Usebenziso ngekhowudi kolwazi kwi computer

Ikhompyutha - isixhobo ephucukileyo apho ungenza, ukuguqula, kwaye ukugcina ulwazi. Nangona kunjalo, le khompyutha ayisebenzi ngendlela eqondakalayo kakhulu kuthi - graphic, itekisi kunye data yamanani igcinwe njengoko amaqoqo yokubini amanani. Kweli nqaku siza kujonga indlela i enkhowudingi ulwazi kwisicatshulwa.

Ntoni kuthi na isicatshulwa ngekhompyutha - ulandelelwano zabalinganiswa. uphawu nganye imele ezithile amaqanda kunye nabo. Phantsi imifuziselo kwakuthetha kuphela hayi ongentla nabancinci oonobumba be Latin alfabhethi, kodwa iimpawu zokubhala, iimpawu arithmetic, abalinganiswa ezikhethekileyo, iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye nendawo.

encoding Binary kolwazi oye

Ngokucinezela isitshixo ethile kwi umlawuli lwangaphakathi ithumela isignali sombane aguqulwa ukuba code yokubini. Code into ifaniswe uphawu oluthile, nto leyo eboniswa eskrinini. Eziza kungeniswa oonobumba Latin kwi ASCII format yedijithali kwinkqubo yokufakwa ngamazwe zadalwa. Kufuneka 1 byte emazishicilelwe ngesimboli enye oko liquka ulandelelwano uphawu ezisibhozo amaqanda kunye nabo. Ukurekhodwa lokuphumla - ukususela 00000000 ukuya 11111111, okt iikhowudi ulwazi kwisicatshulwa usebenzisa le nkqubo ivumela ukuba kumela abalinganiswa 256. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kwanele.

ASCII yahlulwe ezimbini. Oonobumba bokuqala 127 (ukusuka 00000000 ukuya 01111111) ezi ngamazwe kwaye neempawu ezithile kunye oonobumba be-alfabhethi IsiNgesi. Isigaba sesibini - ukwandiswa (ukususela 10000000 ukuya 11111111) - yenzelwe ukumela oonobumba wesizwe, ukubhalwa yazo yahlukile kwisiLatini.

ulwazi umbhalo Ukhowudo kwi ASCII yakhelwe phezu umgaqo ngokulandelelana okwandayo, oko kukuthi, i-elikhulu ukulandelelana kwinani lonobumba, kokukhona ixabiso layo ASCII-khowudi. Amanani kunye inxalenye Russian ye kwetafile nakhelwe phezu efanayo.

Noko ke, kweli hlabathi kukho iintlobo ezininzi encoding iileta Cyrillic. Eyona oqhelekileyo - into Koi-8 (bit ezisibhozo-encoding ukuba sisetyenziswe kwi 70s kwi ruifitsirovannyh yokuqala Unix yokusebenza), ISO 8859-5 (eziveliswe International yokubekwa mgangathweni mnye kweelwimi Bureau), lo CP 1251 (ikhowudi ulwazi oye asetyenziswe namhlanje OS Windows), kwakunye 2-byte enkhowudingi ye Unicode, enokusetyenziselwa ukwazisa abalinganiswa 65.536. Loo ezahlukeneyo enkhowudingi ngenxa yokuba zaye zaphuhliswa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kuba iinkqubo zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo kunye nengqwalaselo ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoku, basoloko ubunzima xa betshintsha okubhaliweyo ukusuka kwenye eliphakathi ukuya kwenye - ukusuka nonokungangqinelani usebenzisa ikhowudi kwi umsebenzisi uya kubona iseti icon impenduka. njani ukulungisa le meko? KwiLizwi, umzekelo, xa uxwebhu livulekile, umyalezo malunga iingxaki umbhalo ukubonisa kwaye inikeza iindlela ezininzi ukuze transcoding.

Ngenxa yoko, ukhowudo processing of ulwazi oye emathunjini ikhompyutha - inkqubo kunzima kakhulu kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide umbutho. Zonke iisimboli nawuphi alfabhethi i ulandelelwano ethile kuphela lamasuntswana yenkqubo yokubini, iseli enye - le yenye byte kolwazi.