Ukuze laseKorinte

Uphuhliso izimbo ezintathu classic zakhiwo Greek - Doric, Ionic, kunye laseKorinte - yalahleka emaphakadeni ezimnyama. Kwezi ndlela ezintathu ezithile ukwakhiwa isimbo laseKorinte yeyona zokuhombisa kakhulu kwaye uninzi aqhelekileyo mihla. Waba ngokusekelwe UDorian kunye Ionic nokwakheka yokwakha iindidi (imiyalelo) obugqitywa indibanisela olinganise kulwakhiwo iinxalenye ezithile kwikholam kunye yokufeza yayo. Got igama layo ukusuka yamandulo polis Greek eKorinte, kodwa mhlawumbi yaphuhliswa eAthene kwi BC ngenkulungwane yesihlanu. Owona mzekelo adumileyo ukusetyenziswa isimbo esele walondolozwa ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, lungafumaneka kwi-itempile enikelwe Apollo izazi, ibekwe emantla-mpuma inxalenye uMesiya (e Greece yamandulo, inxalenye Arcadia), kwi-BAS.

Kodwa ke ukwazi ukuba umyalelo laseKorinte asiyiyo inxalenye ibandla, owaba ipaseji Doric macala kunye Ionic ukuze in Celle. Zella - yinto isithuba sifakwe apha ngaphakathi ezindongeni zendlu, apho wagcinwa umfanekiselo isithixo. Le ndawo iyi yengcwele (Hiero), apho kwakuhlala isithixo. Kwaye inye kuphela column laseKorinte kuba ngaphakathi cella. Eyona okuyimfihlakalo leyo unobangela mpikiswano phakathi Abembi bezinto zakudala. Abanye abaphengululi bathi ukuba - ngumzekelo neminikelo isithixo. Ipatheni efanayo bunokubonwa etempileni yamandulo yamaGrike, wakha kwinkulungwane elandelayo. A Umzekelo ezaziwayo-kakuhle, xa umyalelo laseKorinte yayisetyenziswa njengenxenye etempileni, i uhlobo lesikhumbuzo horegicheskogo, Iveranda (imiqolo ezintandathu), lo oqingqiweyo Lysicrates eAtene, kwakhiwa 334 BC.

Ngokutsho banentsomi ezintle malunga ngemvelaphi umhlathi, waxelelwa yi Vitruvius, i inkosi zamandulo zamaGrike yobhedu bephosa Callimachus kanye ehamba kummandla eKorinte bawufikela udonga lokungqinga, elo ulele enye intombazana. Yaba ngomnyazi willow kunye nezipho ngohlobo zokudlala, ipleyiti top-camera. Amagqabi amakhulu acanthus - izityalo ngeenxa zonke engcwabeni, ngenxa imivalo ziye yakudubula, ebumba into efana isipha. Kallimaha yayithanda kakhulu le motif. Yena, xa ebuya ekhaya, yena eboniswe waza eziqulathwe ngoonobumba zobhedu - ngokohlobo ingobozi ngeenxa zonke, engqongwe amagqabi acanthus. Indlela sinengqondo eli bali ayaziwa, kodwa inyaniso kukuba iisampuli yokuqala ngokwenene zazenziwe ngobhedu, kodwa kamva umyalelo laseKorinte Wawuyinxalenye etyeni.

Wabonwa kuphela njengendlela yokuhombisa Ionic In Greece yamandulo. Kufuneka ke ukuba amaGrike kunqabile ayelisebenzisa xa kusakhiwa iicawa emva BC kwenkulungwane yesihlanu. Ukwandisa uphuhliso kokuba lifumene inkxaso-Roma, nazo ziye ezahlukeneyo eziliqela. Thile Akumangalisi, amaRoma, ababebizwa ngokuba ngabantu practical ngakumbi, ingakumbi ngokunxulumene amaGrike amandulo, baye bakhetha kunazo yemiyalelo zamaGrike. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kunye Doric kunye Ionic yena ingqalelo enye odolo ezintathu yamandulo.

Phindaphinda imisebenzi emininzi imiqolo Ionic umyalelo waseKorinte zomlomo umahluko. In umgqomo kwikholam (efana umphanda Ionic style) nelembande eneSandi (iflethi, nzulu), phantsi oonobumba abancinci ngokufuthi eziphela a ezinamagqabi egosogoso. imihlathi emibini iindidi ezahlukeneyo profile isiseko (eKorinte ayanda lube nje ukubhitya), kodwa ingakumbi oonobumba abancinci. Capital ngendlela ukuze achaze uluthi, nto leyo singqongwe iintyatyambo zimiswe ngokwemigca. Xa emazantsi indebe lugubungela ibhanti emxinwa, yaye phezulu kwayo nokuvuka iziqu, kwipleyiti yaxokomezela enembonakalo quadrangular, phakathi ahombise intyatyambo. Ngelo kwipleyiti kulele entablement, leyo owawukuDonga wawutyabeka moldings (palmettes kunye namanye amanani), nokuphindaphinda phezu kwizibiyeli lwesakhiwo yaphukile kwicala asezantsi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunokwenzeka ukufumana kunye ababengaphambi ezikude njengoko yokuntsonkotha zokuhombisa, umzekelo, xa bokwakha yamandulo basePersi. Nangona, Kakade, acanthus yendalo kushiya - ngumqondiso oqinisekileyo ukuba esi sakhiwo waseKorinte kunye nonyango eneenkcukacha kwiikholam naye wadlala indima enkulu kakhulu iiholo eliphangaleleyo, leyo wayeyoliswa kakhulu namaPersi. Komboko camera ntsika ecikizekileyo, iintsika, lubekwe neziseko zazo kakuhle ezihonjiswe ngohlobo ingqayi yabhukuqa, yaye yaphela ngo imiqadi nkqo ukubeka volutes okanye wemba kwisiqingatha-zeenkomo (ziwa).