Computer Graphics: umbala ubunzulu

Ubugcisa umhla kunye nezixhobo kuvumela ukwenza umfanekiso ngakhanyi uvakale ukuba kuya kubakho nokuba intle ngaphezu prototype ngokwenene. Umgangatho umfanekiso ezosulela kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: inani nefilimu, ubungakanani umfanekiso, ubungakanani bomfanekiso njalo njalo. Ezi ziquka enye ipropati - ubunzulu umbala. Yintoni na, nokuba ukuchaza ubale njani?

Overview

Umbala ubunzulu - elona nani liphezulu nemibala webala anokuqulatha kuphela umfanekiso. Le ubungakanani ulinganiswa amasuntswana (inani ziikhowudi yokubini ezibonakalisa umbala kunye nombala pixel ngamnye a yeraster yemizobo umfanekiso). Ngokomzekelo, omnye pixel, ubunzulu umbala ilingana 1 bit angazenza amaxabiso ezimbini: abamhlophe nabamnyama. Kwaye ke ukubaluleka ngakumbi iya kuba kubunzulu umbala, lo mfanekiso uya zinokohluka, equka ezininzi imibala kunye nombala. She is ikwanoxanduva umfanekiso nesinika. Apha, yonke into ngendlela enye: oluphezulu, ngcono. Njengoko omnye umzekelo, GIF ifomati picture kunye nobunzulu umbala ziikhowudi 8, uya ukuqulatha imibala-256, ngoxa JPEG ifomati yomfanekiso kunye nobunzulu ziikhowudi 24 ziquka million 16 imibala.

A bit of RGB and CMYK

Ngokuqhelekileyo, zonke iifomati zomfanekiso data abe ngobunzulu bombala ziikhowudi 8 nganye ijelo elinye (umbala). Kodwa lo mfanekiso ekhona, kunye nemijelo umbala ezininzi. Koko sele ukuzoba Itshaneli RGB ezintathu iya kuba ubunzulu ziikhowudi 24 (3h8). Ubunzulu imifanekiso CMYK umbala kuba wayemana ukuya ku-32 (4x8).

Ukanti kancinci

Umbala Ubunzulu - inani izithunzi umbala omnye, apho icebo wawumdibanisa imifanekiso, uyakwazi ukuzala okanye ukudala. Le parameter inoxanduva inguqu kakuhle nombala kule mifanekiso. Yonke imifanekiso digital beminwe ngokusebenzisa abo kunye amaqanda. Zero - black, Unit - White. Igciniwe kwaye wabahlalisa kwimemori ulinganiswa bytes. Enye byte iqulethe amasuntswana 8, nto leyo luchazwa kunye nombala ubunzulu. Kuba khamera digital, kukho nenye inkcazo isizalo ubunzulu umbala. Esi sisalathisi egqiba indlela apho umfanekiso ngokupheleleyo yaye zinzulu ngokwemigaqo abangasekhoyo, kusini na imibala ukuvelisa ikhamera, ingakumbi matrix yayo. Ngenxa ixabiso eliphezulu le parameter, iifoto ezo enkulu kunye egudileyo.

iphepha-mvume

Ikhonkco phakathi ubunzulu umbala kunye nomgangatho umfanekiso kukusombulula wayo. Umzekelo, bit-32 umfanekiso enesisombululo ka 800x600 mbi kakhulu kunokuba kunye 1440x900 efanayo. Enyanisweni, kwimeko yesibini ngayo inxaxheba inani kakhulu elikhulu pixels. Oku kulula kakhulu ukwenza eyakho. Konke ekufuneka uyenze - kukuba ukuya kwi-PC kwi "Image Adjustment" kwaye uzame gqolo ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa isisombululo sekhusi. Ngethuba lale nkqubo, uya uqinisekise ngokucacileyo indlela isisombululo kuchaphazela umgangatho imifanekiso ngobulili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba imibala ezininzi iquka umfanekiso ethile, iya kuncitshiswa zibe ixabiso eliphezulu nto leyo iyakwazi ukuxhasa i esweni. Ngokomzekelo singakwazi ukuthatha imonitha nge-16 bit umbala ubunzulu kunye nomfanekiso iyasebenza ungazama ukunciphisa-32. Lo mfanekiso kwi esweni iya sinolo 16 bit umbala ubunzulu a.