UNokhchi "ngabantu bakaNowa". Ulwimi lweChechen

Ulwimi lwabantu ngabanye lugcina iimfihlelo ezininzi. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abaphandi bafumana ukudibanisa kwe-etymological ngexesha elidlulileyo. Ulwimi lwaseChechen lugcina igqabantso lwabantu balo. Ingaba ukuchazwa koyilo loyilo, okanye igama lika-patriarta wokugqibela weTestamente elidala ngokwenene alinalo luhlanga?

Iinkolelo

AmaChechen aqinisekile ukuba igama elithi "nokhchi" ngokwezwi nezwi lithetha "abantu bakaNowa". Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, babecinga ukuba lo okhokho ukuba abe nguyise kunye nomprofeti. Okokuthi, ngokwelo mqondo, kunokuthi i-Chechens ngabantu bokuqala emva komkhukula. Leli gama liye lisetyenziswe ngabemi beli lizwe namhlanje.

Kwasasazeka ngekhulu le-16. Ngaphambili, ezo zibizwa ngokuba yimibutho ehlala kwimibutho yama-ethno-territorial e-East Nakh. Isizathu sokusasazeka kweli gama lixesha eliye laqalisa iinkqubo zokuhlanganiswa kohlanga lwangaphakathi. Kwakuloo nto abantu baseTchchen baqala ukuyila.

Isiganeko

Ekuqaleni i-nokhchi bahlali beChechen Plain. Ngaloo ndlela ngasekupheleni kweXIXe le-18, umphandi uLaudaev waqala ukuthetha. Uthi igama elinjalo libonakala phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama kwiXVII leminyaka, xa beqala ukuhla kwiintaba ukuya ethafeni. Kwakunjalo ukucingwa nguDalgat.

Idatha ekhoyo yakutshanje ithetha ukuba igama elibonakalayo livela kwigama elithi "Nakhchmatyane". Iqela liqala ukufumana "kwi-Geography yaseJalimane" yekhulu le-7. Ukungacacanga kwakukukuba kwakukho ukungalingani kweendawo. Umthombo wathi amaNakhchmatians ahlala ecaleni kweDon. Kodwa ezinye izazinzulu zithatha ukungathembeki okunjalo kwaye zidibanisa nelokuba kwangaphambili la mazwe ayengakhange ahlolisiswe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngoko umbhali wencwadi wasebenzisa incazelo ye-geographical definition.

Ukungafani

Nangona kunjalo, ubungubani babantu baseNokhchy neNakhchmatyana abazange bavezwe. Uphando lubonisa kuphela ukuba iminyaka emininzi, isizwe esibizwa ngokuba sisizwe, esasihlala ngasempuma-mpa yeChechnya-namhlanje. Ngendlela, le ndawo yembali inegama elinye: iNochmokhk yasendulo okanye "i-Nokhchy Country".

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVI, ukuhlanganiswa kwenzeka kuloo mazwe. Abo babesebenzisa ulwimi lwaseTrchen i-priori baqala ukubizwa ngokuthi yiyouhchy. Abahlali baseNohchmokhk emva kweenkqubo zentlanga basasaza igama labo kuzo zonke ezinye izizwe. Oku kwakungenxa yokuba bephuhlisiwe ngakumbi, babe namandla oqoqosho kwaye babe ngummandla wezolimo.

Iingcamango zesiganeko

Izizathu zokuba kutheni ii-Chechen zizibiza ngokuthi nokhchy zicace ngakumbi. Kodwa ezinye izinto zihlala zingacacanga. Kuthetha ntoni "nohchi"? Yintoni i-etymology yaleli gama?

Abaphandi baqhuba amaninzi amaninzi, abaninzi banxibelelana ngokucacileyo kwiqela lenkcubeko. AmaCheken ngokwawo awazange alondoloze nayiphi na iimbali zomntu malunga nomvelaphi wazo kude kube ngamaxesha exesha lethu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimbali eziqulethe inkcazo ye-etymology ye "nokhchy".

Kukho ibali malunga nokhokho bala bantu - indlu yeholide yaseNohcho. Eli qhawe lalibekho ebomini bokwenene. Le nto yazama ukubonisa i-folklorist Dalgat. Ngesinye isikhathi, wathetha umlandele kaNacho / Nohcho. Wayengumzalwana wesithathu kwintsapho. Bonke beza ezintabeni bahlakulela indawo yaseGalga.

Kukho omnye umxholo, osiqhelisa ngesikhulu, esasinda eSiriya. Wahlala eCaucasus kunye nendodana yakhe uNakhchoy. Wazithatha iindawo zeentaba waza waba nguyise wamaTchenke.

Iibali zeeThizi

Kwakukho elinye ibali elachazela i-etymology ye "nokhchy." Wayeqala ukubona uSemenov waza wagqiba ekubeni kukho ukufana kwegama elithi "nahche" - "ushizi". Igama lingaba ne-transcription echanekileyo, nangona kunjalo loo mbono inelungelo lobomi.

Kwakuxhaswa ngumlobo malunga nokhokho waseChechen Ali. Xa unyana wakhe wazalwa waza wahlamba, baqaphela ukuba umntwana uyabamba intonga. Xa idibansi yavuleka, babona into efana neshizi. Emva koko umntwana wanikwa igama elithi Nahchi.

Ngokubanzi, le ngcamango ayikho into ekholisayo kwimbono yabaphandi abahlukeneyo. Emva koko, eCaucasus, kungekhona nje iChechens eyayingummeli ekwenzeni ushizi.

Inkolelo enokwenzeka kakhulu

Le ngcamango elandelayo yaba yinto enokwenzeka kakhulu: kuyo i-Nokhchi ngabantu. Igama legama lakwa-Chechens lithetha nje ukutolika. Iinguqulelo zanamhlanje zibonisa ukuba "nakhchiy" ininzi "yamadoda". Le ngcamango sele ixhaswa ngabaososayensi baseRashiya nabaseSoviet. "I-Nokhchy" ivela "nah", oku kuthetha "abantu", kwaye isixelongo "cha" siyi-word formative.

Izifundo zokugqibela zale ngqungquthela zenziwa yi-Vagapov yesiTshachen. Wavuma ukuba "nah" "ngabantu", "abantu". Isixelongo "chi" sichazwa ngokuthi "indoda", "indoda". Oko kukuthi, "uNakhchy / Nokhchi" ngumntu "uNakh".

Kodwa ososayensi ngokukhawuleza wabonisa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa. Wacacisa ukuba le ngxube ayisebenziswanga kwimeko yokutyunjwa, kodwa kwimeko yokuhlukumeza, kwaye ngoko le ngcamango ifanele ibe ngathi "nehachi". Ukugqithisa ukuphikisana okunokwenzeka, ngenxa yokuba lo mfanekiso ungabonakala emhlabeni wangaphandle.

Iingcamango zikaThixo

Kukho iingcamango ezithandekayo malunga ne-etymology. I-Chechens ithi i-self-name "i-Nokhchi" iguqulelwe ngokuthi "abantu bakaNowa". Ngoku ihlala nje kuphela ukuba yamkele le ngqungquthela, okanye iyishiye. Sizakuzama ukuqonda umhlaba we-etymology yale ngcamango.

"I-Nokhchi" inokwahlukana ibe ngamacandelo amabini: "noh" kunye "chi". Iilwimi zeNakh zibonisa ukuba inxalenye yokuqala yeli gama kuthetha ngokwenene igama lomprofeti uNowa. Kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba "chi" "ngabantu" okanye "abantu".

Ookuqala ukuqinisekisa le ngqungquthela yimihla yokuhlamba. Uthi igalelo elithi "chi" kunaliphi igama elithetha "indoda." Ekuqaleni, le nxalenye ifunyenwe njengeyunithi eyimfuneko yokunikezela kwiilwimi zakudala zaseJaftic (eCaucasus).

Insidious particle "chi"

Iminyaka emininzi, iArmenian, isiGeorgiya kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, iiChechen zasetyenziswa ekuchazeni igama elithi "Nokhchi". E-Chechen, "uNowa" uthetha igama likaNowa. Kodwa apha kunye nalo lonke leli gama kukho iingxaki. Abanye ngokukodwa abawunaki i-"chi", bethetha ukuba ukuze bafonele abantu bakaNowa ngokwaneleyo kwaye ingcambu "u-noah."

Kodwa njengoko uphando lubonisiwe, inxalenye ye "chi" ithetha "abantu" ngokwembali. Oku kwagqitywa emva kokuhlaziya ezinye izinto. Kucacile ukuba, "chi" / "chiy" lithetha "abantu", ngoko le ngcamango kufuneka ibe nenani elilodwa.

Abaphandi bavakalisa igama elithi Chechen elithi "Elche" - "umprofeti". Ingcambu yeli gama li "el", kwaye zonke izazinzulu ziyazi ukuba "u-Ela" "nguThixo." Kuthetha ntoni "u-cha"? Ukuqiqa kweengqiqo kusishukumisela ukuba ukuba uElche ungumprofeti, u-Ela nguThixo, ngoko ke umntu ngumntu. Oko kukuthi, igama ngelizwi alikho umprofeti, kodwa "ngumntu kaThixo."

Iingcamango "zokulima"

Kukho enye incamango evumela ukuba siqinisekise ukuba iiTchenke (neyenchichi) "ngabantu bakaNowa". Ukususela kulwimi lwaba bantu, "nokh" iguqulelwe ngokuthi "lime". Kubonakala ngathi, esi sixhobo sezabasebenzi sichaphazeleka njani kunye no-patriarch wokugqibela?

EBhayibhileni kukho ibali elidumileyo nge-fratricide ka-Abel. Emva koko uThixo waqalekisa umhlaba, uKayin akakwazi ukuhlakulela kuwo. UMkhukula ulungiselele le ngxaki. USomandla uxolele, kwaye umhlaba wavelisa kwakhona. Ngoku oonyana bakaNowa babeya kuba nokulima. Ukuhlakulela umhlaba kwakufuneka ukulima. NguNowa oye wayeza kunceda yakhe inzala waza wavuselela esi sixhobo sezabasebenzi. Ngozuko lomprofeti, ilimi lalibizwa ngokuba "ngotshe".

Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli bali lifana nomlando ngeqhawe likaNokhcha. Ngoku kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani owokuqala.

Uqikelelo lwesiRashiya

Kodwa ukubuyela kwi-particle "chi" kufuneka uqaphele ulwimi lwesiRashiya. AmaSlav babengabamelwane be-Nakhs, ngoko ngenkulungwane yokuqala yokuhlala kwabo, kwenziwa utshintshi lwenkcubeko. Imbali eqhelekileyo idibanisa nabantu. Ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba inxalenye ye "chi" ifumane isicelo sayo apha.

Umzekelo, kufuneka uqaphele igama labemi bemizi ethile. Masithathe abantu basezidolophini: babizwa ngokuba yi "Muscovites". Okokuthi, akunzima ukucinga ukuba "chi" ngumntu "," ngoko "uMuscovite" "ungumntu waseMoscow". Ngokwemvelo, oku akukona nje ukufana. Kukho imizekelo eninzi: Tomichi, Smolevichi, Novgorodichi, njl.

Unako ukubeka ingqalelo kwezinye izina. Ngokomzekelo, i-trickster yileyo eyenza amaqhinga. Kuyafana neenqwelo, ii-tractors, i-snitchers, njl. Ukufana kufana kunye nokunyusa umbuzo olandelayo: njani ukuchaza ukufana kweelwimi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?

Matches

Kukho iziganeko ezininzi kwiRashiya naseKchenchen. Ngokomzekelo, isihlomelo esidumile "lo". Inokufumaneka kwigama elithi "umlinganiselo". Ivela "kumyinge", kwaye isithinteli kulo mzekelo ithetha "into" okanye "isixhobo". Ngolwimi lwaseTrchen, "lo" liguqulelwe ngokoqobo "lunikeza". Ngaloo ndlela, "umgca wendlela" nguye "onika umlinganiselo". Ukufana okufanayo kunokutsalwa kunye negama elithi "ukukhanya" - "ukunika ukukhanya."

Kukho omnye umzekelo wokufana kwezi lwimi. Iphosi liyikhanda. Kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu bayazi ukuba eli lizwi livela "kumntu". Kule meko, kukho utshintsho lweengcambu "a", kwi "e". Kule meko, "umbhobho" uqukethe "ubushushu" kwaye "khangela" - "ukunika ubushushu."

Okwenyaniso okanye ubuxoki?

Ulwimi luhlala luqondakala. Iqonga elithi "chi", libuye "cha" liguqulelwe ngokoqobo ngokuthi "umntu." E-Chechen "noah" - "uNowa". Kuyabonakala ukuba igama lala bantu liva ngathi "abantu bakaNowa". Ukusuka kwimiba yembono, eli hlanga linelungelo lokulibiza ngaloo ndlela. Kodwa ukugqiba ukuba ngaba i-Chechens ziyinzala enkulu yomprofeti uNowa ayinakwenzeka.