Sokucheba Occam kaThixo. ukunciphisa kungadingeki

Uilyam Okkama wayengomnye sobulumko ithandwayo kwinkulungwane XIV. Kodwa modernity uyazi kuphela zabhalwa umgaqo lula. Kwenye yeencwadi zakhe, yena isindululo anqunyulwe onke ukuntsonkotha agqithisileyo, eshiya wempikiswano kuphela edingekayo. Lo mgaqo ekuthiwa "sokucheba Occam kaThixo" yaye kuvakala ngathi le nto: "Musani ukukwandisa amaqumrhu ngaphandle imfuneko." Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba inikeza apho kunokwenzeka, ngaba iingcaciso ezilula, hayi nzima kubo.

Ububanzi isimiso Occam

Umgaqo "Bokwemba Occam kaThixo" kukuba argument awumele kunye iingqiqo lixesha kunye ngokoMthetho, ukuba unako ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo. Marito zatshintsha izihlandlo ezininzi, kodwa ingqondo kule meko kuhlala ingatshintshanga.

Ezibhaliweyo monographs ezininzi malunga nendlela i "sisitshetshe Occam kaThixo". Lo mgaqo iye ibalulekile njengoko ukungamkelwa lesithathu, okanye logic ingcamango ka physics.

Kodwa kusetyenziswa nokuba "Bokwemba Occam kaThixo" kubomi bemihla ngemihla? Okanye inokusetyenziswa kuphela ngeenjongo zophando? Ukuba sithethe ngezinto umgaqo elula, nokuba iimeko ezinjalo ziyenzeka kwinzululwazi xa sicinga ogcino engazisi iziphumo kulindeleke? Kwaye uhlala khona ebomini olungele ukusombulula ingxaki kuphela xa befika?

Kakade ke, iimeko ezinjalo wokwenene kakhulu, njengoko inzululwazi kunye nobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla musa flow kakuhle yaye ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ukuba uthathe izigqibo ezithile apho kuxhomekeke indlela elizayo yobomi okanye iziganeko yenzululwazi. Kwaye kukho kufika ixesha xa ingcamango ugugile ithathwa entsha ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ngeli xesha akukho mfuneko ukusombulula iingxaki ngoncedo "sokucheba Occam kaThixo". Akukho mfuneko ukusika i "extra", kungenjalo uya kuphoswa into ebalulekileyo ngqo okanye uluntu ngokubanzi.

Ngoko ke, sinokugqiba ngokuthi "sokucheba Occam kaThixo" usebenza kwimeko xa kwinzululwazi kumgangatho wobomi akulindelekanga ukubaa ukutshintsha.

Isicelo Umzekelo Occam nokusungulwa

Oyingcali kwimbali intanda-Middle Ages Filoteus Bener enye kwiintlelo ka-1957 uthi "Bokwemba Occam kaThixo" ikakhulu ziqulunqwe ngumbhali ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ". Musa aphikisane kakhulu ngaphandle kokokunyanzelwa" Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba Uilyam Okkam wavakalisa kuphela umgaqo elula, eyaziwa ukususela ngexesha Aristotle. Ubuhlakani, ibizwa ngokuba 'ngumthetho ngezizathu ezaneleyo. "

Umzekelo, imeko apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuba sisebenzisa isimiso sisitshetshe Occam anokuyibangela impendulo yayisenza yamachiza kwezezibalo Laplace uMlawuli uNapoleon. Kuthiwa-nzulu yokugqibela wathi xa imibono yakhe ayikho indawo ngokwaneleyo uThixo. Ukuba Laplace waphendula wathi: "Mna kwakungekho mfuneko lokufunda le hypothesis."

Ukuba babeke siseko elula kunye noqoqosho ulwazi lolwimi, iya kukhangela ngolu hlobo: "Isigidimi ngqo - umyalezo omfutshane."

Lo mthetho ekunokuthiwa owona kwaye namhlanje iimfuno iingqiqo zemigaqo. Nganye kwezi nkcazelo ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka ngqo ukuphelisa amathuba yokudala ezingeyomfuneko, ozibiza zonke iinkalo.

Xa anengqondo uqoqosho ngeenkolelo ke ukuba akukho namnye okumgangatho Izicatshulwa kwamkelwa kufuneka kugquma kuphuma abanye. Yiloo nto ke ubungqina saziwe akufunekanga ibe iingxelo akufuneki ukuba akukho ngokunxulumene ngqo kuyo. Nangona lo mthetho ayikho imali enyanzelekileyo.