Umkhuhlane weentaka

Imbali ezisemthethweni influenza yaqala ngo-1997, eTshayina, apho eendaba ndimvelisile yokothuka ehlabathini lonke, ingxelo umntu ogulayo. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, intaka umkhuhlane sele kufunyenwe Asia naseYurophu. A wave entsha ukwesaba ukuba banciphise kabukhali nokuthunyelwa iinkukhu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo ekutyeni. Ukwesaba kwabangelwa ipesenti ephezulu lilonke lokufa usuleleko yabantu, ekubeni ngexesha kuqhambuka kolwazi malunga lesifo okungenamsebenzi.

A intsholongwane nge ukuthetha into H5N1 umntu elifutshane, ngazo (kwaye lula - intaka flu) ibhekisa uhlobo lwe influenza A. Oku kuchaphazela nto iintaka, ubukhulu becala zasendle, kodwa zazidlala ukuba aphile kwaye nentaka qabane. uphethwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunzima kakhulu, kuba athe wabonakala mhlawumbi nelidangeleyo okanye ayenzeki kwaphela. Izinga lokufa phakathi iintaka esezantsi.

Nobunzima ekuxilongweni yaye kuthiwa okuthatha, - intsholongwane H5N1 kungavela iiveki kuphela emva ezimbini (kwaye nkqu nangaphezulu) emva kokosuleleka.

Eyona nto ephambili igciwane, Kakade ke, yentaka egulayo. transmission indlela eyahlukileyo - zidibane ngqo ukuya kuzo iziqalelo nokwabiwa obhulowu. Ukungabikho ezinkulu iinkalo intshabalalo yintsholongwane namhlanje akuthethi kuthi ukuba umkhuhlane intaka sifo kwentlupheko. Le ntsholongwane ujikeleza phakathi iintaka ngoku, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ingozi yosulelo kwabantu ihleli.

Uxilongo kuphela akwenzeki, kuba iimpawu yomkhuhlane zeentaka ezi kakhulu, zahlukile kakhulu kwaye ingaba zibonisa ezinye izifo. Into yokuqala uhlawula ingqalelo - nokuba ubukho H5N1 lwezifo kummandla yokuhlala abagulayo. umkhuhlane Avian ubonisa nangecesina, impumlo ukuvaleka, enzima, nzima ukuphefumla. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala (kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa) ingaba urhudo ngaphandle kwegazi. Iimpawu flu zeentaka ziquka isicaphucaphu nokugabha. bengavumi Human, kukho ubuthathaka nkqi, iintlungu izihlunu. Ubushushu ukuba yayisinda kakhulu kwindawo apho egazi igazi ukufa engaphephekiyo.

umkhuhlane weentaka ayiqukwanga kudidi nezinganyangekiyo abaninzi, kodwa ingabandakanywa kule Uxilongo kuba, kuba abanentsholongwane ngisho amawaka eekhilomitha kude nayiphi na intaka nangaliphi na ixesha.

Uhlalutyo lakho le meko iya kunceda ekwenzeni isifo. Ethetha oogqirha uncedo, kwavakala ukuba, ngaba unayo nayiphi na ukunxibelelana iintaka, ingakumbi ukuba iimeko kwindawo yakho sele ezisisigxina. Musa ukwala ukuba esibhedlele, kwanokuba uphethwe ayiqinisekiswanga. unyango flu Avian lulutho kakuhle ngokwayo, nokuzeyisa-unyango engenakwenzeka.

amanyathelo azizithintelo ukunciphisa kancinane kuphela ingozi sifo, kodwa musa ingabandakanywa ngokupheleleyo. Zokuvala unomonde ebaluleke kakhulu. Oku kusebenza kuzo zombini iintaka kunye nabantu. Olusemngciphekweni bonke abo wadibana umthombo losulelo, kuquka - zonyango.

Ukunyusa iimveliso ekucetyiswa ukuzabalaza "Alguire", "Arbidol", "Rimantadine." Kodwa khumbula, la machiza zisetyenziselwa kuthintelo, kuba unyango ungumongo kwezinye, iindlela ezinamandla ngakumbi.

umkhuhlane weentaka iphathwa umphelo. Isigulane ibekwa kwigumbi ekwanti kwaye iyakhutshwa ngeveki emva lobushushu ukuzinza (hayi ngaphambi). Phezu iindlela zonyango lwe izikhanyiso zonyango nangoku bexambulisana, kodwa ukuqaliswa iziyobisi antiviral ezifana "Tamiflu" sele lubonise iziphumo ezihle. Amalungiselelo olusebenzayo ekubhobhozeni ifakiwe medicament "Arbidol", idosi yaligqiba kabini kwiintsuku zokuqala. Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa Diamond amaqela amalungiselelo (umz, iziyobisi "Alguire" okanye "Remantadin").

Bodwa ongqongqo isigulane ngokwenene kubaluleke kakhulu. umkhuhlane weentaka isasazeka lula yaye ngokukhawuleza. Mortality ngokwesiko manani zonyango, 60% yazo zonke iimeko. Ngenxa ixesha elide bafukanywe kunye neempawu ezingacacanga njalo, njalo - kunye nokuphelela uxilongo, kunzima ukucinga isikali ngemiphumo ibe ukuba intsholongwane H5N1 ukuba yilo. Hi ndlela leyi, ngokutsho iingxelo engaqinisekiswanga, intsholongwane zingeniswe emzimbeni womntu, eziguqulayo, "ngokuhlenga" iimeko ezintsha ...