Wenza i esephepheni ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo kwi computer njani?

Phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, ngenxa imfuneko lumelo olubonakalayo data, kuqalisa ukuhluma ikhowudi ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo. Namhlanje, thina sele asikwazi ukucinga ikhompyutha ngaphandle ziyabuyiseleka screen yinxalenye enkulu. izikrini Modern kunye esweni computer zahluke kakhulu ngamalungu wayo: umfanekiso kakhulu ngakumbi nemibala yaye zinjalo, imibala ezinzulu zizityebi - inkqubela ibonakala. Njani, ke, kukho ikhowudi ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo? Njengoko bomfanekiso ebekwe kwiskrini? Ukuze uqonde oku, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola umgaqo yokuguqulwa zedatha ifomati yedijithali ukurhoxiswa zabo ezilandelayo.
Njengoko sisazi, ulwazi ikhowudi - eli lixesha elide, kodwa kuyimfuneko inkqubo kakhulu, ukususela ikhompyutha isebenza kuphela ezineekhowudi machine. Ividiyo, umbhalo, imifanekiso - zonke ngendlela yedijithali iguqulelwa indibanisela amaqanda kunye nabo. Ingaba esephepheni njani ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo?

Ukuba ukhangela esweni kunye nokwanda phindene kalishumi, sinako ukubona ukuba le nkqubo ibandakanya iziqu ezininzi iiseli buxande okanye setyhula, abahamba ezintathu, ebizwa pixels. Kubonakala ukuba umfanekiso kwikhusi ayikho ngokwenene enye, oko yaphukile ibe amasuntswana ezininzi mancinane, zimiswe ngokwemigca. Loo mfanekiso kuthiwa bitmap. Pixels imibala ethile: obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (RGB-format). Ezinye imibala zikhutshwa xa kuxutywe. A pixel ukuba mhlawumbi .Yiyo okanye hayi (1 okanye 0). Ngaphezu koko, a nombala ethile inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani chweba yale amasuntswana nangoku eyabelwe ngakumbi. Isixa ulwazi abelwe pixel enye, ebizwa ubunzulu umbala (k). Ukusuka eli xabiso ixhomekeke kwinani imibala ukuba kungenziwa ebekwe kwiskrini (n). Kukho Ifomula inkcazelo yayo; n = 2k. Ngokusisiseko, ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo emelwe kwinguqulelo 8, 16, 24 okanye 32-bit, kuxhomekeke izixhobo zekhompyutha PC.
screens LCD Modern bayakwazi ukudlala imibala eziibhiliyoni ezi-4. Thelekisa, iminyaka engamashumi amathathu okanye amane eyadlulayo, ikhompyutha yaba zemibala ngemibala-16!

Umgangatho umfanekiso kwi kwikhusi kuxhomekeke nje kuphela inani lemibala iyavezwa, kwaye isisombululo sekhusi, kodwa kwakhona kwinani kunye abizwa ngokuthi "dpi" - inani pixels nganye unit ndawo. I ezincinane eli xabiso, i "grainy" ukufumana umfanekiso.

Coding ulwazi olukokuzotyiweyo kwakhona ikuvumela ukuba uguqule umfanekiso kwisakhelo yomzobo yesiboniso. umfanekiso Vector - indlela emele izinto usebenzisa iimilo ezilula zejometri: amanqaku, imigca, ezigoso, ezimacala maninzi. ukuma wabo kwikhusi buchazwa zilungelelanise, umbala kwakhona hlengiswa, nezinyuko wezintlu daka. Ngenxa nesakhiwo sayo, izixhobo ezininzi yenzelwe ukusebenza kunye ibitmaps, ngoko ngemizobo ukumelwa kumda wesangqa, ngokuqhelekileyo kwangaphambili, phambi kokuba isiboniso kusingathwa ziinkqubo ezizodwa.

Binary esephepheni ulwazi ngemizobo uhlobo lwetekisi yenziwa ngendlela efanayo njengoko encoding ividiyo kunye nomfanekiso.