7 Ancient Wonders of the World

7 ebalulekileyo yamandulo yehlabathi zezona lesikhumbuzo elifana kakhulu bokwakha, eyenziwe zizandla zabantu. Kutheni ezisixhenxe? Le nombolo ukususela Apollo njengophawu kwimfezeko, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba yonke imimangaliso zehlabathi udlule ukhetho olungqongqo lwe 'title' ezinkulu kakhulu. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, mnye kuphela kubo asinda kule mini, okanye mandithi - kwindawo engundoqo ye kuyo, bathi ke abanye mhlawumbi baphanga okanye yatshatyalaliswa izinto zendalo. Kodwa ke, ngenxa ke ngabembi bezinto kunye nophando, siyayiqonda inkangeleko yabo. Yintoni iqukiwe ezisixhenxe ehlabathini, nto leyo era yamandulo wadala izandla abaculi anetalente?

7 Ancient Wonders of the World

Ngemfumba Giza. Akumangalisi yaMandulo zehlabathi, nto leyo ibekwe kwisixeko saseYiputa Giza kwaye sibizwa Pyramid Omkhulu. Kudala-dala iiphiramidi baba phakathi nekhulu, kodwa hayi bonke baye basinda ku maxesha ethu. I inkulu ke nePiramidi Cheops, leyo "wasinda" unanamhla phantse ngendlela yayo yoqobo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba abanye umonakalo kwaba engaphantsi yi iimitha ezilithoba. Yaqala ukuya wonder zehlabathi ngo-1983 BC, ukohluka yayo - kwiibhloko ngqo ingqokelela, phakathi ngisho ngoku ngentonga blade obhityileyo. NePiramidi Enkulu of Giza ithathwa ukuba engcwabeni, ngenxa yokuba waye wafumana sarcophagus, kodwa ubungqina ngqo ukuba izazinzulu awukwazi ukufumana. Ngaphakathi, akukho iintsalela likaFaro, okanye izacholo, okanye nayiphi na imibhalo, nto leyo yaba luncedo le mfihlakalo. Mhlawumbi kwake baphanga iphiramidi. Umnyango ke "elilinda" mfanekiso onomtsalane ehlabathini - amangalisayo Great SPHINX.

Le Gardens Ulenga waseBhabheli. Ngelishwa, le ndlu iye yagcinwa unanamhla - yakhiwa kwi BC ngenkulungwane yesithandathu, ukuba batshatyalaliswe ngomkhukula kwinkulungwane yesibini. Okwangoku, unako ukubona kuphela iintsalela zamanxuwa amatye, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, yaye ngoku ndijonge. Lo is ibekwe kufuphi Baghdad, bona ngempazamo bufunyenwe ngethuba bemba zakudala uRobert Koldewey ngo-1989. Ibali imiyezo ejingayo, ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, kuba romantic kakhulu - ukuba zadalwa ngokomyalelo kaKumkani uNebhukadenetsare II, owayefuna ukwenza isipho ekhethekileyo emfazini wakhe Amitis. Kwafika ukumkanikazi evela lokudubula bamaMedi waseBhabheli walangazelela kakhulu kwilizwe lawo, ngoko ke ukumkani waza wagqiba ekubeni ukumkholisa umkakhe intanda yakhe. Nangona imfihlakalo imiyezo ejingayo ayilungiseki kude kube sekupheleni, ukuba babenotyekelo zibandakanyiwe ezisixhenxe ehlabathini.

Umfanekiso uZeyus eOlympia. Xa nomkroli antique kwinkulungwane yesine Phidias wadala omnye umqondiso behlabathi - kwakumi Olimpiki kaZeyus. Ngelo xesha, kwagqitywa ukwakha itempile, ukwakhiwa yakhe eyathatha iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu emva kokuba uyise woothixo. Ngokwenene engcwele esihle, endawenzayo nazo zonke panache. Ngelo xesha linye amandla Greece wacelwa ukuba ukudala umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaZeyus ngu Phidias, kwaye igcisa yamandulo kudale sculpture eyenziwe lwendlovu. umfanekiso Imilinganiselo nomama ekuyileni - elinesihlanu ubude! Kwi ubhaliso sculpture wathabatha ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini eekhilogram ngegolide. Okubuhlungu kukuba, emva kokuba sifudukele eConstantinople othile lachithwa kunyaka 362. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo enye - loo Umfanekiso litshisiwe ngomlilo, kwelinye - ukwakhiwa baphanga. Kwaba kuphela ngo-1875, amathambo akhe sibanjwa, yaye ngowe-1950 - kumasifundisane le nomkroli. Ngokusebenzisa izazinzulu zophando ngenyameko, imbonakalo oqingqiweyo kaZeyus waba nako ukuzifumana.

Temple of Artemis e-Efese. Isixeko samandulo yesiGrike Efese babenqula uthixokazi wenzala kunye patroness osikwa yinimba uArtemis, itempile intle kangaka imbeko elimiswe 550 BC. uyilo wesakhiwo wezakhiwo Harsifron wenyuka, kwaye kwisixeko sase-Efese wayengekho amahlwempu, kwagqitywa ekubeni sakhe esihle imiqolo emibini columns. Xa iziko lengcwele oqingqiweyo isithixokazi eemitha, nobubanzi obulishumi eliphezulu - lo mfanekiso yajika ngokumangalisayo ezintle. Yayihonjiswe ngegolide, namatye anqabileyo, yena akavumelekanga ukuba ibeke ecaleni khangela! Ke ukuba itempile kunye nomfanekiso esekhona maxesha ethu, babeza kuba ngaphezu wobugcisa mihla. Kodwa ke, yeha, loo nto ayizange yenzeke - ngo-355 BC yeyona nto eyodwa yehlabathi yatshatyalaliswa umlilo kakhulu. Asinda kuphela iinxalenye ukwakhiwa marble ekugqibeleni watshabalalisa umhlaba afumileyo. Ixesha elininzi kwathabatha abaphandi ukuba ukuphinda-ukuvelisa imbonakalo etempileni.

Yamangcwaba e Halicarnassus. Esi sakhiwo lwapapashwa ngo-352 BC yaye itempile kunye ingcwaba nengcwaba. On iprojekthi ye Halicarnassus yamangcwaba asebenza abayili eziliqela kunye abakroli, kwaye bathatha inxaxheba ekwakheni inqwaba amagcisa. Ingcwaba a iyadi kunye koseko, ikhuselwe ziingonyama ngamatye. Iindonga anxibé imifanekiso woothixo, yaye omane stone guards. ezine imifanekiso ezinkulu lamahashe kumqhubi, kwaye uphahla 'ukubamba' imiqolo monolithic zafakelwa phezu lwezakhiwo. Ukwakhiwa basinda ngokoyisa Aleksandrom Makedonskim kunye nokuhlaselwa Pirate, kodwa akaba nako ukumelana kwempahla i baseMalta kwinkulungwane elinesihlanu. Isakhiwo wahlala kuphela isiseko, nokwafumanekayo ngexesha kumbiwa ngo 1965-1976, ngokulandelelana. Oku kwamnceda izazinzulu ukubuyisela imbonakalo wokuqala Umakhi of Halicarnassus.

Sondo of yaseRhodes. Ingcamango ekudaleni oqingqiweyo onguHelios, lo umkhuseli siqithi, owamkelwa ngurhulumente emva kokuba siqithi ubunzima bahlaseli zokungqinga elide. Injongo yale sondo - ndibulela uthixo yesiGrike kwelanga, ngokuba elimgcinayo Rhodes. Lo mfanekiso yakhiwa ngo kwasekuqaleni BC ngenkulungwane yesithathu ilitye epheleleyo-ubude ukuma onguHelios. Ekuqaleni, uthixo ilanga kwafuneka ukuba baqhubeke ubude layigubungela ilitye ngengalo yakhe, kodwa, eqonda ukuba kwimeko enjalo oqingqiweyo siyabutyaka, le ngcamango yayekwa. Ngenxa yoko, onguHelios yakhiwa ngeemitha ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu eliphezulu nesithsaba obuma- entloko. Kodwa isiqingatha senkulungwane kamva, Rhodes yathotyelwa uthotho neenyikima, noseko yawo wavuleka. Sondo yaseRhodes wawa elwandle, apho wayelele iminyaka eliwaka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngokuthe ngcembe waqhaqhwa linyibilike ubhedu nomfanekiso entanjeni. Ukuba kwempefumlelo odumileyo Statue of Liberty.

Lighthouse of Alexandria. Xa BC ngenkulungwane yesithathu ngokwemiyalelo yomlawuli kwePtolemy e Alexandria, Egypt Lighthouse iingangamsha sakhiwa Pharos. Ukwakhiwa kwale sakhiwo yathatha iminyaka amabini kwaye lwagqitywa kulo nyaka 290, kunye result apho ukuba yokuqala ehlabathini olu hlobo ukwakhiwa. Beacon ukuphakama malunga 140 eemitha, ukwakhiwa inqaba enkulu kwimiqolo emithathu, Isisekelo iibhloko ibhastile. Lighthouse waseAlexandria rhoqo bamthwala inkonzo yakhe iminyaka malunga elinesihlanu lamakhulu, kodwa iinyikima kakhulu ngcembe yonakele isakhiwo. Ekugqibeleni, lo iinqanawa ngowama-1326 BC, yaye kuphela kakhulu kutshanje, ngowe-1995, isidumbu sakhe esafunyanwa ngabaphandi. Ngenxa yale ngoncedo computer kwaye sele zenziwe inkangeleko yale nto zehlabathi.

Ngelishwa namhlanje imisebenzi yakho ebalulekileyo yamandulo zehlabathi wahlala kuphela iiphiramidi of Giza, kodwa ixesha na ukuma, namhlanje, emva kwenkulungwane, uyakwazi ukubona imimangaliso elitsha zehlabathi sokukhanya zadalwa ngumntu.