Oscillations harmonic kunye schedule inkqubo lokungcangcazela

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo oko kuthiwa oscillations harmonic ke, kufuneka ikhunjulwa into yokuba ezi ophathekayo - enye ixhaphakileyo indalo. Mhlawumbi, kunzima zichaza ububanzi, zazingathandanga harmonics abakhoyo. Imimandla uqhelekileyo theory ngokwasemzimbeni, nto leyo uphonononga iinkqubo oscillatory na mechanical, umbane kunye elektroniki, radar kanye sonar, kunye nabanye.

United ngaphandle kokukhetha, ezi ndawo ukuze ukuba uhlobo iinkqubo oscillatory ngokubanzi ngokufanayo, yaye, ke ngoko, ukuchaza ukuba kukho ingcamango zoqobo jikelele. oscillatory parametric iinkqubo iiyantlukwano ngenxa kuphela amanzi ayo aphakathi kunye iimeko zangaphandle leyo enokuchaphazela intshukumo vibrational. Umzekelo elula motion oscillatory, sidibana kubomi bemihla ngemihla, ukuba, umzekelo, oscillations ewotshi pendulum, okanye ombane.

Ukuhla nokunyuka uhlobo ukwenzeka zabo simahla-gingxi. Free oscillations kuthiwa ukuzeyisa, kuba kugxininiswe ukuba njengomthombo zazo zonke ezi ngxushungxushu lwangaphandle eliphakathi, leyo usukele umzimba wenyama lwesilinganiso static. Umzekelo i bob, nto leyo warhoxiswa ngomsonto, yaye ukuba amsunduze ukucela inkqubo lokungcangcazela.

Okunye indawo ebalulekileyo ingcamango emzimbeni inikwa isifundo efumaneka eyaziwa ngokuba intlokoma harmonic. Uphononongo bemvelo yabo njengokuba ixesha yaye yakha isiseko theoretical apho isifundo isekelwe kwiimeko ezithile lweenkqubo oscillatory - ezizezi, kwazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo - ubucukubhede, umbane, utshintshwano imichiza kunye nezenzo.

Ukuchaza nokwakheka oscillations harmonic kwi parameters lusetyenziswayo ezifana ixesha kunye rhoqo.

Ngokusekelwe ngaphambili ziqulunqwe ngoluvo lethu ukuba kukho uhlobo imodeli jikelele-Injongo ukuhamba iinkqubo oscillatory, kwaye zenza ukuba kwisigqibo malunga ubukho amaxabiso athile jikelele ukuba abonakalise ezi ukuhla. Ngenxa yoko, i parameters ekhankanywe - ixesha kunye rhoqo uphawu zonke iintlobo oscillations, kungakhathaliseki umthombo kwisizukulwana, kunye engqonge kwazo.

Amaza lixabiso oluninzi ebonisa inani amaxesha kangangexesha elithile, i wenyama inkqubo ezenziwa nokutshintsha imeko yayo eme ndawonye wabuyela kuye. Umzekelo, uyakwazi ukubala inani lamaxesha bob jinga emva singasebenza kude ime.

Ixesha le nkqubo iza kubonisa ixesha apho sinker iyanxaxha ukusuka kwindawo yoqobo kwaye ibuyisela ekhayeni oscillation omnye.

Ngokuhlola oscillations harmonic, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ixesha kunye amaza njongo inxulunyaniswe yi indlela ngokubanzi, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kugqiba igrafu oscillations harmonic. Ukuze siqonde ntoni na ngakumbi nangengqwalasela enkulu, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho nezinye izingqinisiso parametric - awo, isigaba, umjikelo rhoqo. ukusebenzisa kwabo ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ukuchaza iinkqubo oscillatory netrigonometri. Ifomula zixhaphakileyo yokwakha igrafu limi ngolu hlobo: s = A isono (ωt + α). Le fomyula ebizwa kwakhona inxaki of oscillations harmonic ivumela ukwakha lomsebenzi inkqubo oscillation, leyo ekwimo yayo elula a sinusoid oluqhelekileyo. Kulo mzekelo ungentla ifomula, le okuza α kwaye ω zibonisa kanye oko kuyimfuneko ukwenza uguqulo ukusuka sinusoid ukubonisa inkqubo oscillatory ethile.

Kuba ngakumbi complex isimo oscillatory inkcazelo inzima ngokwendalo graphic. Le ingxaki kungenxa ngempembelelo ezimbini eziphambili:

- uhlobo nkqubo, oko kukuthi, yintoni uphonononga ukuhla - mechanical, umoya, okanye ezinye elibujikele;

- eliphakathi ngaphakathi apho uzikise kwaye ziphunyezwe ngezimanga oscillatory - umoya, amanzi okanye ngenye indlela.

Ezi zinto zinefuthe kakhulu onke Ipharamitha kakubani inkqubo jinga.