mxhasi azinikele yoHlaziyo zeCawa, wakwazi ukweyisela uHenry bahlukane kolawulo Pope, Ndivakalise ephambili esemagunyeni phezu ibandla. Eli nyathelo kwaba nemiphumo kude kangakanani ukuba urhulumente, ngaphandle-of-olawula Bona oyiNgcwele, kwanjengathi nje ngokuba ukumkani, akanyanzelekanga ukuba siqhubeke sifuna imvume for ukuchitha eRoma. Kungekudala uxwebhu endiyilangazelelayo sifunyenwe.

Emva ukuvunywa ngokusesikweni umtshato basebukhosini semthethweni 8 uHenry Anne Boleyn batshata. Okokuqala, lo msitho ndenzelwayo entsithelweni ngenxa yabantu bangaphandle, kodwa kaJanuwari 25, 1533, xa Anna yazisa umyeni wakhe ukhulelwe, lo ibekwa esemthethweni, injongo yayo ukunika semthethweni umtshato wabo. Ifudusiwe imibhiyozo inkcazelo eshiywa ngomnye ngamaqela. Kuyo, uxelela indlela ezitratweni London ethutha mngcwabo yomtshato. UMtshakazi ubehleli palanquin nengubo, kwaye zizigwili kakhulu kakuhle ozelwe eyayibanjwe phezu kwentloko ikhephu lakhe evalekayo ezimhlophe.

ukoma yindlalifa

Ukususela ngaloo mini-8 uHenry Anne Boleyn babexakekile omnye inkxalabo - Ithemba ngokuzalwa indlalifa ukuya isithsaba yaseBritani. Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka ukususa umfazi wakhe ephithizelayo lentendelezo, uKumkani wahlala oko yokuhlala yakhe ndiyithandayo Greenwich, apho Wayengqongwe ezininzi ngabakhonzi iinkxalabo. Bonke oogqirha ngeenkwenkwezi ngamxhelo kwangaphambili ukuzalwa unyana, kodwa, ngokwahlukileyo koko bekulindelekile, ngoSeptemba 7, 1533, uAnna wazala intombi egama Elizabeth.

Akuzange ukudana encinane amaqabane kunye inyathelo lokuqala kwindlela eya kwabangcangcazelisayo Anne ipulpiti ukuba wakha kwakhe phambi White Tower of the Tower. Ngeli xesha, bumnandi uHenry ezazihamba imihla yokuqala nitshatile, indawo kuhluthe, kwalandela izithende kulandelwe isizungu kunye ukutyiwa loo mfazi kanye kubanjwa onke amaphupha akhe. Ngaphezu koko, wahlala umba ezingekasonjululwa kunye indlalifa eziya etroneni, yaye kwashiya uphawu yayo ubuhlobo babo.

Imbali Anne Boleyn kunye Henry 8 engena kwisigaba eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Queen uyaqonda ukuba akayi kuba nako ukubuyisela sele athande indoda yakhe, yaye ngoko ke kuxhomekeke kuphela ithuba amnike unyana oyifunayo kakhulu. Emva konyaka wayekhulelwe kwakhona. King engqongwe ngononophelo wayo wangaphambili kwaye ndihlanjwe kunye nezipho. Kwakubonakala labuya imihla kakuhle uthando lwabo. Kodwa ngequbuliso yonke into ime. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1534 yena kwenzeka kwezisu.

Ukufa ithemba lokugqibela

Ukulahlekelwa ithemba, uHenry VIII uqalisa ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo kunye mtshato uqikelelo. Anna balindelwe enye ingxaki: ngexesha inkundla kubonakala intombi oselula Dzheyn Seymur, nto leyo eye uthathe indawo yayo intliziyo yokumkani. Ithemba lokugqibela yaba ukukhulelwa entsha leyo waxelela umyeni wakhe emva kokuba bachitha lonke ihlobo kunye ngowe-1535. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa wafika kamva iindaba zokufa umfazi yangaphambili uHenry VIII - Margarity Navarskoy.

NgoJanuwari ngemini yengqele, ngexesha kumngcwabo ezihlangwini zakhe, Anna waphinda wahlaselwa kwesisu. Mhlawumbi isizathu sakhe yombhodamo ezifunyanwa kwakhe, xa iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokumkani xa bekukho le tumente yawa ihashe, okanye lithemba imisinga ukuba xa ebona lo wothiyiweyo Dzheyn Seymur ehleli phezu lengubo yendoda yakhe. Kodwa kunjalo kwaba sekupheleni.

Emva kokuba ntlekele, izinto ezo ezenzeka ngexesha komngcwabo Margarity Aragonskoy, uHenry Anne Boleyn 8 bayeka okunene ukuba indoda nomfazi. Uye ugxothiwe evela zokuhlala yobukumkani, abawabelwayo imbangi bonwabile. Kungekudala uHenry wathi umtshato waxinwa amandla umlingo, kwaye ngoko ke ibona olungasebenziyo.

Enye phakathi iintshaba ezininzi

Kufanelekile ukuba ukukhumbula igama uThomas Cromwell, owathi, ngokutsho abaphandi, enokukucaphukisa ukuwa kunye nokubulawa elandelayo ukumkanikazi. Yaba nguye owavula zoHlaziyo yeCawa, nto leyo ke ngoko wachitha Henry 8. England baphuma phantsi kwempembelelo eRoma ingeniso ebonakalayo yabefundisi zathinjwa ngenxa yoko. Anna wafuna ukuyisebenzisa ngayo uthando, njengoko Cromwell lufuna ukugqithiselwa kwemali ngasemkhumbini wokulondoloza imali, nokugcinwa mali ezibalulekileyo emagemeni abo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, phakathi kwabo kwakukho uDlamini obulalayo.

Ukuphelisa le kumkanikazi ngehlazo, kwaye akwazi ukuba aphinde atshate, uHenry Tudor 8 ndityhola umfazi wakhe zokungathembeki. Ekubeni ukumkani yaba isimntwiso yesizwe, kulo mzekelo, ukukrexeza ngokomthetho lifike lokungcatsha kunye sono silingenwe kukufa. Njengoko abathandi amadoda abizelwa kuzo neqembu layo. Kuba ukuqondwa wabo akayi - bamkelwa ngoncedo abaxheli abanamava.

Ekuqaleni kuka May 1536 kwenye emagumbini Tower sele ithunyelwe yaye Anne Boleyn. England asabela ukumbamba ngaphandle uvelwano, kuba akazange ukonwabela abantu hayi kancinci. Ibanjwa wayesazi ukuba ulingo ezayo iya kuba kubonisa sesikweni, ngoko akazange ayithandabuze into isigwebo iya kunikwa phantsi kuye.

Ngentsasa yokugqibela yobomi bakhe

Kubulawa UAnny Boleyn waqeshwa ngoMeyi 19, kodwa kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba Constable of the Tower William Kingston ingxelo kukumkani ukuba enetyala ukulungele ukwamkela ngokuthobeka abalungiselelwe kwizibetho zayo. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba esifubeni yabavuselelayo uHenry VIII inceba okanye bamrhola iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kwi ngomzuzu wokugqibela kwakhe endaweni yayamkela kwiimeko ezinjalo, bona ukutshisa esibondeni ngokuthi nokubanqumla ngekrele. Lesintu ngamanye amaxesha wabonakala kakhulu engalindelekanga.

Bavuka kusasa loo mini sibi xa isinqumo ukuba anikwe ngokubulawa, phantsi eluphahleni Tower walawula imvuselelo. Apha, nangona ilixa engaqhelekanga, ubhishophu wafika Boleyn, ngubani akuvuma phambi uConstable Anne. Xa ubuso kufa, yena Wafunga eBhayibhileni ukuba akanakuze ungakrexezi. Kodwa akaba saba kuchaphazela isiphelo sayo. Abo ezandleni umxhomi wambongoza nesithandwa sakhe babulawa nkqu iintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo. Emva kwawo ukwamkela ukufa, kunye Anne Boleyn. Biography yomfazi eza ekupheleni kwayo lusizi.

Ngoko emva kweqonga, apho waqalisa eli bali. Le itheko yakhiwa malunga White kwiNqaba Tower, yema ibhinqa yokwaleka ermine. Ke kaloku yangaphambili iKumkanikazi of England Anne Boleyn. I Tudors, bamnqumla intloko amabanjwa owenze lomgaqo yamkelwa kwiimeko ezinjalo nge ngezembe, kodwa kulo mzekelo, uHenry VIII wayalela ikrele ezisika. Kwafuneka kubiza oyingcali evela eFransi, engazanga ibekho zafunyanwa olungisa phakathi babembulala.

Xa Anna Ubhabhayisile ku eziliqela yamantombazana imbeko, abaye bafumanisa ukuba nesibindi uyiyeke uhambo lwakhe lokugqibela, kunye ingubo yakhe isusiwe, yaye neenwele zakhe Mfuleni phantsi emnqwazini. UConstable Anne wabopha amehlo waza wanceda Waziguqisa. I engumFrentshi akazange ukudanisa yaye wadlala ishishini kwabo isibetho namendu abanisukelayo. Ababekho njengamangqina ukungcungcuthekiswa kunye zazimi zijikeleze amalungu iqonga eBhunga State, elikhokelwa uThomas Cromwell waqalisa ziye makathi cwaka. Njengoko omnye owayephila wabhala, abanye babo baba uhlobo lwabantu eyayenze nje ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukufa wamacebo endala

Henry 8, ogama engobomi igcwele iintlekele umtshato, Anne Boleyn wasinda iminyaka elishumi elinanye. Ngowe-1547 wafa, abaphethwe ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo. Le akubeka obangel 'umdla yaye sensualist kwi ubunzima ukuze ndikwazi zizula-zule ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Kuthiwa ukuba impindezelo ukuba zonke azenzileyo ebomini.

8 Henry Tudor kunye nomfazi wakhe, waba ezintandathu, kamva waba ezibonakalayo ukuze amabali kweenoveli ezininzi kunye nemidlalo. Akumangalisi oku, kuba bobabini, yena umtshato abanye ababini abulawe, omnye wafa naye, kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, kwaye kuphela abokugqibela babo awamiselwa kunabo amaqabane abo.