Typology zamaqela ezopolitiko: iintlobo kunye neempawu eziphambili

Typology zamaqela ezopolitiko kwenza kube lula ukuqonda indima yawo ebomini yoluntu kunye nezopolitiko ngokubanzi.

In mihla inzululwazi yezopolitiko enkulu kwisahlulo ngokusekelwe eklasini kunye iziseko zentlalo. Ngokwale njengenqobo ngaba imidlalo zilandelayo:

1. Class. Kumazwe amaninzi, kukho abo amaqela apho uNojaji umdla layo nayiphi na iklasi okanye ezinawo yabemi.

2. Abo bamele iiklasi ezininzi okanye amaqela asekuhlaleni. Umzekelo, e Denmark babebambelele populist abagunye iimfuno eyinkunzi mveliso mali, ngokunjalo iimfuno abaqeshisi kunye izikhulu.

3. I-Party of iyaxela ezithile zentlalo okanye amaqela.

typology Modern zamaqela ezopolitiko ziphuhliswe kwinkulungwane ye-20, isazinzulu yezopolitiko evela eFransi Morisom Dyuverzhe. Uthe ngaphandle ekuthiwa-Ukuhlelwa yokubini, oluthathela ingqalelo amaqela oluntu kunye nobunzima. Isiseko lo mgaqo Iimbophelelo ifomu phakathi kwabemi kunye iqela, ngokunjalo kubume lwangaphakathi.

Ukongeza kwezi, kukho iindidi zokuhlelwa eziliqela, nto leyo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje okuthandwa. Ngoko ke, phakathi kwazo zezi zilandelayo:

1. Typology zamaqela ezopolitiko kwi orientation yembono, njengoko apho ulwahlulohlulo yi ekunene, ekhohlo kunye centrist.

2. Ukwahlulwa ngokungqinelana yohlobo imisebenzi, kwakunye umxholo iinjongo kunye neenjongo. Kukho iindidi ezine amaqela: olululo, elondoloza, zinkuni kunye loHlaziyo.

3. Ukwahlula kwindawo kwi kurhulumente: i sigqibo kunye nenkcaso.

4. Iintlobo amaqela phantsi kwemiqathango komsebenzi: zomthetho, semi-ezisemthethweni mthethweni.

Kukwakho iyantlukwano phakathi ngegqudu ngokwentando yesininzi, yehlabathi kunye nezenkolo, njl

Ngelo xesha omnye, lo ngezentlalo American liphuhlise kucalulo zamaqela ezopolitiko, nayo leyo amkelwa ngamazwe. Yena owabelana ngako iikhrayitheriya ezisebenzayo lombutho. Ngenxa yoko, iintlobo namaqela ezopolitiko aye inikezelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. besive uhlobo avant-garde obemi ngexesha kuphuhliso yintshukumo yabasebenzi. imbono Political bakholelwa ukuba xa olu hlobo uya baphumeze amandla, yena ngokukhawuleza afe kwimpembelelo kukhal uze ube yinxalenye yale nkqubo yezolawulo.

2. Ukunyulwa iqela. imikhankaso yokhetho - zabo injongo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi Iibhetshi ubulungu azifani, kwaye ukhuphe amakhadi ubulungu kwaye kuhlawuliswa iifizi. izibonelelo zemali ngokusekelwe iminikelo yokuzithandela ngabantu, amashishini, nayo yonke imibutho, kwakunye nolwabiwo-mali karhulumente.

3. Party zePalamente. Xa siqwalasela ukusebenza yabo iyafana naleyo ethekweni. Kodwa umsebenzi wabo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngakumbi bayigubungele indlela komsebenzi yepalamente: uphuhliso nemigaqo yokuqhutywa kwe lokhankaso lolonyulo, izimvo zoluntu, nto leyo enxulumene umgangatho wokuphila kunye amasebe ayo ahlukeneyo, kwakunye ekukhetheni abagqatswa abafanelekileyo kunye namalungiselelo abo okuba balungele ugqatso lonyulo.

4. Iinxalenye-ekuhlaleni (iiklabhu). Bayinxalenye yemibutho yesininzi ethi ihlanganise abemi kunye neemfuno jikelele yenkcubeko izimvo, uze abathanda izinto ezifanayo yezopolitiko.

5. "yepokotho" yelo qela. Bambalwa ngokwenani lamalungu alo. Bona ukudala iinkokeli bengamagobho hlengisa nabo kwinkqubo yabo ukuze kufezekiswe iminqweno yokuzingca kwaye banqwenela ukuseka ngokwabo. Neenkokeli zamaqela ngokwabo amisele indlela emayihambe ngayo yaye nempembelelo mda.

Qaphela ukuba nawuphi na typology thaca zamaqela ezopolitiko akukhethi omnye, yaye kukho amatyala indibanisela yazo, iba isiseko esihle ukwenzela uhlalutyo imisebenzi yabo.