Zesayensi Famous. zesayensi zenyukliya Famous

Ukufunda imithetho yendalo indoda ixakekile amawaka eliqela kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ukungabikho kwezixhobo kuyimfuneko, lo ubuzwilakhe yonqulo, ukufikelela kunzima imfundo kubantu ngaphandle karhulumente ebalulekileyo - konke oku ayeke inkqubela yengcinga yenzululwazi. zesayensi abaziwayo ehlabathini lonke bakwazi ukufunda ukudlulisa njani ulwazi phezu imigama emide, umbane ukufumana, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ngawaphi amagama ibaluleke kakhulu eli bali? Sibala ezinye iingcali baziincamisa.

Albert Einstein

-Nzulu elizayo wazalwa ngoMatshi 1879 kwisixeko Ulm, eJamani. Albert ookhokho wayehlala Swabia, iminyaka elikhulu embalwa, kwaye yena ngokwakhe de imihla embalwa yokugqibela uye wagcina kwisikhumbuzo ilifa labo - bathi ngokundibamba ngendlela langasezantsi waseJamani. Abafundileyo esikolweni iintsomi uze esikolweni apho ukususela ekuqaleni okukhethwayo ngenzululwazi yendalo kunye nenzululwazi eziphakamileyo,. Ngo-16 ubudala kwakhe kakuhle yonke into efunekayo ukuze ukwamkelwa eyunivesithi, kodwa zange ukumelana iimviwo ngolwimi. Sekunjalo, kungekudala waba ngumfundi Polytechnic University Zurich. ootitshala yakhe zesayensi adumileyo kunye sezibalo ixesha, umzekelo, kaHermann Minkowski, lowo kwixesha elizayo uya kuza kunyuka ndlela ogqibeleleyo kokuvakaliswa kwengcamango kwezinto. Amaxesha amaninzi, Einstein ndayichitha elebhu, okanye ukufunda imisebenzi Maxwell, Kirchhoff kunye nezinye iingcali eziphambili entsimini. Emva kokufunda kwexesha elithile Albert wayengumfundisi, yaye kamva waba ofisi ingcali patent yobugcisa kule minyaka apho wapapasha emininzi imisebenzi yakhe edumileyo, kumzukisa kuye ehlabathini. Walitshintsha abantu babecinga Kwakuba kuhambe indlela ifomula uguqulela ubunzima ibe luhlobo lwamandla, waza wafunda ngokunzulu physics eziphilayo. impumelelo yakhe kungekudala wawongwa ngeMbasa kaNobel, yaye nzulu wafudukela US, apho wayesebenza kude kube sekufeni kwakhe.

Nikola Tesla

Le Umsunguli uBukhosi Austria-Hungarian, mhlawumbi yamachiza idumileyo ehlabathini. ubhalo ome kunye kwesayensi bamenza adumileyo kunye waphefumlela ababhali eziliqela kunye nabavelisi ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokomfanekiso wakhe kumsebenzi wakhe. Wazalwa ngoJulayi ngo1856, kwaye ukususela esemncinane, kwakunye nezinye physics ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle, waqala ukubonisa utyekelo ukuyinyasha Sciences. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, wabhaqa lo mkhuba alternating, ukukhanya ezibengezelayo yangoku namandla transfer ngaphandle iingcingo, livelise remote control kunye indlela ngokuphatha umothuko, wenza iwotshi zombane, injini elanga, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezininzi ezizodwa, ezafumana amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Ukongeza, kukholelwa ukuba kwirediyo laye lasekwa eyaziwa physics Popov kunye Marconi, kodwa lokuqala kunjalo Tesla. amandla Modern zombane isekelwe kuphela impumelelo yakhe kunye ezifunyaniswe. Enye yee-experimenti ezininzi iphawulekayo Nikola yaba ukudluliswa ngeekhilomitha mahlanu yangoku. Wakwazi ukuba ubakhanyisele isibini sezibane ezilikhulu ngaphandle iingcingo, ukwakha inqaba enkulu Yaphaphazela imibane, neendudumo lavakala kulo lonke elumelwaneni kuyo. venture emangalisayo kunye oluyingozi baba bakhe uphawu. Ke kaloku, ifilim idla wabonisa ngulo ngamava ethile.

Isaak Nyuton

Abaninzi zesayensi ezaziwayo-kakuhle ziye zenza igalelo elibalulekileyo, kodwa Newton yaba uhlobo nguvulindlela. Imithetho yakhe isiseko izimvo ezininzi mihla, kwaye ngexesha ukufunyanwa kwazo uphuhliso olululo ngokwenene. Kwazalelwa edume eliNgesi ngo-1643. Ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuba unomdla physics kanye kule minyaka babhala imisebenzi kakuhle kwimathematika, ngeenkwenkwezi kunye yokukhanya. Wakwazi ukuba aseke imithetho ezisisiseko endalo, nto leyo ke nempembelelo kakhulu imisebenzi owayephila kuqala. Akumangalisi ukuba Isaak Nyuton usiwe kwi Royal Society of London, kwaye ixesha elithile, kunye nomongameli yayo.

Lev Andau

Njengabanye zesayensi ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle, Andau ibonakala ngokucacileyo ngokwayo kwinkalo theoretical component. Isazinzulu Legendary yiSoviet wazalwa ngoJanuwari 1908, kusapho wenjineli kunye nogqirha. Yena ngobuciko kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo yaye babhalise Baku eyunivesithi, apho waqalisa ukufunda physics kunye chemistry. Iminyaka elinethoba sele ishicilelwe amaphepha ezine uphando. umsebenzi brilliant iye zanikelwa ukuba nasekufundweni ithi quantum kunye matrices ezixineneyo, kunye electrodynamics. Andau impumelelo ziye zanikwa i-Nobel Prize, ukongeza, isazinzulu eSoviet wafumana ezininzi Stalin Prize, uHero Socialist Yabasebenzi, yaba ilungu Wawongwa the Royal Society of London kunye nenani zezifundiswa amazwe of Sciences. Kusebenzisana kunye Heisenberg, uPauli kunye Bohr. nempembelelo Last Andau sinamandla kakhulu - iingcamango yakhe uvele kule mbono iimpawu kazibuthe electron simahla.

Dzheyms Maksvell

Ukwenza uluhlu, nto leyo iquka yemvelo edume kakhulu ehlabathini, bangabi sakhunjulwa igama. Dzheyms Klerk Maksvell wayengusosayensi British abasungula electrodynamics yamandulo. Wazalwa ngoJuni 1831, yaye th 1860 yaba lilungu le-Royal Society. Maxwell wadala laboratory physics lokuqala eli lizwe kunye nezixhobo yobungcali. Apho wafunda electromagnetism, ithiyori entshukumo gesi, optic, luthambe kunye nezinye izihloko. Yena ngowokuqala ukwazile ukwakha isixhobo umlinganiselo ubungakanani umbala, kamva ngokuba Maxwell disk. Xa ingcamango yakhe, eloba zonke izibakala eyaziwayo electrodynamics waza waqalisa ingqiqo ukubana ngoku, nto leyo elenza yintsimi ngemagnethi. Maxwell wavakalisa yonke imithetho kwi kwizibalo ezine. Uhlalutyo lwabo ivumela ukubonisa imithetho, ezibe ngaphambili ayaziwa.

Igor Kurchatov

A yamachiza ezaziwayo-kakuhle wenyukliya eSoviet Union Kwakhona kufanele kuphawulwe. Igor Kurchatov elinywa eCrimea, apho waphumelela kwisikolo esiphakamileyo kunye neyunivesithi. Ukususela ngowe-1924 waqalisa ukusebenza njengoko umncedisi leSebe Physics of Azerbaijan Polytechnic Institute, yaye kamva kunyaka yena eqeshiweyo eLeningrad. Kuba ukufunda ngempumelelo dielectrics kwakhe wawongwa iqondo zemfundo ngugqirha. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, sele ngowe-1939 owayefakwa ukusebenza cyclotron kulo. Igor Kurchatov wakhokela umsebenzi ngayo yenyukliya wakhokela iprojekthi Soviet atomic. isityalo samandla enyukliya yokuqala yavulwa phantsi kwakhe. Kurchatov wadala yiSoviet okuqala atomic hydrogen. Kuba impumelelo yayo bafumana amabhaso karhulumente eziliqela kunye neembasa.