Yintoni na le nto enomthetho kuphela iphiramidi eziphilayo? Imithetho eziphilayo

Yintoni na le nto enomthetho kuphela iphiramidi eziphilayo, kwakunye nokubaluleka kwayo kuphuhliso lweentlobo? Lo ngumbuzo umdla kakhulu, nto leyo kufuneka kujongwane nayo, ukuba ufuna ukubala ukuba ingakanani eziphilayo ezithile ukumelana kwindawo ethile. Ngoko ke yintoni na ngumongo kwimithetho iphiramidi eziphilayo?

ulwazi jikelele

Yintoni ngumongo imithetho iphiramidi eziphilayo nento fanekisela? Ekuqaleni, kufuneka ubonise ukuba njalo kuxokwa-imifuziselo ezithile angamelwa ngokwegrafu (njengoko triangles). Zibonisa iimpawu lwamanani abantu kweentlobo ezithile, isixa ngolunya, abayenze, okanye amandla kwi ethile kwinqanaba trophic. A phawu olulodwa kule ndlela kukuba zonke izalathisi eziwa njengoko lift ngaphezu nxantathu. Ngaloo ndlela kunokwenzeka kuligweba njani abantu abaninzi kwezinto eziphilayo ezithile khona kwindawo ethile. Kukho iindidi ezintathu ezingundoqo iiphiramidi eziphilayo. Bona ingahluka ngenxa osuswe njengomba systemic. Ngoko ke yintoni na ngumongo kwimithetho iphiramidi eziphilayo ngamnye kubo? Oku ukuba sizakuxoxa ngoku.

iphiramidi kwamanani

Ijolise ukubonakalisa inani eziphilayo ngabanye ziyathandwa kwinqanaba elithile. Ethetha kakuhle eli imithetho iphiramidi eziphilayo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba le ndlela kunqabile kusetyenziswa ngenxa yokuba kukho inani elikhulu labantu kwi amanqanaba trophic nzima mapping isakhiwo uluntu eziphilayo ngaphakathi isikali enye.

Ukuze siqonde ngcono oko, makhe sihlolisise umzekelo omnye. Masithi sinawo iphiramidi. Eziqinileyo yi zaliwaka iitoni yengca. Yonke le ubunzima amakhulu ezigidi okanye ezigidi yabe yengca. Kukudla for banjengeentethe. Ukusebenzisa le mali kwengca, zingatya elinesihlanu million izinambuzane. Nabo ke, uya ukondla amasele amawaka mahlanu. Le mali ngokwaneleyo ukugcina abantu emhlabeni nasemanzini echibini ezimakhulu mathathu trout. Ukuba iintlanzi umntu ziya kufumaneka ukusetyenziswa, ngoko oku kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuba unyaka omnye kuphela. Yiloo nto ulawulo iphiramidi eziphilayo. Yintoni ngumongo? Isibakala sokuba ubungakanani kwisiseko nokwalekwa kwamantloko iyahluka kakhulu. Yintoni zaliwaka iitoni yengca? Ukuba umbhali abazange balahlekelwe ithuba cinga ngayo - eekhilogram kwesigidi. Ukuziqhelisa, le ndlela kunokwenzeka rhoqo ukuqonda umnyinyiva. Ngoko ke, ukuba lo mthi. Kuwo baphile izinambuzane olwaye lwamfimfitha. Yaye sele basebenzisa iintlobo ezithile zeentaka. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amanani iphiramidi iza kukhangeleka ngathi whirligig. Qhubeka ukuze imodeli elilandelayo.

iphiramidi ngolunya

Kulo mzekelo umlinganiselo Yancinwa phakathi abathengi kunye nabavelisi, leyo yayisekelwe ubunzima (umxholo amandla, iyonke ubunzima owomileyo, njalo njalo). Kwiimeko apho eziphilayo ayafana ngobukhulu, imveliso ifunyenwe ekulungiseleleni lo Inyathelo Oomasinyusane, ogama tip iingqameko. Kukho ukufana kunye nemveliso lo msebenzi.

Ngoko ke, cinga intsimi elimlinganiselo enkulu. Ubunzima inkulu iya kuba apha kwizityalo, ezo abalimi. Ngoko kukho consuments umyalelo wokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ungulates. Emva kwabo sele carnivores lokuqala, okanye consuments umyalelo wesibini. Kwaye njalo-njalo. Kwangaxeshanye, kungona simi ke encinane nobunzima esiphilayo square metre nganye iya kuba. Apha, umzekelo, ingonyama - irhamncwa onamandla yingozi. Kodwa apha uzama ukufumana indawo kwi sisigubungelo! Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ubunzima layo lingaphantsi ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphezu ubunzima yengca square metre nganye. Lo mgaqo phantse ngaphandle kokukhetha isebenza nezilwanyana.

Kodwa kwendawo zasemanzini lwezinto eziphilayo ingafumaneka ngaphezulu kwaye zocaphulo (zijonge) iphiramidi ngolunya. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, abavelisi zinobunzima obungaphantsi kwama consuments, yaye ngakumbi eziphilayo. Kumabala kukho izilwanyana hayi nezityalo. Njani Ikhangeleka ngokwenyani? Kukho ezinye izinto eziphilayo ngathi izilwanyana. Ubunzima ogcweleyo kudla ngaphantsi kunolo abasebenzisi zooplankton kunye nesiphelo ezifana squid, intlanzi enkulu kunye whales. Kodwa oku uyahlawulwa imveliso yelizwe.

iphiramidi energy

Esi sisihlandlo sokugqibela, imodeli wesithathu. It ubonisa ixabiso amandla flow i ngokohlobo izinga kunobukhulu nokuwela kwikhonkco lokutya. Oku kusekelwe phezu kwingxelo ebangel 'umdla. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo biocenosis le ndlela eba negalelo kakhulu akukho isixa esiqingqiweyo wamandla, kwaye izinga isizukulwana ukutya. Yintoni umthetho yephiramidi ngokubanzi eziphilayo? Yintoni ngumongo? Isiseko kufuneka izityalo eluhlaza. Kwaye xa kukho intshukumo phezulu, ngoko ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba unciphisa umlinganiselo wamandla ukuba kufakwe. Nanku umthetho seepesenti ezilishumi. Yiloo nto ke kwinqanaba elilandelayo udlula% 10 kuphela se-eneji ndiyakunika. indlela jikelele kule imeko kukuba eliphezulu simi, imali ngaphantsi wamandla ibonakala. Ngenxa kule ezinkulu ezizingelayo kwaye kunqabile kakhulu. Ngoko ke, akukho namnye owondla iingcuka okanye iingonyama kuba bambalwa.

Okukodwa

Kakade ke, ulwazi izakubonisa kuphela umfanekiso jikelele. Yaye ilungele ngokuphelele konke omnye umlinganiselo nangoku ayikho imfuneko. imodeli nganye Okukodwa yayo nokusetyenziswa, umhlobo iinkcukacha ngakumbi leyo endinga ifomati eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ngaphezu nqaku. ingqalelo Uninzi kufuneka ihlawulwe iphiramidi amandla, njengoko umgaqo ishumi ekhulwini isetyenziswa apha kuphela nje ukulekelela generalizing lo mzuzu.

isiphelo

Oko kuza lufikelele esiphelweni eli nqaku, nto leyo yayigqalwa sisixhobo esibalulekileyo le Ukulinganisa. Ngoku, ukuba kukho umbuzo: "Yintoni na le nto enomthetho kuphela iphiramidi eziphilayo, cacisa" - oko akuthethi ukuba koqiniso kwaye na onokumxelela kwangoko ukuba yintoni na. Ngenxa le modeli kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba lula ukuba ayenze ikoloni ngempumelelo kwezinye iiplanethi, ukuhlola iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo isithuba kwaye wenze okuninzi nezinye izinto. Eneneni, kulo mzekelo, sinako ukubala ukuba abantu abaninzi baza kukwazi ukuba uhlala kwindawo ethile kwi kwisigaba ezithile zokuhlala.