Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - a Cossack Republic

Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - iseli esinqatyisiweyo nereestrovogo imikhosi Zaporozhye (ezantsi) kwisiqingatha sesibini XVI ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Kuye esemva enemisinga ye Dnieper kwisiqithi Khortytsya. indalo yayo yaba negalelo ukudityaniswa kwe-Ukrainian Cossacks. Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi baphenjelelwa ngamandla ukuyilwa ukuqonda Cossacks kunye ukuveza kubume bombutho. Gcina ulwazi malunga ezisixhenxe Sechah ukuba ngokungatshintshiyo mzuzu. Sizama ukuqonda ukuba nempembelelo ngakumbi indlela umlando Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi, idale ukuba yintoni na yaye yintoni injongo.

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Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - le inqaba siqithi, nto leyo Wayengqongwe kwenqaba kunye palisades. Apha lokubiyela kwakukho imipu. Phakathi imigodi uye kwindawo ebanzi, apho ingekavunwa enqabeni yomkhosi edge-ukutshaya apho wayehlala Cossack Zaporozhtzi. Kwinkampu ke, Into endiyenzayo amawaka. Ngamanye amaxesha inani yafikelela amashumi amawaka. abasebenzi abasisigxina ogama Kosh. Kwi indawo kananjalo ibe ecaweni, esikolweni, ndlu amagosa aphezulu, yomkhosi izakhiwo. Isinxibelelanisi niyitempile Virgin oyiNgcwele kunye njengongaphantsi nabefundisi ukuba Kiev-Mezhyhirska Archimandrite. Ibala elivulekileyo kufuphi icawa yaba liziko kubomi nezopolitiko Zaporozhye Sech. Kwakukho amabhunga ziqhutywe kunye neendibano.

Kuba emigodini yaba Bazaar, apho abarhwebi beza kunye nempahla zabo. Isinxibelelanisi bathengise imveliso yabo apho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko umdlalo, intlanzi. Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - intsimi leyo ekuqaleni free ngokupheleleyo amandla abaqeshisi. Yeenkosi ngamakhoboka bezingekho. Ubudlelwane phakathi sechevikov eningayakhanga yi kokokunyanzelwa njengesiqhelo, kodwa qho zezivumelwano. Indoda nganye ekhululekile. Encotsheni Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi, Kakade ke, waba nelungelo. amagosa aphezulu kaninzi baba abanini ubusika enkulu, zokusila amanzi, neenkomo iinkomo njalo njalo. N.

abasemagunyeni ukhetho

Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - umbutho lamabutho kunye uluhlu ecacileyo ngamandla. Ngaphandle kokuba wonke Cossack ezamahala, ngokwentlalo isekhona. phoyisa Rich bathobela ngobuninzi sechevikov kakuhle. Phakathi kwamaqela eklasini umaleko yabanini ezincinane - abakumgangatho ophakathi. Ukususela phakathi Cossacks abazizityebi akhethwe okuthandwayo ngenxa kwincam, elijolise ngamandla yolawulo ezandleni zabo. Yena ndiziphethe umkhosi nokulawula imali amelwe Sitch e ubudlelwano nayo.

Nangona ilungelo lokuvota zeeforimani Cossack ngamnye phantse wayefuna izigqibo kakuhle ngokwabo. Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - imfundo, ekuthiwa Cossack republic.

Isinxibelelanisi Society bohlulwa ukutshaya. Igunya elongamileyo yaba iBhunga Cossack, leyo wathetha miba ibalulekileyo. Yonke le nto wathabatha inxaxheba isinxibelelanisi. Kwaba kukhona elimkhethileyo ataman. Symbol kunye okufanayo ukususa kuye ofisi. Xa sechevikov waba kwinkundla yakhe. Kwakukho ikhowudi kwenkqubo yenkundla kunye necala. Kuba iye yeba kumakholwane, abangaswele kuthobela mntu kunye nokuqhayisa ukuya umyalelo ephakamileyo, ngokudlwengula abasetyhini ngexesha leli phulo (kwinkampu bekungekho abafazi), sodomy kunye namanye amatyala ingaba isigqibo senkundla alahlekelwe iintloko zabo.

ukubunjwa

Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi - indawo apho eninzi nqgo imfundo. Ngokuba abantwana kwizikolo Cossack isetyenziswa yi amabandla. Apho bafundiswa ukufunda nokubhala umculo, ukucula, kunye nabanye. Enye olubonisa uphuhliso lwezenkcubeko kweli isinxibelelanisi yaba nentlonelo iincwadi, ethathelwe ingqalelo nexabiso elikhulu. Ukuthenga kubo kuphela Cossacks atyebileyo. Le ncwadi igqalwa omnye ezona zipho zibalaseleyo. Kukholelwa ukuba ngemvelaphi elithi "isabhokhwe" - Slavic. It is a yemvelaphi "ukugxeka" - kokulwa, impi ngekrele. Igama elithi "isabhokhwe" kuba Cossacks Ukrainian iye kuhlangene enqabeni yabo kwisiqithi Khortytsya nakwezinye iindawo. Kuye laziwa ekhaya.

movie Cossacks

Zaporozhtsy wenza ulwandle kunye ukunyuka intaba ilizwe nezibonda, Turks, Tatar Muscovite. Kuba Russia and Poland isinxibelelanisi yaba ixesha elide yaye kwangaxeshanye counterweight lula umqobo nxamnye iCrimea AmaTatar naseTurkey. Nangona kunjalo, le Cossacks inkululeko-bothando baba ngokufuthi imfazwe nabo. Kuba nabalimi Ukrainian, leyo ngokumthi phantsi kwedyokhwe zezibonda, i isinxibelelanisi baba luphawu kumzabalazo ochasene labacinezeli.

Zaporozhtsy phila lonke umlimi luqhankqalazo ngokuchasene le iindwalutho Polish. Baba emkhosini kunye namandla okuqhuba. I Army likhokela Cossacks alawulwa abakhwele. Elwandle, beza izikhephe ezincinane - ekuthiwa-iti. Ngamnye kubo wagcinwa amajoni 50-70. Silindele inqanawa yaya ataman kunye neflegi. Zonke Cossack yambethe ngekrele, waba imipu ezimbini, wathwala neekhilogram ezintandathu wompu, ngumongo ngenxa nesangxa, ubephethe Nuremberg ikota yesangqa ukuqhelwaniswa.

Le ukutshona isinxibelelanisi

Emva iimfazwe Russian-Turkish kwinkulungwane XVIII, apho Cossacks nayo yathatha inxaxheba ngakwicala Russia, iye yafakwa eCrimea kunye nonxweme Sea Black sele iphumelele. Le emngciphekweni wentshabalalo yangoko nangoko ukusuka Turks and AmaTatar kubukhosi wanyamalala. Kweli xesha kwakukho umonakalo yemvukelo Pugachev, leyo ndoyika kakhulu uCatherine II. Lost ukubaluleka yezobupolitika Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi kunye enabanumzana wakhe ukuba umphathi nobangela ingozi. Ezi zizathu kwakhokelela impahla yayo. Emva kokuba kuthinjwe inqaba kwi Khortitsa inkoliso Cossacks ayephinde ukuya Kuban kunye Don.