"Toyota-Prius-Hybrid": ncomo abanini, iinkcukacha, kwaye itye namafutha

Enye yezinto zobuchwepheshe ibalulekileyo kwishishini lweemoto global kuqaliswa ubuchwepheshe "green". Nkqu iinkqubo zokhuseleko kunye nabancedisi yeqondo eliphezulu electronic buthi imvelaphi kwizibonelelo ukuba vula iingqiqo zombane kunye gqith. Akubalulekanga nje ukuba kuncitshiswe inqanaba ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Ukusilela okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa kwamafutha aqhelekileyo siyingenelo abaqhubi beemoto ngokwabo ukuba uthembele imali ebonakalayo. Liyinyaniso elokuba, igama elithi "kuqoqosho" isekhona mathidala esinokudibanisa amaxabiso imodeli-eyonga. Uninzi izindululo kulo eklasini ziyafumaneka kubasebenzisi Russian for million 2-3 engange. Kule meko, ukhetho ibenomtsalane kakhulu le moto njenge "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid", ifoto leyo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Le modeli ne tag sokuqala ixabiso ikhonza 1.2 mln. Kakade ke, iindleko ezinjalo engamelanga ithathwe njenge ubunzima umqhubi efikelelekayo, kodwa ukuncipha amafutha ngexesha ukusebenza ixesha elide oya kugwebela utyalo-mali. Ngakumbi kuba umthengi akazange nje ongumzekelo isityalo amandla engaqhelekanga kunye nomgangatho imoto waseJapan okunomnyinyivane ipremiyamu.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga imodeli

Fashion for gqith kunye neemodeli zombane kbavelisi kwavela kowama-2000. Kakade ke, ezinye inkqubela kule ndawo khona ngaphambili, kodwa eyona ukuphunyezwa kwabo iingqiqo kwenzeka kuphela kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo. Ngenxa yoko, umenzi waseJapan uye waba ngomnye oovulindlela kwicandelo ngokukhulula umfuziselo gqith kwasekuqaleni 1997. Nangona kunjalo, imarike yemoto zehlabathi yavela emva kweminyaka emithathu kuphela. Yayigcinwa elo usalisebenzisa kwifowuni enye - "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" ngo-2000 phantsi ukwesona siquka namacandelo amane: a emveli yangaphakathi injini yokutsha, i-injini yombane, ibhetri eliphezulu-ombane kunye motor-generator. Njengoko sibonile, imodeli idibanisa izinto sisimo ezahlukeneyo izityalo amandla, kuquka i-classical lwangaphakathi injini yokutsha, kunye ibhetri.

Ngokwemiqathango ingaphandle moto kunganxulunyaniswa kwiklasi Golf. Nangona abenzi enkulu efuna ukunika izityalo gqith kuphela iinguqulelo yohlobo, i yaseJapan bakhetha ukuvala kwiklasi ezibanzi kwabathengi. Enyanisweni, oku ngenxa ixabiso ezifikelelekayo noko yeemoto "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid", nokubuyekezwa abanini leyo intle kakhulu ngokunxulumene nokukhululwa yezigidi 1.2 engange. Kodwa, ukuba uqaphele, kunye nobutyebi lwezixhobo ozikhethelayo kwinguqulelo abizayo le engange zigidi ezi-2 .

Umgaqo esebenza ngayo kwinguqulelo esisiseko

Iinjineli zinika iindlela ezimbini ukuya ekusebenziseni inkqubo-design hybrid. In lwalo yokuqala, ukuhamba kunye nolawulo kumatshini linikwa injini yombane, i-injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye battery. Le ndlela yesibini olunika ukusetyenziswa elingana zombini generator. Izizukulwana zokuqala ezimbini imifuziselo Japanese bonisa ingenzeka kunye nokusebenza yokudibanisa zombini magama. Ukuze uqonde ukuba isebenza njani, "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" kwi version zakudala, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba isityalo amandla Synergy Drive. Esi sakhiwo luquka injini ipetroli yokuvutha kwangaphakathi iilitha 78. a. kwaye esebenzisa ibhetri injini yombane ukuya iilitha 68. a. Kunye, oku kuqinisekisa igalelo elikhulu. Lawula elingaka Ungasebenzisa iindlela ezine. Xa uqala i ufakelo lwangaphakathi ukutshiswa injini luqhawulwe, kwaye nguwona msebenzi umatshini drive kuthatha phezu enjinini. Ngenxa yokwanda imeko amandla litshintsha: umsebenzi ibhetri lifinyele, weza kwiyunithi yepetroli.

Umgaqo yokusebenza besesithathu isizukulwana

Nangona ukwanda ngamandla, imodeli isizukulwana wesithathu iye zizakubalulwa inqanaba eliphezulu ngobuchule amafutha. Version has a yelitha-1.8 "emine", isicwangciso esekelwe ngomjikelo Atkinson. Njengoko isixhobo ekuqaleni obuqhajelweyo, "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" wafumana kwebhetri iyasebenza njengoko kufuneka. Kuba iimpawu isizukulwana wesithathu wenziwa ukusebenzisa Impompo yombane sokwehlisa kunye nenkqubo ojikelezayo zeemoto eziphuculweyo. Ngokumalunga imo drive, kule meko Kucingelwa iindlela ezintathu. Imowdi lokuqala (eV) yenzelwe intshukumo kwi eliphantsi isantya uluhlu kwi udibaniso bebhetri. Oku kulandelwa imo eyandisiweyo, ukuvumela ukwandisa uvakalelo ye namafutha yomsebenzi zemidlalo drive. Kodwa ukonga kakhulu Mode Eco, apho umlinganiselo kakhulu ifana wasebenzisa amandla kunye namandla kwisithuthi kuloo izicelo intshukumo.

Technical Ipharamitha imodeli

Kuzo zonke iinkalo angaphakathi iqonga yokuzaliswa kunye nesakhiwo isithuthi engundoqo kwenziwa ngokungqinelana nenkqubo yemveli. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba ingaphandle ubheka yinto engaqhelekanga into yokuba, xa ke, unika enye imoto isongo "Toyota Prius hybrid." iimpawu zobugcisa ndlela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Body exubileyo - indlela ibibanga-umnyango 5.
• Ubude - 445 cm.
• Ububanzi - 172,5 cm.
• Height - 149 cm.
• Le imithwalo gumbi - ubuncinane 408 eelitha.
• Wamavili - 270 cm.
• track Back - 148 cm.
• track Front - 150,5 cm.
• Clearance - 14.5 cm.
• Ukurhoxiswa - entwasahlobo elizimeleyo ngaphambili nangesemva semi-ezizimeleyo.
• Nawo - ngqo langa.
• Iziqhoboshi - idiskhi.

Iimpawu battery

Umenzi isebenzisa NiMH iibhetri evela Panasonic kunye neenkampani, nto leyo enika iwaranti kunyaka-8. Enyanisweni, ngenxa ezi zinto kwaye ibonelela ngendlela engabiziyo ukuguqulwa olusebenzayo yeemoto "Toyota Prius hybrid." iimpawu zobugcisa neebhetri ezisetyenziswayo zezi zilandelayo:

• Capacity - ukususela nge-6 ukuya kwi-21 Ah.
• Ixesha ukuba intlawulo epheleleyo - imizuzu engama-90.
• Weight - ukusuka kg 45 ukuya 80, kuxhomekeka kwinguqulelo.
• Inani kwiimodyuli kwibhetri --28 ukuya kuma-40.
• Inani zentetho kwimodyuli - 6.
• ingxenye ombane - 1.2 V.
• Le ombane iyonke - ukusuka 206 ukuya 288 V.
• Ezitshintshwayo ibhetri amandla - ubuninzi 4.4 kWh.

iimpawu kwetheknoloji of operation

Xa Ngenxa uninzi wabaqhubi umahluko omkhulu iimodeli hybrid na impumelelo yabo. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho ezinye bokuqonda lo msebenzi, nto leyo eye i "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid." Umgaqo ukusebenza, ingakumbi, ebangela inqanaba olude ophezulu wolawulo esizisebenzelayo, yintoni esimele sikulungele. Umzekelo, ikhompyutha ekwinqwelo ulawula ngokuzenzekelayo i parameters injini, ngaloo ndlela eqinisekisa ukusebenza ibhetri eliphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, kule moto yokumisa mzuzu, inkqubo iyazingenela elekhtrons okungenisa ngenxa apho ibhetri agcwalisiwe ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ukunikezela kunye nezinye izisombululo luncedo, kuquka Distance Control sensor, ukungakhululeki oluzenzekelayo amabhanti, uhlengahlengiso isihlalo kunye hlengiso ngokupheleleyo uvakalelo le ezinyovwayo kule moto "Toyota Prius hybrid." Ukuphonononga kunye nabanini azisa ngomsebenzi lwabancedisi ezikrelekrele ezikuvumela ukuba apake lula, sebenzisa i diff-lwekhamera.

amafutha

Nokuba kwamanye amalungu gqith icandelo imodeli Japanese kubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho. Le moto esixekweni kwinguqulelo esisiseko lutyabula malunga 8 yeelitha, lo gama ngaphandle kwesixeko kunye ngaphantsi - 5.5 iilitha. Ngaphezulu, ngokubhekiselele ezikhutshwayo iinjini ekungcoliseni kusetyenziswa Japanese kakhulu Zizigqithile imilinganiselo "Euro-4". Kulo mzekelo, isizukulwana lwesithathu amafutha nokuba ngaphantsi. "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" kule yokusebenza xa uqhuba ngalo mzi ibonisa inqanaba ukusetyenziswa seelitha 4.9, yaye endleleni - 4.6 l. Le mpumelelo Lwenziwe kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuba loo mveliso. Yokuzunguleza amafutha le injini ukwanda ngamandla, iinjineli baye basebenzisa ngephepha le-aluminiyamu, ekwakhiweni. Kuyenzeka ukunciphisa ubunzima hybrid, nto leyo 1.5 m.

ukusebenza nezakhi

nokusasazwa Wide of "green" ubugcisa kushishino lweemoto ayenzeki zizinto ezimbini lungumqobo endleni imfuneko. Phakathi kwabo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ixabiso, kwakunye yokusebenza isantya okulula. Noko ke, umenzi waseJapan yakwazi ukuba balahle ezi ntsilelo, njengoko kuboniswa impendulo olutshintshatshintshayo: "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" kwahlukile ngesantya endilisekileyo ubuninzi - 170 km / h kunye ukukhawulezisa okulungileyo - ukuya ku-100 km / h "Chinese" kwandiswa imizuzwana 11.

Inxalenye okunjalo gqith yokusebenza eliphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo elula, kodwa musa wayesazi ifuthe iimpawu uzobe olwenziwe modeli. Umzekelo, phezulu-torque motor inika ukusabela ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokungabikho CPR yemveli ukwandisa intsebenziswano phakathi umqhubi kunye nezingenayo. Kwakhona musa ukulibala malunga iinkqubo zekhompyutha, ezihlobeneyo le SUV for imoto "Toyota Prius hybrid." Ukuphonononga ze abanikazi ukuthetha iingenelo abancedisi kule nkqubo intshukumo. Bathi nje igalelo ukhuseleko, kodwa kwakhona lula ulawulo gqith.

Izicwangciso uphuhliso olungaphaya gqith

Kuphuhliso iinguqulelo ezintsha ze nkampani swi kwiindawo ezininzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngalo mzuzu kukuphucula iimpawu ashukimisayo le modeli. Sebenza kule nxalenye deal with abathungi ngubani ukuyila umphandle. Izizukulwana yokuqala kwabayili bakwazi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo ekuncitshisweni ngumlingani utsalo, nto leyo namhlanje imodeli eliphezulu "Toyota Prius hybrid." iya kuphuhliswa Umgaqo yokusebenza ngokusekelwe kweminye imithombo ubonelelo kwakhona, kuquka ngeendleko solar panel. Iinjineli bamatasa ngokuyila ngeendlela ukufaka kuwo phezu kwendlu. Kulindeleke ukuba ngenxa lwesi sakhi emotweni baya kuba nako ukunika umsebenzi inkqubo imozulu.

ingxelo entle evela abanini

Uninzi reviews ezintle modeli kungenxa iingenelo ukuba zinikwe iyunithi amandla. Xa kuthelekiswa injini epetroli eqhelekileyo, le moto kakhulu eyongayo ukuba asebenzise ngaphezulu. Kwaye akukho nje ekunciphiseni iindleko zamafutha ukuba pyatidverki njenge "Toyota Prius hybrid." Izimvo yabanini zibonisa ukuba umfuziselo ayikho ngokufuthi kufuna utshintsho ioli ishenxisa nokugcinwa starter kunye generator, ezo zingekho nje phantsi kwenzakalani. Ukongeza, le moto ophawulwe iingenelo ngokumalunga nezixhobo izixhobo ozikhethelayo zakutshanje.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula iingenelo isithuthi ngokwembono ukusebenza eRashiya. Yintoni entle ngakumbi ukuba abanini imoto lwasekhaya: nkqu kuneqabaka eqatha zingakuchaphazeli ukusebenza crossover of "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid." Abanini Reviews yasebusika ukuqinisekisa ukuba buqala umatshini kwaye ifuna zokufudumeza kuphela sangaphakathi ukuba uhambo obutofotofo ngaphandle iingxaki.

ukubuyekeza ezimbi

Kakade ke, iindleko eziphezulu abaninzi ugqithayo kude ukuthenga enjalo. Nangona kuthelekiswa nezinye ibhastile nto, olu khetho mhlawumbi yeyona efikelelekayo, kodwa le moto ibiza ngaphezu namaxabiso epetroli. Kukho kwakhona nezigxeko malunga iingxaki yokurisayikilisha ze bachitha iibhetri ibhastile nto, kodwa ke ezi ngxaki ajongene kakhulu namaqela kokusingqongileyo kunokuba abanini imoto.

isiphelo

Kwimarike Russian akukho onobuhle Zinjengeqhezu "green" iimoto, nto leyo enokwenza uphuhliso yinxalenye kukhuphiswano Japanese. Yiloo nto ke uhlaziyo "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" kuba becala abangasekhoyo ezintle. Imoto uyahluka ukonga isebenza kunye nokugcinwa, kodwa inikeza phantse zonke ukusebenza ifumaneke imifuziselo epetroli njengesiqhelo. Kakade ke, ukuthenga kuya kufuneka ulungiselele isixa esikhulu semali, kodwa hybrid ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuhlawula ngokwabo. ubugcisa obutsha ayabiza, kodwa iingenelo lenguqu ukuya kwizithuthi phambili ngakumbi kunzima ukuba zazi.