Zomzimba zemigudu abantu

zomzimba Human kunokuphefumla - enye kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ebomini

Ukuphefumla - Omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo lokulondoloza ubomi a ophilayo. Njengazo zonke ezinye imisebenzi, ukuphefumla ayikho inkqubo engundoqo okanye zamabanga - le yenye yezinto ezifunekayo olubumbene, umsebenzi oqhagamshelwano phakathi kwazo zonke iinkqubo kunye namaziko.

inkqubo Physiology kunokuba zombini eqhelekileyo zophendlo lwezifo. Ukuze siyiqonde ngakumbi umoya kanye babe nokuqonda norms and izinxaxhi kufuneka ucinge ngoko nangoko ngokwayo inkqubo uphefumlayo.

Nokwakheka zomzimba yenkqubo nokuphefumla kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zicwangciswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kuxhomekeke ekubeni umgaqo single yendalo - ukuphila eqhelekileyo umzimba. I zomzimba eqhelekileyo nokuphefumla ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa inkqubo ngokusebenzisa lweHo- ngeempumlo. Umlomo lisetyenziswa xa uphefumla kuphela xa uhlobo ngeempumlo uba kuyingxaki. Ngokomzekelo, xa umntu omdala ebandayo umlomo ukuphefumla, ngokuba ngeempumlo ukuphefumla nzima. Ebuntwaneni, xa ukuphefumla ngomlomo, ngokufuthi oogqirha ukrokrela adenoids ayegqunyelelwe, nto leyo ethintela sicatshulwa komoya ngokusebenzisa lweHo- ngeempumlo.

ukuphefumla ngeempumlo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba nokuba esemncinane abazali bafundise abantwana ukuba aphefumle ngokusebenzisa mpumlo umkhwa "gasping ukuba umoya" akazange kungakhokelela kwizifo womqala. zomzimba yokuphefumla zenza ukuthi, acandacanda impumlo, komoya phantsi ngokuma sele yothani, hayi kubanda kangaka. Oku kungenxa yokuba i impumlo kuyinto inethiwekhi oxineneyo imithambo yegazi apho itshiswe ngokuwisa umoya ukutyhubela lweHo- ngeempumlo. Ukongeza umsebenzi ukufudumala, impumlo ococa umoya, uyalibazisa amasuntswana othuli minute eziwa emoyeni yangoku. Person kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngenye imini impumlo yakhe ngandlel kakhulu unesifo loo ungcoliseko lomoya, ngoko yonke imihla (kusasa) yokulungiswa lweHo- ngeempumlo iyafuneka.

Ukusuka ngokubhijela umoya nasopharynx yhuu phantsi kungena kwingqula kunye noqhoqhoqho. Uqhoqhoqho uukuba yahlulwe kwimibhobho inyumoniya, leyo ukuya kwicala ekunene ukuya kwemiphunga ekunene kwaye kwicala lasekhohlo ukuya kwemiphunga ngasekhohlo. Sami bronchi zifana umthi branched, lwahlulwe kungena bronchioles igcina alveoli kwi eziphelweni (vesicles pulmonary). Kulapha liqalisa ngqo ingananwa oxygen ancedisana nokuyihambisa igazi ngomzimba. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko iphezulu inkqubo yokuphefumla phantsi eluthulini, kwaye bronchi kunye noqhoqhoqho zibonelelwa ngaphakathi epithelium ciliated leyo ijoliswe kwabo kwisisu ngomlomo. Ngale ndlela kwakheka yencindi ukuba zangaphantsi amasuntswana uthuli alahlwa ukuya epithelium le kwisisu ngomlomo. Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla zikhululwa umzimba amasuntswana of isikhohlela ecoca inkqubo yokuphefumla - oku kuquka amalungu ka yokuphefumla, ngoko ke ukukhanya kungekho isikhohlela viscous, akukho sizathu inkxalabo. mandundu kakhulu, ukuba isikhohlela kunzima ukuba emke, it has a luhlaza bulubhelu okanye admixture igazi - le ndlela sinokubonisa bazoyise kakhulu isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

Alveoli kubume ohlukileyo kulawo kakhulu - leyiswa ngokupheleleyo uhlobo amalungu zabo zifo. iindonga Alveolar unomzimba - omnye kuphela umaleko iiseli phe ngokukhululekileyo oksijini carbon dioxide. A indima ekhethekileyo inkqubo yokuphefumla inendima lunezinto - kukho izinto ezizodwa nolwenzelwa ezindongeni alveoli. Ngenxa kuye, iindonga alveolar ababi atelectasis - nokuthityazwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana bazalwa ngokupheleleyo-elide - in lunezinto lwabo alveolar ngokwaneleyo ukuba amatakane angakwazi ukuphefumla ngokuzimeleyo.

zomzimba yokuphefumla ibandakanya kungekuphela nje umsebenzi imizimba ezinxulumene isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Kule amathambo inkqubo yokuphefumla ababandakanyekayo (iimbambo waphakamisa kancinane), izihlunu (zingaziswa ngqo kwi nyathelo ubambo), uvalo (ingalo eyodwa utyhala amalungu esiswini kunye nokwandisa umthamo kwisisu thoracic ngexesha izenzo zemigudu). zomzimba Eqhelekileyo zemiphunga inikeza ngokupheleleyo umzimba mpilo eziyimfuneko ukuze ubomi balo ovelisa i "bachitha" igesi - ukuba iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezenzeka emzimbeni womntu.