Ukuhlelwa komthetho kumthetho wesizwe kunye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe

Amalungiselelo ephambili yomthetho ezi ndidi ezisisiseko nayiphi na inkqubo yezomthetho, ebizwa ulawulo lomthetho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le migangatho zichazwe izenzo ezithile zikarhulumente okanye izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, bona oprelelyayut scope kunye imida yokuziphatha yaye ngokufuthi ukuba uhlaba isibophelelo umlinganiswa. Kukho kudidi article lo umthetho, leyo, ukuze kube lula, uzahlule iintlobo kwaye inceda sichaze ukuba yintoni na le sibonelelo sisebenza.

Kukho typologies eziliqela ezahlukeneyo, okusetyenziselwa lohlelo olunjalo. Ngokusisiseko, baye iimpawu ezithile apho yahlulwe le mithetho. Ngaloo ndlela, imithetho zomthetho, iintlobo kunye neendidi amalungiselelo omthetho nga ziphume iindlela zayo, imisebenzi kunye nesiqulatho. Umzekelo, iindlela kunye nobubanzi udidi ekunene lungahlukaniswa kuxhomekeke Benza kanye oko alawula bezomthetho. Onke amalungelo - yoluntu, lolwaphulo-mthetho, administranivnoe, siseko, njalo njalo, kuye imithetho yayo. Ukuba uthathe njengesiseko ngokwahlula imisebenzi le migangatho thina, siyakwazi ukubona ukuba amalungiselelo omthetho kunye neendidi ke regulatory - oko kukuthi, abo ndinendawo ukuvumela, ithintele okanye nokuxhobisa, ukhuseleko, yaye enxulumene kwezinye amacandelo athile okanye kwiimeko ezithile njengoko ngokunjalo ukuchaza kwikota okanye imisebenzi amasebe awohlukeneyo.

Le ukuhlelwa umthetho wemveli yaye yinto exhaphakileyo. Kuyinto uphawu thiyori positivist yomthetho. Ngokusekelwe kule typology, amalungiselelo ezilawulayo zabelwa ukuze ukwenza kucace ukuba namalungelo kunye noxanduva udalwe uhlobo oluthile ubudlelwane zomthetho phakathi kwamaqumrhu, amaqela okanye amaqumrhu kunye nabasemagunyeni karhulumente kwaye zijolise nokumisela imithetho. imigangatho zothintelo abelwe ukwenzela ukubonisa kushenxwe kulo mmiselo, umthetho, yima okanye ukuthintela kubo baze ngaloo ndlela ukukhusela zombini nemigangatho zokuqala zolawulo. Njengomgaqo, zinezintlu izinto yesinyanzelo kunye noxanduva. imigangatho zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa - incedisa ukukhonza izithethe kuzo iyavumelana kwaye bobabini, ukuba oko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhombe kwixesha othile, liphuhlisa ezikhethekileyo, ezifana imeko yonxunguphalo, kwakunye xa kukho ukungavisisani esemthethweni kunye ntswela lolwezinye imigangatho. Kwimeko yokugqibela, njengokuba umthetho, esebenza umgaqo umthetho legunya ephakamileyo cancel umthetho ekwizinga eliphantsi, umgaqo okhethekileyo siqhuba ngaphezulu jikelele.

Abaliqela Ukuhlelwa ezahlukeneyo umthetho oluqhutywa kwinqanaba ngamazwe. Kuqala kwinto zonke, baya bahluka umda. Kukho, imigangatho yehlabathi jikelele ukuba iyabophelela kuwo onke amazwe ilungu UN, kwaye kufuneka umlinganiswa isibophelelo bonke. It othathwa imigaqo yobudlelwane bezizwe, amagatya UN Bill of Human Rights njalo njalo. imigangatho zommandla ukuchaza ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe mabini athile imida geografichekih kunye ngeenkcukacha - njengako izivumelwano amabini okanye amazwe.

Ukuhlelwa umthetho kule ndawo kwakhona ngokusekelwe amandla amanyathelo omthetho. Ngaloo ndlela, imigaqo esisinyanzelo ibaluleke, kuba umalunga imidla yawo onke amazwe, kunye nokwaphula yabo ukwenzakalisa amazwe amaninzi. Ukutenxa kule norm aluvumelekanga, kwaye nasiphi na isivumelwano sangena olwaphula le migaqo iya kuthatyathwa njengengekho mthethweni. imithetho efihlakeleyo kwakhona zibonisa ukuba eli lizwe barhoxe lo mmiselo ngokubanika uguqulelo yayo. Kodwa ukuba oku kwenziwe, lo mmiselo dispositive , kakhulu iyabophelela.

Ukuhlelwa komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, Kakade, ine i typological features uphawu inkcazelo ngohlelo nawuphi na umthetho - oko kukuthi, abo mithetho kwakhona ukwabelana imisebenzi kunye neendlela yommiselo. Kodwa ke inkalo ekhethekileyo umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kukuba amalungiselelo bayo bangonakala ndilibalule uhlobo yokuvakalisa (umzekelo, equlethwe izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezigqibo nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye inter-governmental), kwakunye nexesha amanyathelo (oko kukuthi, ukuba enze kwisithuba sexesha elithile okanye ngokungenammiselo ). Ngo komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kukho imithetho Imihlathana ezinokuthi onke amandla omthetho amalungiselelo zokuyalezwa iintlangano ezahlukahlukeneyo eziye nto ngaphambili zonakele ayikokubambana ngendlela.