Khortytsya Island kunye nembali yayo. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo neefoto wesiqithi Khortytsya

Khortytsya kakhulu enxibelelene ne kwimbali Zaporizhzhya Cossacks. Lelona siqithi sikhulu emlanjeni, kungekuphela nje eUkraine kodwa eYurophu. Umntu bahlala apha ukusuka kudaladala: i imizila yokuqala kokuhlala yakhe ukuba BC III kwiwaka.

Namhlanje, yonke yesikolo Ukrainian uyazi, apho umlambo i kwisiqithi Khortytsya. Dnepr - umzila inkulu ke lulolona lubalulekileyo Ukraine. Oku lijelo engundoqo yeNavigeyishini, oko kubangela izityalo ezintandathu amandla ngamanzi. Sekunjalo, le ingaka ibatsalayo ibalulekileyo wengingqi inqaba Ukrainian Cossacks. Kude kube namhlanje Khortitsa walondoloza izithethe kunye ezikhumbuzo ukuze asizisele elikhulu embalwa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, yaye babonise waphila ngayo reestrovtsy.

North Khortytsya

Owayemdala izityalo amandla hydro ezintandathu - Zaporozhye Dnieper - ukwakhiwa ngowe-1932 kwaye isebenza kwi ngokupheleleyo ngo-1939. Kumathambeka yomntla siqithi Khortytsya umbono omangalisayo kwedama. Apha lo mhlaba ubukhulu becala engumnqantsa: rocks Nyengane maxa wambi kuvela ukuya kwiimitha 40-50 ngaphezu kwamanzi.

Kule nxalenye wesiqithi izele grottos, nemiqolomba, ukuze kuvuleke ezinkulu nezincinane, apho umntu akwazi ukuhamba phantsi emanzini. Kumntla - ". Embundwini womnyango" i Museum of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, umboniso "Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi", elivulwe ngo-2009, engcwele, "Tarasova Thunga" kwaye umzila wokunyuka intaba

South Khortytsya

Engasezantsi indawo afumileyo, i izikhukhula, wadala amawaka eminyaka Dnieper nzima yhuu. Apha elunxwemeni lungqamane kunye coves eziliqela chweba. umlambo ngokwalo imihlaba echumayo kuba nzima ngakumbi iintlobo enezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngaphambili, ethetha ngetyholo, imithi, iingcongolo kunye nengca waneka ukusuka siqithi Khortytsya ukuya Kherson kunye Zaporizhia ayebizwa Enkulu basike.

Kwezi ndawo wayebhula Protolchy Ford, apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuba afudukele kwezinye kwibhanki enye ukuya phezulu na ukuma ngeenyawo zakho ezimanzi, okanye esinqeni-nzulu emanzini. Konke oku ubungangamsha nakala wangcwatywa emazantsi amadama Kakhovka ekwakhiweni kwesinye isikhululo samandla ngamanzi. ugesi ngamanzi iinzame ezibambeneyo ukuvelisa% 8 kuphela umbane kweli lizwe kwaye umthombo Usongo kokusingqongileyo.

reserve

Namhlanje, ngasemazantsi isiqithi Khortytsya kubaluleke kakhulu ulondolozo zasendle le Dnieper. amachibi emihlanu yamandulo enesiqingatha ukuya kwamachibi amancinci zokuhlola kunye zokupaka i yindawo ekhuselekileyo ukulungiselela iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo: neenyibiba, neenyibiba zamanzi, chestnuts amanzi, iris, iingcongolo, njl Apha lifumaneka omfisi incinane ehlabathini - Salvinia ezidadayo ...

Xa amanzi abanobubele ye kumazantsi Hortitsa ujungujungu iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-50 iintlanzi, indlwane iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-120 zeentaka (nangona kuzo zonke Ukraine nje kwama-300), kwatyatyamba malunga 30 iintlobo ezincancisayo ezincinane.

Isimo lesiqithi karhulumente reserve Khortytsya wabuyela 1965. Ngaphambi koko, njengento lesikhumbuzo yasekuhlaleni (1958) kunye kazwelonke (1963) amaxabiso. Emva ukuzimela, urhulumente Ukrainian enikezele ubume siqithana epakini kazwelonke (1993).

Ngokwembono umsebenzi ulondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo kubaluleke kakhulu: akukho kukhula iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-560 izityalo zasendle. Island uvalelwe isithuba inani ezinjalo omkhulu.

Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

Of umdla mkhulu kwimbali yesiqithi Khortytsya, ezinxulumene ikakhulu kunye Zaporozhye Cossacks. Prince Vishnevetskii, iculwa lwemveli phantsi igama Baida, ngenkulungwane XVI, uye wahlanganisa ngezigaba Cossack saa wakha phezu kwisiqithi esincinane kufutshane (Small Khortytsya) nqaba eyenzelwe ukukhusela imida karhulumente Polish-Lithuanian. Oku kucingwa ukuba kwase of the Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi, ezavela kuphela 1593. Ngowe-1557-m inqaba yawa - Khan Devlet Giray, iindlela iindonga zayo ngoJanuwari, ayiphumelelanga zokungqinga imini-24 abazange beze uloyiso. Waye kakade ekwindla ka wezifundo kwaye zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo inqaba.

Phambi lomqhubi Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi Khortytsya siqithi nezabelo izinto zakhe. Ngoko ke amaphulo zabo Taras Tryasilo, Ivan Sirko, Sulima, melly Khmelnitsky.

Dnieper wayenothotho

ukubunjwa Military esesiphelweni Empire na amagunya ezimnandi kakhulu engundoqo. Xa yinxalenye abaphathi inkxaso Hetman Mazepa kwintetho yakhe anti-Russian kwi ecaleni balwa, ngo-1709 zonke Zaporizhzhya isinxibelelanisi wabhengezwa indlwane of abancethezi wabatshabalalisa, elingazange zamthintela Cossacks ukwenza kwicala isithsaba Russian kwi imfazwe baseTurkey.

Ngowe-1737 kwagqitywa ukwakha nokulungisa iinqanawa elitsha: War ngokupheleleyo, neenqanawa Russian akakwazanga ukumelana ohamba Dnieper. Ngo 1739 kufutshane nesiqithi Khortytsya wayemi fleet Russian emkhosini, uniko manani, neenqanawa malunga namakhulu amane.

Ngowe-1998, kufuphi nonxweme safumana umzimba Cossack ama, leyo wasuswa esikhundleni Dnieper ngalo nyaka. Ngo-2007, siye bazisa kumphezulu afumaneka brigantine efanayo. inqanawa ezimbini yamandulo yaba sisiseko lokuququzelela Museum sesikweni le Dnieper wayenothotho, ibekwe emazantsi esi siqithi.

Museum of History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks ikakhulu phantsi ukuvula ngo-1983 I-myuziyam kwisiqithi Khortytsya. Igumbi ithatha malunga 1600 yezikwere kwaye ihonjiswe pretty engancumisiyo. Zazizaliswe kweendonga Nyengane ukudala ifuthe lokuba kukho umqolomba komhlaba. Bona wasixhoma ecaleni izinto ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha amandulo. Izibane ngokubanzi ayikho eqaqambileyo, zikhanyiswe iitafile kuphela kunye imiboniso, uninzi lwazo zifumaneka kwi-siqithi kwakunye kufutshane.

Apha ziqokelelwe iintsalela izixhobo amatye yamandulo, zomdongwe, iingceba iimpahla ezindala, imifanekiso, izinto zasekhaya nomphakathi. Le myuziyam ubonisa nesiqu Bog oki, balele kwi ezantsi Dnieper iwaka embalwa iminyaka. Of abanomdla lemifanekiso ukuba ityhila imbali milestones enkulu kummandla Zaporizhzhya: "Idabi yokugqibela Svyatoslav" (ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, iNkosana Kiev wabulawa ndaye ndisesiqithini), "IBhunga Military kule nkampu," "Night kuhlaselwa ngumkhosi yiSoviet e Zaporozhye (14/10/1943 uMnu .) "," ukwakhiwa Dnieper. "

Abahambi kwi inqaku

Ehlotyeni myuziyam livulwa 9-00 ukuya 19-00, ebusika - ukususela 9-00 ukuya 16-00. NgeMivulo, ayikasebenzi, kufuneka kukhunjulwe engqondweni xa uhlela uhambo ukuya kwisiqithi Khortytsya. Uhambo ezinikezelwa yi-National Reserve, umdla nezohlukeneyo. Namhlanje, kukho malunga neshumi elinesibini spiral ukhenketho ukunyuka intaba jikelele siqithi, elingcwele, amaphepha awahlukeneyo imbali yayo.

Ukuba akukho umnqweno kwimizuzu 45-90 abahambayo sikhokelo ngeenyawo, kukho ithuba loku-odola ukhenketho ibhasi elide iiyure 2.5 kwi emazantsi esi siqithi. Reserve uthembisa yinto emnandi kwaye ulwazi leengcaphephe abanezakhono kakhulu ekuhlaleni. siqithi Popular kunye abantwana ukuba matinee akhethekileyo. Ngexesha malyshnya kwabo ukonwabisa kuphela, kodwa kananjalo aqhelane kwimbali ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe.

"Zaporozhye"

A kwindawo ebonakalayo phakathi ezinomtsalane isiqithi ubambe entsonkothileyo zembali yenkcubeko "Zaporozhye", elaqala ngo-2004. Inxalenye izakhiwo ngexesha bhanya ye iqale "Taras Bulba". Ngo-2009, i-complex kwavuleka ukufika kwabakhenkethi.

Iziko kwe mboniso kukho ibandla elincinane oqingqiweyo ka iNtombi oyiNgcwele, nto leyo ebekwa yi uphahla ezintathu. Zizonke engamashumi amabini anesithathu izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo ukuba angenise iindwendwe ukuya ngaphakathi Cossack lwezindlu, amaziko ezisemthethweni kunye emfundo, yokucima yemveli, ngasendlwini yezikrweqe. Lo mboniso lonke lahlulahlulwe Cauchy enkabeni, leyo, ngelishwa, kanti ukuba bathinjwe zizo abonakalisi beprophathi mihla. Le lali singqongwe ezitsolo ezinde iwotshi ezintathu, umsele kunye wongqameko zodongwe.

Iivenkile engcwele amasiko Cossack nabeengingqi zeMidlalo yokuQabela Ithiyetha (ise emazantsi siqithi Khortytsya). Apha kusebenza ivenkile mkhandi, bethengisa njengezikhumbuzo, rhoqo kukho izinto ezenziwa umdla yeqonga: umdaniso, imilo isitayile ngekrele, bonisa abakhweli zabo aneziphiwo zobugcisa. Theatre unika ngomdlalo rhoqo ICC "Zaporozhye."

Akukho Cossacks eyodwa

On inqaku eyahlukileyo, ukuba Cossacks ayizange ide ifikelele ubutyebi yembali kwezi ndawo - Khortytsya siqithi, ogama ezinika baninzi, kuhlale ngabantu kumaxesha angaphambili.

Kwiminyaka 1976-1980 kwisiqithi lwaqhutywa ngabembi zakudala apho kwafunyanwa yokuhlala wamajoni X-XIV iinkulungwane emazantsi. Ezafunyanwa ngamnye - izixhobo, iiseramikhi - lubonisa ukuba yokuhlala nokuba yamandulo ngakumbi. Namhlanje kwisayithi wavula isikhumbuzo yokhenketho "Protovche zokuhlala".

amangcwaba zamaSkitiya

Baye bashiya uphawu zabo siqithi, yaye amaSkitiya. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, kwakukho 129 iindonga. Mdala kubo bangamalungu yeBronzi Age (III leminyaka BC. E.). Zokungqinga ebekwe ecaleni ekuthiwa ngendlela amaSkitiya. ukuba Wabaleka ngoko nangoko kwindawo ephakamileyo wesiqithi Khortytsya. Namhlanje, iindonga zokungqinga elinanye ezihlaziyiweyo, ihonjiswe ngamatye kunye stelae ngobhedu broads. Omnye wabo okulungileyo ecaleni Museum of imbali Cossacks.

-Memorial yokhenketho "Zorov Grave" ( "inkampu nabaphantsi"), azinikele imbali kwiphepha zamaSkitiya kuthatha malunga ezintlanu hectares kwaye ibandakanya omnye mboniso umdla, nto leyo enomtsalane siqithi Khortytsya - museum eqingqiweyo ngamatye. Apha ungabona imisebenzi wezandla zabantu, nto leyo ngaphezu kwewaka leminyaka. Ngoko ke, ukuba athethe, ukuyiphatha bazise etyeni Gaumont kwiinkulungwane.

Taras Shevchenko

Ngehlobo lowe-1843 Khortytsya batyelela Taras Shevchenko oneminyaka eli-29 ubudala. Kunye kwamakhulu asixhenxe lenyengane, apho oqingqiweyo imigca ukusuka imisebenzi Kobzar Enkulu, leyo kubhekisela siqithi Khortytsya usebenzisa ethnographers wayezimisele indlela yokuhamba kwakhe, ezilungiswe kunye Zaporozhye Great Meadow. Nabani na ukuhamba emanyathelweni imbongi ukonwabele ezisingqongileyo kunye indlela eziphilayo "phezu embundwini."

Khortytsya namhlanje - lweholide siqithi okuyinto ethandwa kungekuphela phakathi balapha. Kumnandi kakhulu, cwaka, nokuba seluxolweni. Ukusuka emantla-mpuma kunxweme Dnieper ibonakala, kwaye kufuphi kwinkcazelo "Zaporozhye" kulingisa yinqaba eqhelekileyo Cossack of XVI-XVIII iinkulungwane. Kukho ukuziva phantse eyimfihlakalo ukuba kwi umda phakathi elidlulileyo nelizayo.

Amabali neentsomi wesiqithi Khortytsya

Phantse wonke rock okanye emqolombeni siqithi ilivo yayo. Ukuze isixelela ntoni ngamnye kubo, kwakuza kudlula ixesha elininzi. Unomdla kwimbali yeempungutye emqolombeni, ichazwa yi nguHerodotus. Uthi, ijeli ye-mhlaba omlingo (mbali badla ukukholelwa ukuba lo nguye Enkulu Meadow Zaporozhye) neqhawe wadibana omhle inyoka-amantombazana. Ke kwenzeka ukuba uthando kumqolomba enye, umnyango emxinwa apho kunokubonwa efotweni yesiqithi Khortytsya, eyenziwe abalandeli imidlalo eyingozi. Fumana ukuba kunzima kakhulu.

omnye koonyana amathathu hero yesiGrike ubuhle bendawo kuphela ikwazile ukuba ukugoba isaphetha utata yobugorha bakhe, wabizwa ngokuba Skif. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, umfanekiso-Ntombi Snakes azenzeki phezu kwamakhulu ilitye le-siqithi, yaye imvelaphi yabo kunokuba mfiliba.

Kamva, abantu bahlala emqolombeni odumileyo Inyoka Gorynycha - it ngokuyilahlela ngamatye amaqhawe akazange afune ukuhamba naye yedwa, waza wadala eziliqela kwiziqithi Dnieper kwaye nkqu ohamba dumeke.

iimfihlelo imilingo wesiqithi

Kukho kwi Khortitsa kunye into sabaxhasi umdla esotericism - ilitye elikhulu enobunzima quintals ezintlanu ukuya kwezintandathu, ibingaziswa yi glacier, ibingaziswa evela kwabanye abantu. Nakowuphi na umzekelo, oku uhlobo akukho okufana kule ndawo: ummandla ekufutshane apho kwenzeka - kummandla IDonetsk. YiBoulder oluphahlwe imigca oqingqiweyo, ngokucacileyo edla esandleni somntu. Yintoni na le leta kwaye nokuba uvakalelwa akukho bani owaziyo kakuhle. Kukholelwa ukuba ilitye bafaniswe ubonisa intlanzi (CARP) bakhonza njengoko abantu bamandulo nje into elithile. Gossip amnike ilitye amandla omlingo ezinako "okuwisa 'sifo yabantu.

Ngoko ke, lo siqithi Khortytsya umdla kakhulu, abazizityebi kunye izinto namabali. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo, kusekude ukuba kusifanele. Ndifuna ukuba ixesha elichanekileyo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, qiniseka ukuba batyelele le ndawo. ithamsanqa!