Kubanye Abazali eRussia. amaxwebhu ayimfuneko zokwamkelwa komntwana eRashiya

Ngokutsho imbono ethandwayo, ukuba amkele umntwana eRashiya cishe kungenakwenzeka, okanye - ubuncinane - an anzima kakhulu. Abokuqala enokubakho ukuqokelelwa eloyikekayo yamaxwebhu, unxibelelwano kunye nokuqashwa sengqondo kuthiwa nobutshaba abantwana owakhulisa kubasebenzi bamaziko karhulumente. Noko ke, ukuba usapho kanye nabo bonke wagqiba, ukwamkelwa eRashiya maxa algorithm olulungiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Kakade ke, oku kuya kufuna amandla, ixesha, kwaye mhlawumbi boyise ezinye iingxaki, kodwa akukho nzima ukuze abaninzi ngenxa yesizathu esithile kubonakala.

ubume bomtshato ye ngumzali

Ezinye zezi ngxaki okukhulu ukuze iintsapho okanye abantu abangabodwa umbuzo ngemeko yabo, yaye abaninzi iba kwafunyaniswa ukuba unalo ilungelo lokuba amkele umntwana nje isibini, isimo ophilileyo, kodwa sibini abahlala umtshato lembambano, kwaye nomntu ndililolo. Akukho ngokomthetho kubantu nalo status nje.

Kulo mzekelo, ukuba umtshato ibhalisiwe, nokuba abazali besibini zombini ngabazali (ngokulandelelanayo, bobabini kufuneka uqokelele amaxwebhu), okanye lufuna imvume iqabane ukuba yamkelwe. Ukuba amaqabane uhlala emtshatweni waseburhulumenteni, umntwana owamkelwe ngomnye wabo, kwaye kufuneka imvume iqabane emkhosini, iya kukwazi ukwamkela umntwana emva kokuba oko kuya kwenza iqabane lokuqala, inkqubo kuba oku kuya kwahluka kakhulu, njengoko umntwana uza kuba kakhulu esinye isimo (kuya babe namalungelo afanayo "lweenkobe", kwaye isicelo noko elula kunye nokuhlaziywa yoxwebhu, hayi kwinkundla).

Bekutyelelo nokuqashwa

Xa kunjalo, xa ukhetha ukuthatha usana lwakho kusapho lwakho okanye umntwana omdala, kufuneka kuqala isicelo nokulindwa uze ufumanise oko imiqulu kufuneka uqokelele ukuze yamkelwe. Employee kukukhawulela, ukuze uqhelane kunye uxwebhu ezingqina iinkcukacha nobume bakho, cela ngosapho lwakhe, malunga nezizathu ukuze yamkelwe, iimeko ohlala kuyo, malunga indlela yakho, umsebenzi; ucele umntwana yintoni isini kunye nobudala ungathanda ukubona intsapho yakhe.

Kuthathwe intlanganiso ayikwazi igama, i umhlobo lokuqala kuphela nani ukugada. Akukho izigqibo luluvo akukho umsebenzi akanalo ilungelo lokwenza. Kodwa - njengokuba esoloko yonke - usiqonda ozenzayo umqeshwa kudlala indima elithembekileyo neliyingqondi kwixesha elizayo, ekubeni abantu abahlala kweli hlabathi, yaye, njengoko kunjalo ngokusemthethweni zonke enoba kwenzeka ntoni, uncedo lwabasebenzi ngexesha eli cebiso enye I irhoxisiwe.

Uza kubhaliswa umntu wayefuna ukuba umviwa abazali umntwana njengowabo. Kwintlanganiso enye, uya kufumana uluhlu lwamaxwebhu ukuba ufuna ukuqokelela, uza kunibalisela ngemeko amanyathelo elandelayo ekufuneka wenziwe.

collection of amaxwebhu

Federal kunye nemithetho akwingingqi rhoqo ukuba evuthiswe kwaye watshintsha, yaye isiqhelo sokuba utshintsho yazo kukubonisa ukuququzelela iinkqubo adoption. Kubanye Abazali e Russia ibandakanya le ntetho la maxwebhu alandelayo:

• isiqinisekiso imeko yakho yempilo, esakhiwa ifomu eyodwa;
• isatifiketi esichaza ukuba akukho kugwetywa ephepheni enzima;
• kwingxelo yengeniso (qaphela ukuba ingeniso yosapho lincinane ayibalwanga ukusuka kwinani labantu ukuba kuquka phambi kusapho umntwana, makuthathelwe ingqalelo umntwana);
• uxwebhu eqinisekisa ubunini kwezindlu, okanye imvume umqeshisi ukuba amkele umntwana okanye ngenye indlela. Luhlobo luni amaxwebhu kufuneka ukuvelisa, ngokuxhomekeke kumalungelo nezindlu zenu, kwaye kulo mba kufuneka udibane ukhathalelo umsebenzi;
• iimpawu omsebenzi, nto leyo endaweni inkcazelo indawo yokuhlala okanye impendulo kwisicelo kwisebe yamapolisa;
• isicelo adoption;
• ikharityhulam vitae emfutshane;
• kukungqina uxwebhu ukuba sele kudlule iikhosi zoqeqesho abazali ongengowakho.

Enyanisweni, khangela olu luhlu phambi kokuba ngotyelelo nokulindwa kuphela "yolwazi" indawo - ukuqonda oko kuyimfuneko umgaqo. Noko ke, ukuba kuqokelela amaxwebhu ewongeni yenza ingqiqo kuphela emva kokuba umqeshwa uya kukunika nje kuphela uluhlu lwangoku lwamaxwebhu, kodwa iifomu ukuba ugcwalise. Inyaniso yeyoba nawuphina umntu satifikethi sikhutshwa ayikho kwifom, nokulindwa unelungelo ungamkeli mazwi - kungekhona aliqonde zabo kwaye zisekelwe phezu yokuba la maxwebhu koko kufuneka kwinkundla, ogama kwezigqibo kuxhomekeke kwakhona kwi amaxwebhu achanekileyo . Amaninzi, oku kusenzeka iingxelo zonyango okanye ingxelo yengeniso.

Iikhosi zoqeqesho abazali abangabondli

Okwangoku, ukwamkelwa eRashiya akunakwenzeka ngaphandle bekutyelelo izifundo ezizodwa zoqeqesho abazali ongengowakho. Enye yeenjongo eziphambili kwezi khosi - abantwana kubuya nokuthintelwa iintsapho akhuthaze amakhaya abantwana. Kutsha nje le ngxaki, ngelishwa, ixabisa kakubi ngokwenene.

Kwelinye icala, imisebenzi kaRhulumente ukulawula ngaphezulu, ukuze abantwana musani ukuwela ezandleni anekhono kwaye alungele neentsapho kwakunye neentsapho, ukusukela ezinye iinjongo zokuzingca. abantwana badla kakhulu zibuyiselwa abantu ezintandane ukuzithemba, kwaye ukuba intsapho nto ngaphezu ekruqukile, ngoko ke umntwana sijamelane enzulu ukuhluthwa ithuba wakhe ukuba abe njengentsapho: kuyaziwa ukuba umntwana ukungaphumeleli ngamnye yaye ukulungele yaye uyakwazi kakuhle "siyohlala" entsapho.

Kwelinye icala, iingcali Silungiselela abazali besibini kuba iinzima ezisemthethweni (kakhulu ngazo le nkqubo wokwamkelwa), umthengi, zonyango, yaye - kunye ingqalelo ekhethekileyo - ngokwengqondo. kwengqondo Iiklasi kwizifundo ezo uqeqesho, bayamenywa ukuba izifundo abasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo, amagqwetha kunye wabamba abazali besibini. Kakade ke, njengoko ezintweni zonke, umgangatho kunye nentsingiselo kwezi khosi kakhulu idlala indima umba oluntu, kodwa abazali bayazi ngokwenene amaninzi lukhulu kwezi seshoni, kwaye uncedo psychological namacebiso ukuba isicelo kwezi khosi kunye nasemva nokwamkelwa .

Khangela kwezi khosi ngokwabo awudingi. Umsebenzi we nokulindwa uya kwenza ngayo ezi khosi kunye zilungelelanise eli ziko, nto leyo ngokuqhelekileyo iMisebenzi enye ezintandane. Ubude kwezi khosi iyahluka, kuxhomekeke kangaphi iintlanganiso kunye nokuphelela leqela ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Ngokomthetho kuthatha iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu. Ngaxeshanye kunye bekutyelelo khosi kuqokelelwa amaxwebhu ukuze yamkelwe. Phezu kwezi khosi, nixoxe ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi iimeko wokwamkelwa kwaye ubuze yonke ezikuxhalabisayo.

Emva kokutyelela kwekhosi baze bapase isatifikethi sokugqibela kwengqondo ukubhala uluvo ukuzimisela kwakho ube ngumzali foster ndibunike kukhuselo lwentlalo, iingalo zakho ziya kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokuzimasa le nkqubo.

Emva nokuqokelelwa amaxwebhu

Kunye namaxwebhu eziqokelelweyo kufuneka sibuyele nokulindwa. Emva kokuhlolisisa ku hetiseka amaxwebhu, ilungu labasebenzi liya kumisela umhla ngotyelelo lwakhe kusapho lwakho - ukuba ukuhlola iimeko zokuphila kunye amathuba igumbi kwezi meko umntwana. Le ntlanganiso kufuneka kwenzeke zingadlulanga iiveki ezimbini kamva, ngexesha ekulungeleyo. Ngelo umhla kamva umqeshwa ziza kuphela isicelo sakho. Noko ke, mhlawumbi, uya kucelwa ukuba uphephe oku, njengoko kubaqeshwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje zokukhusela intlalo yoluntu kule ndlela, ingakumbi phantsi kolawulo, kunye nalwazelelelo kwabo yaye kucothe ixesha yale ntlanganiso kwimimandla ezininzi.

utyelelo lwakhe - ubungqina formal kuphela ukuze sikuzuze enokuba komntwana endlwini kunokwenzeka. Akukho iimfuno ezizodwa lwezindlu ayiboniswanga, kufuneka ube nje indlu ekhuselekileyo, efanelekileyo yokuhlala. Umntwana adoptable, yaye ikhaya labucala ngaphandle izibonelelo kunye indlu kunye nempahla endilisekileyo, kwaye kusapho izilwanyana. Ingenakulinganiselwa ukunqongophala kwamanzi amdaka, akukho endala iphepha lodongo, akukho nja ayikwazi isizathu esisemthethweni zokwala. Noko ke, ukwamkelwa eRashiya kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ikhaya lakho ikhuselekile, oko wathobela kunye nemigangatho yempilo, hayi, masithi, izalamane ndlongondlongo kunxila, kwaye kukho lwalunentaphane ukukhula kunye nophuhliso ngempumelelo lo mntwana.

Isimo abaviwa ukuba abazali besibini

Xa onke amaxwebhu ayemka, kunye nosapho lwakho ukuba batyelele kwiGosa yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo, uya kubhaliswa "abaviwa nabazali." Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kuba nelungelo atyelele data bank iinkedama. Abafaki banikwa isiqinisekiso okhethekileyo, enika umntwana unelungelo lokusetsha kuzo zonke iingingqi weRashiya.

Emva koko, njengoko umthetho, abazali beze uvimba zommandla babhalise kwakhona ngokuzalisa le khweshine kunye neminqweno zabo malunga nekamva umntwana. Imihlathi ezaliswe umntwana ukubandakanya ngokwesondo, lobudala, imbonakalo yomzimba, kwakunye nezinye iimfuno. Ngoko ke abasebenzi babenolwazi iikhweshine wabazali nabo bantwana ngeli xesha na kuvimba kwedatha mmandla.

Ukuba abaninzi kubonakala ukuba ephambili eRashiya na ukwamkelwa langaphandle kwaye ufumane ulwazi malunga nempilo yomntwana phantse akunakwenzeka ngaphandle wokukhuthaza zemali phezu abasebenzi uvimba. Noko ke, oko akunjalo. Amakhulu iintsapho Russian basebenzise iintsana esempilweni entle loo ubudala, nokuba yiyiphi, ndiliphuphileyo.

Iimfuneko umntwana ongekazalwa

Mhlawumbi ufuna umntwana kuya kuthatha ixesha elithile, kodwa konke oko kuxhomekeke kokulindelekileyo yentsapho. Kakade ke, ukuba uluhlu lwe mfuneko enkulu intsapho kubalulekile ukuba umntwana nje kwiminyaka ethile, kodwa kwakhona nenkangeleko ethile, yaye inqanaba eliphezulu uphuhliso, akazange abe naluphi na uxilongo lwezonyango kunye 'batshoniswe Entliziyweni "xa uqala, kufuneka silinde ixesha elide, ngaphezu ukuba usapho nje ufuna ukuthatha umntwana ngaphandle iSifo kakhulu, ubudala, uthi, ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwiminyaka emine.

Kakade ke, ukuba sele bayizalisa kweminqweno nguno eneenkcukacha kakhulu kwaye kumiselwe ubuninzi, uya ubuncinane kunika iinkangeleko yabantwana, kunye vice versa. Ngoko ke, abazali abaninzi kuba kubonisa kuphela ubudala ilingane, kwaye kwi "sex" kwikholam ukugxininisa elithi "ezinqwenelekayo 'ukuze abe nako ukubona lweeprofayile abanye ngesondo nabantwana, njengoko bathembela kakhulu bayahlelwa kunokuba kwiimbono zabo iingcinga. abasebenzi unakekelo ibhanki data uxelele ezininzi amabali malunga nendlela, umzekelo, ipere phupha unyaka omnye-boy mhlophe, yaye ngenxa yoko lamkele seminyaka emihlanu ukuya intombazana ezimnyama-eyed ezisixhenxe.

Direction kwiziko

Abasebenzi, emele babizwa ngokuba "yibhanki wokwenziwa oonyana," unelungelo ukubonisa inani mda labantwana profiles ehambelana neemfuno abaviwa. Noko ke, abazali eve eqhelene kuphela kunye nomntwana omnye. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, abaviwa simazi ezinenani mda labantwana, kodwa sihlandlo ngasinye kwidathabheyisi baya kunikwa imvume ukuhlola kunye nomntwana omnye kuphela.

Emva Ukuqhelana umntwana kwi olunokubakho abazali ithuba lokuba eze naye iintsuku ezilishumi uze wenze isigqibo malunga nokwenzeka wokwamkelwa. Kuphela kwimeko apho abaviwa baya kubhala uyalahlwa ngokusesikweni oonyana, baya kuba nako ukufumana imiyalelo umntu amaziyo na omnye umntwana.

Kudla ngokuthi abazali ezinokwenzeka babhale kuchithwa akukho awayeqhelene usana, kuba ngaphambi kokuba intlanganiso yazo kunye nabo udliwano-ndlebe nabasebenzi umntwana. Umzekelo, ukuba beze leenkedama, ukwamkelwa unako ukongamela ugqirha oyintloko, isayikholojisti kunye nonontlalo-ntle. Abafaki zicelo zinikwe ingcaciso epheleleyo malunga umntwana, oko kubonisa ukuba ikhadi zonyango, unika iinkcukacha kuphuhliso yayo abazali bemvelo, ngokuziphatha kwakhe. Abazenzi iimeko ezibuhlungu abaviwa bacelwe ukuba athethe iqela kootitshala bokuhlohla kunye notitshala ngokusekelwe ecinga ukuba ashiye intlanganiso kunye yamkelwe.

Nolwazi nomntwana

Nolwazi kunye nomntwana - kuba mzuzu ethe kakhulu kwaye kubalulekile ukuba abazali, nabantwana evela leenkedama. Nkqu abantwana omncinane ukuqonda ngandlel 'ukuba babo "banyuliweyo", yaye ngokufuthi ke luvo, oneentloni, abafumana, ndizama ukumkholisa.

Ngeli xesha, Kakade ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukulungiselela ngengqondo. Uninzi abadala amava ixhala kunye ntshikilelo wa angayaziyo. Ingcinga ebuhlungu - le ucinga ukuba kufuneka ihlangane "okungalungile" umntwana owayeza kufuneka kuyilandulela. Ngoko ke, nkqu ngaphambi kwentlanganiso ukuze ukwazi abasebenzi kwelo ziko nokuba iinkcukacha yentlanganiso iimeko, indlela unokuthelekelela ngcono imini nokushenxisa "ayaziwa" kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Nolwazi umntwana kakhulu ukuba yenzeke kwigumbi umdlalo, apho kukho ezininzi zokudlala, ifanitshala bekhululekile. Kwezinye amaziko ukuvumela umntwana ukuba sisale yedwa, kwezinye kwintlanganiso ebibanjelwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likatitshala. Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana unako ukuhamba, abanye anxibelelane kuphela kweli gumbi. Ngokwayo uthando nemvelo ngokoqobo neentloni abadala kunye neziko umfundi. Noko ke, njengoko umthetho, iimvakalelo bathwele kakhulu macala emva kwexesha akusekho ingqalelo yengxinano intlanganiso kwenzeka ngokwendalo.

Intlanganiso yokuqala idla kakhulu elifutshane. Abantu abadala kunye abantwana bafumane ukubona ngalinye enye. Enye iintsapho kwanele ukwenza isigqibo, eminye ifuna ezinye iintlanganiso. Ngokubanzi, i ekhulile umntwana lowo, inkulu nemfuneko lokudibana naye.

Emva kokuba isigqibo

Ukuba yonke into kakuhle, yaye abazali baqonde ukuba bafumana umntwana wabo, bayakuvumela umsuse kuqala phantsi nokulindwa okanye kwangoko ukulungiselela amaxwebhu zentendelezo ukulamkela. INkundla kaninzi kuthatha isigqibo esifanelekileyo, njengoko abasebenzi baqaphele iliso amaphepha kunye nokuthotyelwa eyiyo adoption. Ngamanye amaxesha kwi inkundla yenza isigqibo sokuba inkomfa ezindlebeni ngenxa uphumezo olungachanekanga uxwebhu.

akhuliswe

Emva zokwamkelwa usapho zisenokufihla ingcamango yokuba umntwana wayekhulile bangafunda imvelaphi yabo. Ngoku abazali pre-njengowabo ngakumbi nangakumbi isigqibo ukuba kuthi umntwana evela kwimbali ofihlakeleyo livela entsatsheni, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukuzilungisa ukuba ibali imvelaphi yayo. Inkoliso yabo isekelwe kwinto yokuba umntwana zisenako ubunokwazi inyaniso kwaye baya kuziva bakhohlisa, kwaye isiphumo sale "rhwaphilizo" kungaba yinto nje ziganeko, kodwa kabuhlungu. Sinqwenela ke, ukuba 'wavula amehlo umntwana' inokuba ngokwaneleyo.

Isibakala sokuba ebizwa ngokuba "imfihlelo wokwamkelwa" sisebenza kuphela kumagosa. Abasebenzi nokulindwa kunye norhulumente arhente awanalo ilungelo ukunika nayiphi na ingcaciso malunga bayahlelwa kunye wokugqibela komntwana. Ke zona izihlobo, abahlobo kunye nabamelwane, ukuba ukhululekile kwezi zibophelelo, kwaye yokufihla imeko lokwenyaniso kwemicimbi kubo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa usana adopter. Abamelwane, nabo kunye abazana nje - inokuthenjwa ubungqina ngokuzenzekelayo ngayo ebomini bethu kwaye kaninzi kwabenzi imidlalo usapho ngokuphathelele foster abantwana.

Kulapha kule meko ke ziyalela yokwenene, kaninzi usapho akalindelanga imilinganiselo yokuziphatha nobubele ebantwini kwaye ugqiba ukuba ukugcina umntwana ngokwabo evela nongenelelo ezinjalo, nokuzeyisa lokuvula umntwana inyaniso.

"Imfihlakalo wokwamkelwa" igcinwa kuphela ngengqiqo yokuba, ngokomthetho, abasebenzi arhente awanalo ilungelo lokuba izihlobo indawo umntwana eyayisakuba, ukuba sele yamkele ukuba inshorensi usapho okhulisa ukusuka nokungena umntwana inxenye yabo.

Ngokubanzi, umyalelo wokwamkelwa eRashiya ulawulwa, yaye kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo phulo ngokwaneleyo, ixesha nomonde ukufumana nokwamkela ilungu losapho elitsha.