Ukhanyiso lu ... Yintoni ukukhanya?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ucinga ngemibandela eyahlukeneyo ebalulekileyo, abantu bafumana isisombululo esibonakala sibahlaziya. Kuloo mzuzu umntu uthi: "Ingqiqo yafika kum, kwacaca!" Nangona kunjalo, le yunithi yeloxical iyenzeka nakwezinye iimeko ezinomxholo ohluke ngokupheleleyo. Eli nqaku liza kuqwalasela oko kukhanya, yintoni intsingiselo.

Injongo ecacileyo yegama

Nawaphi na amagama aseRashiya anentsingiselo ebalulekileyo, esetyenziswa rhoqo ngentetho. Eli xabiso libizwa ngokuthe ngqo, alinalo intsingiselo, impawu okanye isimboli, ngoko kuyaqondakala kubantu abaninzi. Le ngxelo inezichaso ezimbini ezibalulekileyo.

Ngengqiqo yokuqala, igama elithi "ukukhanya" lifana nesenzi esithi "khanyisa," oko kukuthi, ukugqamisa ngokugqithiseleyo umntu / into ethile, ngokuchazela isichazi-magama esichazayo se-SI Ozhegov, uN. Yu. Shvedova. Kwimeko, leyunithi yecala ingasetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "Ukukhanyiswa kwamasimu ngelanga lokusa", okubakho, ukukhanya, ukunika igunya ngokukhanya okupheleleyo.

Ngomlinganiselo wesibini, le ngxube isetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukucaca ngokukhawuleza kokuqonda, ukuqonda okucacileyo into ethile. Ngokomzekelo, "ufumane ingqiqo", okokuthi, ingxaki yaxazululwa, ingcamango ebalulekileyo, ingcamango yafunyanwa. Ngaloo ngqiqo, ukukhanya "ukukhanya" kubonisa ukuba inkqubo yokuqonda into yanele ngokwaneleyo, ekugqibeleni, ukukhangela isisombululo kumbuzo kuvuzwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuqonda ngokucacileyo.

Izinto ezininzi ezinokufumanisa zenziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuqonda. Icala lokuqala eliyaziwayo lidumileyo elithi "Eureka!" U-Archimedes, xa, engena emanzini, wabona ukuba izinga lakhe litshintshile, laphakama. Kwakuloo mzuzu ukuba inzululwazi enkulu yaqonda indlela yokulinganisa ubunzima bezinto ezahlukeneyo, kwafika ingqiqo kuye.

Ixabiso elithwayo

Akunabo bonke amagama aseRussia abaluleke kakhulu. Itholakala kwingcaciso ecacileyo, isiseko, ngokuqhelekileyo inemifanekiso engumfuziselo. Ngokutsho kwenkcazo ephathekayo, "ukukhanyisa" kukukhanyisa, ukuphucula into ethile, kuvuyisa, kuvuyo.

Ukuqonda kakuhle intsingiselo kuya kunceda imimiselo elandelayo: "ukukhanyisa ubuso ngobumnandi," "ukukhanya komphefumlo ngethemba."

Intsingiselo ephathekayo ihambelana ngqo neyona ndlela: indlela ilanga likhanyisa ngayo intsimi, kwaye ukunyamezela okunyanisekileyo kunokukwenza umntu abe lula, abe nomusa kwaye avule ngakumbi.

Phraseology

I-Lexma "ukukhanyisa" ayifumaneki kwi-phraseology yesiRashiya, kodwa kukho ukuhlanganiswa okuzinzile okubonisa intsingiselo yale gama: "cacisa ingxaki", "yiya ngasezantsi."

Le ngqungquthela " yilapho inja ingcwatywa khona," imvelaphi yayo ineminguqulelo emininzi. Eli gama lithembekileyo lithethwa xa ingcamango, imbono, ngokukhawuleza yaqonda ingqalelo yenkinga okanye umsebenzi onzima.

Iintetho ezibonisa "ukukhanya"

Ukuqwalasela umbuzo othi "ukukhanya", inkcazo yanikezelwa ngasentla, kubalulekile ukuguqulela amagama afana nala mazwi. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziiyunithi ezilinganayo, ezifana nengqiqo, kodwa ezahlukileyo ngokupela. Ukuba amagama anemithwalo ye-semantic ngqo, unokukhetha ezi zilandelayo:

• Ukukhanyisa kukunika ukukhanya, kuba ngumthombo wayo. Amasimu avuliwe ngelanga lokusa.
• Ukucoca - ukwenza ukuba kucace, kuqondwe. Ingcinga yacinywa.
• Ubunono bubangelwa ngokukhawuleza, ukukhuthazwa. Ukuhamba ngethuba - ngokungaqondi, ngokuqiqa.

Ilizwi elinenani eliphathekayo linalo igama:

• Cima - uhlambuluke. Ukukhangela kukhenkisiwe.

I-Anthonymic lexemes

Ukukhanyisa kuyinto eqaqambileyo, ecacileyo, ecacileyo, ecacileyo, ngoko kulula ukuba ukhethe izichasiselo - iiyunithi ezinobungqina obunentsingiselo eyahlukileyo.

Le ngqungquthela ine-antonym "ephazamisayo", engasetyenziselwa zombini kunye nentsingiselo ephathekayo:

• Yenza kube mnyama, ungagqithisi ukukhanya: ukucima iifestile - zivale ekukhanyeni, zidibanise;
• Ukuqwalasela, yenza ukuba kungenakuqondakala: ukungazi kakuhle.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-lexeme kwisigama sesayensi

Igama elithi "ukukhanya" lisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizengqondo, apho lichaza igama elithile lokucinga kwabantu. Ukususela kwimbono yale nzululwazi, "ukukhanya" kwangoko, ngokukhawuleza, ukuqonda ngokutsha, kungekudala, kungekhona kwiimeko ezidlulileyo, kukuqonda imicimbi ebalulekileyo, imisebenzi, ubudlelwane, umbono wokubaluleka kweengxaki ngokupheleleyo, indlela yokuphuma kwintsiphelo kwisisombululo esisisombululo kwisimo sengxaki.

"Ukukhanyisa" njengegama lokuqala lisetyenziswe kwi-Psestalt psychology, ejongene nokufundwa kweengcaphephe zeengqungquthela ze-anthropoid. Kwixesha lokulinga kunye nophando, isazi sezengqondo esaziwayo uW. Köhler sabonisa ukuba izilwanyana aziqeqeshelwa yilingo kunye nephutha, kodwa uphando ngengxaki engazange ixazulule ngokukhawuleza, ihlole izinto ezijikeleze, ize ifumane impendulo ngokukhawuleza.

Ngenxa yoko, "ukukhanya" kuthatha isicatshulwa sokucinga komntu, isenzo sengqondo xa isisombululo sisenkqubo yokuqonda ingxaki yonke, kungekhona ekuhlalutheni kwayo. Eli candelo alinakucacisa kakhulu inkqubo yokuqonda, bangaphi na bachaza.

Insight - ingqiqo kwisenzo

Ukuqwalasela isicatshulwa "ukuqonda", intsingiselo yelizwi, umntu akanakudlula ukuqonda - igama elisetyenzisiweyo nakwizengqondo, oku kuthetha ukuqonda kwinto ezayo ngexesha lesisombululo somsebenzi othile.

Iingcali zengqondo aziboni ngoluvo olufanayo ngale nkqubo. Abanye bathi ukuqonda akukho, abanye, ngokuchaseneyo, baqhuba iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, iimvavanyo ezibonisa ukuba kukho ingqiqo.

Abaxhasi beengqondo ze-Gestalt bakholelwa ukuba iingxaki ezininzi ezinokuthi zixazululwe ngoncedo lokuqondisisa, eyona ntshukumo yesithathu kwiingxaki zengxaki zokuxazulula iingxaki. Isigaba sokuqala sichaza umbuzo onzima, okwesibini isebenza ekufuneni iimpendulo, okwesithathu - ngokwenene ukuqonda, isisombululo esifumanekileyo, esinokuthi sibe yinyani, yinyani okanye ayibi, yesine kukuqinisekiswa kwempendulo efunyenweyo.

Kule ngqiqo ibonakala njengento ephazamisayo yokukhathazeka ngokomzimba, okunzima ukudibanisa nenye into. Ngaphezu koko, iimvakalelo ziya kuhlala zilungile, zihle, nokuba ziphumo ezimbi, njengoko impendulo ethile ifunyenwe, nangona ingalunganga.

Ngoko ke, ingqiqo inokuqonda, oku kuthetha ukukhangela ngempumelelo isisombululo, ngakwesinye icala, kunye nemvakalelo eqinile kwenye.

Ngaloo ndlela, inyunithi ye-lexical inombandela ineentsingiselo ezininzi, kubandakanywa ngokuthe ngqo kunye neziphathekayo, ezisetyenziswe njengegama kwizengqondo, kwaye zibonisa ingcamango enjalo njengengqiqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, "ukukhanya" kukukhanya okukhanyayo kwehlabathi kunye nokuqonda komntu, okwenzeka ngenxa yelanga kwimeko yokuqala kunye nohlobo oluthile lokuqaphelisisa okwesibini.