Yintoni ekufuneka leeNdawo UAZ? LeeNdawo UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga": indlela ukufaka imoto

Phakathi inani elikhulu wabaqhubi, kukho abantu abaninzi bakhetha Umlinganiselo ngemoto asphalt kumphezulu search ezintsha kwi ezindleleni. Uninzi lwezi ilifa ezahlukeneyo models UAZ. Ezi iimoto azakubalulwa ubukho drive lonke-wheel. Xa imifuziselo ezifana i "ngokuthanda uhlanga" "Hunter" "ilofu" drive-4x4 iplagi. Phi yonke le nto? Yaye isibakala ukuba akusoloko lo Uqhubo kuyimfuneko kangaka. Ngapha koko, ukuba abaqhubi beemoto ukuhamba phezu iindlela, rhoqo ngeempela-veki ukuze ukuthatha ikhefu ukusuka ucwangciso ukusebenza kwe-ofisi.

Ngoko ke, abo iimeko apho akufuneki i drive-wheel ezine, wabeka leeNdawo UAZ. Ekhaya, kwaye ngenene, umsebenzi kuphela ezi ndlela - ukudlulisa torque ukusuka ngaphambili-drive ngqo ivili okanye ukukhubaza lo ubudlelwane efanayo kwimeko xa drive lonke-wheel akuyomfuneko.

Kutheni ukucima i drive-wheel yonke?

Apha, ekuqaleni, yonke into ilula kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, singakwazi ukuthatha intsimbi waqengqela kwi ububanzi of malunga 100 mm, walutshixa ukuya kumbindi ivili. Ngoko ke ubeke phezu kwamavili phezu Slots drive. Sinamandla, ethembekileyo kwaye kulula.

Kodwa nantsi lemoto ushiya indlela asphalt kunye, ngaphakathi udaka, izinga uqalisa ukuzuza kakuhle. Ezindlebeni ingxolo yomoya ndlwana unokuviwa umsebenzi oneengxaki le injini transmission, umqhubi sele ndicinga uhambo elifutshane imigama emide, yaye asi ngaphambili phambi kokuba wamatye yaye inqanyulwe yenzelwe ngqo le lever transfer meko iyaqhubeka ukuze uphendule. Ukusuka apho eluphendula? Ukususela ekujikeni kwevili. Xa imoto eqhuba phezu asphalt, ivili zijikeleziswe drive kunye namalungu Velocity rhoqo. Eyokugqibela wabanika igunya gearbox kunye driveline ngaphambili.

Akukho nto kakhulu yakuzixhalisa malunga nayo. Inkoliso SUV Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant limi transmission oluthembekileyo, ukuzinza kwalo kuba okwanele ukuba kwiindibanisela elide kakhulu yaye enkulu kule meko zinzima. I-injini kwakhona kakhulu nako ukujikeleza ngokulula iindawo zingeyomfuneko ngoku.

Kutheni injini iligqibe amafutha kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ekuqhubo-wheel onke kulo mzekelo akukho mfuneko? Kutheni ubunzima ezincinane, kodwa ukwehla iimpawu ezinamandla? Kutheni wabeka components wear olongezelelweyo, apho ngelo xesha kwakhona akukho mfuneko? Kwaye kwinkqubo sesindululo kubonakale lokungcangcazela ezahlukeneyo nengxolo ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa yaloo spin ubunzima enzima. Ukuba akukho yale umqhubi akanguye kuyimfuneko, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ukucima amavili ukusuka drive. Nantsi ke impendulo umbuzo wokuba ingaba maqumrhu kufuneka UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga".

Bamba off angaphambili amavili

It wabelithiyiwe ngokufanelekileyo iingcinga kwi amaxwebhu Russian-lwimi. Kokuba kakhulu amaninzi zigxunyekwe iliziko kwisibini phambi kweevili umsebenzi kwevili lexinene umsantsa coupling kunye drive xa akuyomfuneko ukuba umqhubi.

Wheel leeNdawo UAZ: Design and Operation

Ngoko, kunye nemisebenzi yezi yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa icacile. Kodwa ukuba zisebenza njani kwaye isebenza njani? Ukuphendula le mibuzo mibini ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi ukuba iintlobo na. Yezithuthi off-kwendlela kusetyenziswa izixhobo manual kunye automatic. Kodwa osahluleyo abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo lunqunyanyisiwe.

Hand

Ezi mveliso afumaneka imifuziselo ezininzi yeemoto off-kwendlela phantse bonke abenzi naphi na ehlabathini. Hand leeNdawo UAZ kwakhona aqheleka kakhulu kwilizwe lethu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa

Le ndlela isetyenziswa ukwenzela ukunciphisa banxibe amacandelwana neendibano kwi drive asi ngaphambili imoto, ngokunjalo kuqoqosho amafutha, xa badla kufuneka ukuhamba ngeendlela ngamatshe. Xa umqhubi sivala ibhulorho, oko kwakhona kucetyiswa ukuba ukucima hub drive ezintendeni ngaphambili.

na kwenziwa njani? Ngokutsho imiyalelo efike UAZ imoto "Hunter" neenafu kufuneka ukuba atshintshele kwisigxina esikhethekileyo. Amaxesha amaninzi le sikhundla ibhalwa izindlu actuator. Oku kufuna usebenzisa isitshixo ekhethekileyo ukususa le chap, uze ukhulule ethole ukusuka uqhuba shaft umngxuma. Wena ke ukuguqulela emkhonweni kwindawo apho emseleni thunzi kumphezulu uya kuwela moya mnye ekupheleni isabelo esisangqa. Emva koko kufuneka nsinya isiciko. Oku kuyinyaniso kuzo zonke iimodeli UAZ off-endleleni. Ngoko ke, indlela ukucima kweevili ezijikelezayo, kakade. Indlela ukwenza leeNdawo UAZ? Kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuthi kokujikeleza le ngesibopheleli ethole kwaye ikhuselekile.

Ukusuka konke oku kokuba kuqondwe ukuba ekupheleni drive shaft coupling ziqinisiwe. Ngoko, ke, ngesixhobo olulodwa emibonweni ezinxulumene esisangqa hub okanye uphendule yodwa ingaxhomekeki hub. Devices kuchaphazela ukuthembeka kwabo, kodwa ukusebenzisa le hub kakhulu kugula, ngoko ukuze lemoto UAZ "Hunter" neenafu yale hlobo nje phantse kusetyenziswa. Musa ukuyisebenzisa kwabo eminye imifuziselo ukuba avelise namhlanje.

izixhobo Modern: izikhungo 2.0

Ngoku, xa ufuna ukwenza khubaza okanye ukuba amavili ukuba baphume emotweni kunye nje ngokwaneleyo ukuba ushintshele esikhethekileyo kwisikhundla oyifunayo. La malungiselelo-2 kuphela: 4x4 okanye 2x2. Ngoko ungafumana ubuyele kummandla lemoto kwaye ukuqhubeka indlela.

Kanye iquka neenafu e UAZ, leyo efakwe uninzi kwezithuthi off-kwendlela yale brand kunye nezinye iintlobo, nkqu nabaphesheya. Ke zona iinkcukacha zobugcisa, ukuba umenzi ngalinye uyakwazi kwefowuni.

Ubuhle lobubi

Phakathi iingenelo ayintsonkothanga, okuye iindlela manual zingahlukaniswa amandla amakhulu. Amandla apho uvimba. Kwakhona ukuba amathuba ziquka benolungelelwano yokwakha, ukuthembeka kunye usebenziso olulula.

Kodwa ukumisela neenafu for UAZ, musa ukulibala malunga neengxaki. Ngoko ke, ngokuba kufuneka baphume emotweni kwaye ucoce ngezandla ezimdaka phezu ezinodaka, kwaye wayedla ice eyenziwayo.

Ewe, kufuneka athi malunga ngumkhenkce. Abanye abenzi wenze itshintshela zeplastiki. Kwakubonakala ukuba nezinto etyeni enokusetyenziswa kuphela nenkqubo yokuhambisa. Kodwa ke kukho iqabaka iplastiki enkulu akuthethi ngumkhenkce, yaye oku kwenza kube lula kakhulu indlela wayicima kwezinye imo yokusebenza.

Ukanti kwelinye icala esihle neenafu manual ziquka ithuba efana kufakwa okanye uyeke asi engaphambili ngqo ukusuka esaluni sendleleni, ukuba neenafu (UAZ "ilofu" okanye "ngokuthanda uhlanga", bebekwe - ngaphandle umahluko) loMthetho Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant ibifakiwe ngaphambili. Oku kucwangcisa i uncedo kakhulu xa imoto walisa phezu inxalenye mtyibilizi yendlela okanye ukubetha umgibe udaka.

Hleze naziphi na izinto ezothusayo, abaqhubi ezininzi ziqala ukuba zibandakanye ezi iindlela ngexesha ilahleko yokuqala ezinkulu ikhephu. Cheba entwasahlobo, xa zonke igada owomileyo. Kwakhona, cima kweendawo, nangaliphi na ixesha, ukuba ufuna ende kakhulu asphalt owomileyo. Esi ninengqiqo, nto ingqinwa iminyaka yokwenza kwabo bonke abaye sele usebenzise i maqumrhu (UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga"). Ukuphononongwa, iifoto ukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ulwazi. Ngezi ndlela kulula, elula kwaye nokukusindisa na selitha amafutha, okanye ngaphezulu. Abantu abaninzi boyika ukuba xa usebenzisa neenafu ivaliwe ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ixesha, ngoko oko kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwebhulorho okanye isithuthi. Kodwa bonke lilize. On imifuziselo ezininzi ukugqiba ikepusi okhethekileyo ovumela torque ezinikwe ukudluliselwa rhoqo ukuya asi engaphambili ngaphandle angasebenzi ubunakho.

automatic

Ngoku kufuneka ukuba sithethe malunga neendawo oluzenzekelayo. umahluko zazo eziphambili ezivela kunezixhobo lesandla umqhubi kukuba ukuze ukutshintshela ukuba kwisikhundla efunekayo, akukho mfuneko ukuba ashiye elingaphakathi imoto. Ukuze uqalise i drive ngaphambili-wheel, qhagamshela ibhulorho ngqo ndlwana. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, kusenokuba yimfuneko cofa ezinye i iqhosha olulawula ngqo izikhungo.

Zisebenza njani?

Kukho iinketho ezininzi zentsebenzo. Le actuator lungaba injini yombane imvelaphi inyuselwa khona phakathi kwezindlu kunye maqumrhu utshintshe nje for UAZ-469 okanye nayiphi na enye indlela. Kwakhona, emoyeni okanye inkqubo ngamanzi ingasetyenziswa ukulawula umsebenzi mshini.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abalandeli off-kwendlela izixhobo hub, leyo banoku ngokuzimeleyo. It iqaliswa bomatshini, xa torque ukuya wheel drive. design ngamnye pluses zayo minuses. Ngezantsi apha siza kujonga ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

LeeNdawo ne electric drive

Ezi zixhobo adibanisa ukuthembeka eliphezulu, kwakunye elula ngezixhobo ngasandla kuyimfuneko nokudlulisela umbane enjinini ulawulo, yokubolekisana kunye hub ivili. Kukho ingxaki encinane - brush, ezithwala yangoku iqhutywa iimeko kunokuba ngqwabalala. Le ukungcola ubudala ubudala, iimeko ezinzima lobushushu. Yakuba inkqubo nje akayi ukuvula, kwaye imoto ngexesha elifanelekileyo uya kuba drive lingena-wheel. Kulo mzekelo, kuphela itrektara nga tsala SUV ngaphandle kumgxobhozo.

Isixhobo cleaner

Emva drive-wheel ezine sivuliwe, nempompo okhethekileyo uqala ukumunca zonke nokuhlangana ivili emfono kwinkqubo emoyeni. Kule nkqubo, i-hub iyabhlokwa. Ngaloo mzuzu, xa drive kuya kufuneka ukuba ukhubaze i nkqubo iza kusebenza ngenye indlela ngeenxa - umva yokumpompa umoya ngaphakathi kwinkqubo.

Kule design, yonke into kakuhle, kodwa kwingongoma ethile. In ukrakra ebandayo irabha ezitywine ukuze lukhuni, yaye ngelo xesha drive-wheel ezine akuyi kuqalisa. Ngokuqwalasela ncomo, neenafu kwi zidle kunqabile ukusebenza ngokonwaba. Zonke ngenxa yokuba ngenxa amatywina lonke ukungcola nomgxobhozo okulahlwayo unelungelo ngaphakathi - kule ndawo kunye iibheringi.

isisombululo Classical ngokuzenzekelayo

Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Bona ezifakwe phantse zonke-wheel-drive iimoto. apha drive - ngokwam iimoto transmission. Ngokwalo mgaqo ngu kakuhle yaziwa kwaye ethandwa AVM leeNdawo UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga".

Xa umqhubi inxulumanisa ibhulorho ngoncedo lwetyala transfer kwaye kubonakala kwisixhobo isiqingatha-torque luvalwe. Ukuba nithe nabuya umva phezulu, i element, ngokulandelelana, waza uyawavala kwakhona, kodwa kwelinye icala. Ngalinye xesha enjalo inguqu kwicala le hub zizakucima zilayite, yaye eli xesha kuya kukhatshwa ngesibetho indlela yokudlulisela i. Ukuba usebenzisa i enyovwayo kunye lever zebhokisi izinika lunamandla ngakumbi, ngoko Bovuthela kuya kuba kubi ngakumbi.

Ukuba umqhubi ukhubaze drive ukusuka ndlwana, ngoko qiniseka ukuba ukuqhuba umgama omfutshane kwelinye icala ukuya clutch sahlukana. Ukuba akwenzeki oku, ngoko hub ivuliwe, uze uqhagamshele okanye uyeke ibhulorho kunokuba ngqo kwi ndlwana. Oku kunokwenziwa de emva kokuba utshintsho elandelayo indlela, yena sivala.

Hub ukuba ivuliwe, ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iingxaki akayi vala isantya. Uninzi izithuthi off-kwendlela (UAZ kungekho ngaphandle) ukukwazi ukwenza okanye ukukhubaza lo drive ukuya kumiselwa kuphela kuyilo lwetyala wotshintsho. Ukuze benze oku, le nkqubo kufuneka sifakwe kwi synchronizer drive gear kwi-asi engaphambili.

Ngoko ke, lo hub kuphela apho iimeko ezinzima ngokwenene kakhulu ukhululekile kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa. Le ndlela ifuna Ukuphathwa ngenyameko. Le elibi kumatshini kunganciphisa ubomi yayo inkonzo ukuya umonakalo ngoko nangoko. Ukucima, kufuneka ukuqhuba kancinane ngasemva.

inikeza market

Kwinkqubo kophando lwemarike kwi iliso kuzo zonke iintlobo ezintlanu yemveliso zonke iimodeli UAZ off-endleleni. Kuqwalaselwa kuphela ezo iinketho ezikhoyo ngokorhwebo.

Le mveliso endala

De kube ngoku, market imoto le ukuze kuthengwe imodeli omdala eshicilelwa kwisityalo Ulyanovsk. Ezi nokucima kunye namavili nangoku efakwe imifanekiso impahla. Acute splines coupling bazibandakanya kunye emkhonweni embilwini. Ngetyholo, ke, igugile splines kwi phantsi waza waphumelela ubethwe okhethekileyo. Bolt - oku sisiseko yonke into. Ezi mveliso ziyafumaneka kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngenxa yobukho rhoqo ezivenkileni kunye nendleko eziphantsi - intengo engange kuphela 500.

Ukuveliswa "Elmo"

Le nkampani silwenza neenafu, ezihlobeneyo i "Hunters" kunye "Simbir". Ezi mveliso zezona zona UAZ yaye amaninzi afumaneka kwi kwintengiso. imveliso eyenziweyo in Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezininzi - kunye nokucima zokuhombisa neenafu ezilula e UAZ. Photo ubuhle owodwa emangalisayo, kodwa ntwana yesicwangciso enjalo. Ixabiso yakhona ukusuka engange 920 ukuya 960. Kwakhona ngexabiso elifanelekileyo kakhulu.

"Esikhundleni"

Ezi mveliso efana kakhulu engaphambili, kodwa ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo, ezi milo umzimba ezahlukeneyo kancinane kunye nombala. Ukongeza, kukho yindlela into azakubalulwa ubunzima eliphantsi. Zenziwe Ufa. Ixabiso sibini nganye malunga 700 engange.

AIDS

Kukho angama ukuthengiswa "AIDS" UAZ. Abaqhubi wonelisekile ngokubanzi kunye nomsebenzi, kodwa hayi zonke drives, bakhangele kakhulu nezamkelekileyo tsakisaka. Kwafa intonga kakhulu, nto leyo ingcolise yonke look. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ezi zinto khangela ngokuqinileyo kakhulu kwaye ngokuqinileyo. Xa disks rhoqo kunye nala maqumrhu baza kuba nako ukubeka ikepusi kwakhona. Kodwa umsebenzi wabo lokudanisa yaye kokukhona kungekho mfuneko.

AVM

Mhlawumbi, le imveliso akuyomfuneko ukumela. AVM leeNdawo UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga" kwaye ezinye iimodeli umgca ziveliswa eBrazil. Kulula kakhulu ukufunda. kwizinga eliphezulu kungabonwa nkqu emzimbeni. Enye uvakalelwa ukuba izixhobo kunye neendlela ngentla basebenza ngokwenene. Kwakhona, lo mshini izixhobo elungileyo. Iindleko - 5000 engange. Kodwa ke ezi ndleko ukugwetyelwa ngokupheleleyo. Eyaziwa yemoto ncwadi olwenziwe uthotho lweemvavanyo kuzo zonke maqumrhu ezikhoyo emarikeni. Kwaye ke iziphumo zovavanyo yabonisa kwizinga eliphezulu ngokwenene ezi mveliso. Kunye neemodeli manual yaye esizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo nangokuchanekileyo ukwenza imisebenzi yazo.

Wheel leeNdawo UAZ "AVM" ifumaneka iinguqulelo ezine. Bonke bephela afanelekileyo naziphi iimodeli off-endleleni, nokuba kuquka imoto ndingaz-69. Ulayini zombini imifuziselo okuzenzekelayo manual, zombini kunye oluphuculweyo.

Ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa umgangatho le mveliso, kufuneka babe nolwazi iimbekiselo ezininzi, nto leyo bhala abanini kwezixhobo off-kwendlela lemveliso Ulyanovsk isityalo. Abo kancinci kusetyenziswa le ndlela ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso AVM - kukuthi, ngaphandle ubaxo, kweendawo kakhulu kwi UAZ "ngokuthanda uhlanga".

Ukongeza kwezi mveliso kwi yemoto ukuba "Rus" system kunye "Reef" kubonwa. Le ndlela-kwinqanaba elisezantsi, kodwa nazo ezithembakeleyo.

ukufakwa

Inkqubo endaweni clutch ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala kubalulekile ukuba indawo kakuhle indlela eyayisekwe ngaphambili. Ukuze wenze oku, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umlinganiselo izinga lobunzima bezikhulule kunye nezitshixo.

Ukusebenzisa ucingo ibhrashi nyulu iindawo zangaphandle ukusuka ubumdaka. Sockets linegunya iibholiti. Ukuba ethole akafuni kunikezela, ungasebenzisa isixhobo womoya.

Ke baphathwe kakuhle kobuso hub. Oku kufuneka ukususa ngokupheleleyo iintsalela kwezi gasket endala. Khuhla ukungcola, susa nerusi. umoya Xa inqwelo ithe nyulu imingxuma entengo. Iibholiti Kucetyiswa ukuba asebenzise imali encinci ngegrisi.

Xa wayemenza njengentsika entsha, musa ukuba kuhambe ukubuphelisa phakathi hub kunye isihlalo kufuphi nokuhlangana phezu sealant. Nangona umenzi kunye kuqinisekile, ibe spacer, kungcono ukuba ukudala ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo. Okulandelayo, bamba, kodwa kufuneka kuqala ufake nesabelo salo intermediate. Emva koko uvule indlela kunye gasket elimisiweyo. Ngaba neenafu kufuneka UAZ 'ngokuthanda uhlanga'? Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ukuba abo bamthandayo off-ndlela kunye neemeko ezinzima, kodwa uhamba rhoqo yakhona.

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa into okuthathwa neenafu ekuveliseni SUV Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. Siyathemba ukuba le ngcaciso ilapha ngasentla ziya kuba luncedo kuwe.