Russian: orfogrammy. Zonke ulwimi orfogrammy Russian

ulwimi Russian esisityebi orfogrammy, uyazi umntwana ngamnye. Ekubeni sifunda imithetho ezininzi, musa ukubala ebuntwaneni bakhe izifundo Russian, yaye zonke ukwenzela ukuba ukwazi upelo oluchanekileyo lwamagama. Zonke ulwimi orfogrammy Russian akabaqwalaseli kakhulu kangangokuba iingcali zeelwimi ngamanye amaxesha badidekile khohlwa. Eli nqaku liza kukunceda uqonde imithetho ezisisiseko upelo.

izikhamiso Unstressed kwi ingcambu ekungaqinisekwa "cha schA" orfogrammy

Lo mthetho, abantwana beqala ukufunda, njengoko umthetho, kwibakala lokuqala okanye abancinane. Umthetho kuyanceda ukuba wazi ncwadi ibhalwe ka ku kuso aka ilizwi. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "och_rovanie" angabhalwa ileta "o" kunye nencwadi "a". Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi na leta ibhalwe ilizwi, kuyimfuneko ukuba akhethe ingcambu elifanayo ngelizwi. igama elifanelekileyo kuba "Chara", ngokuba apha kugxininiswa iwela unobumba "a". Kuthetha ukuba i "umtsalane 'ukuba libhalwe ngoonobumba' a 'neengcambu.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba orfogrammy ngolwimi Russian nga ukuzisonga. Ngokomzekelo, omnye, angazinyatheleli ibaluleke kangako ke upelo "cha, conductive." kwi elithi "cha conductive" basoloko ebhaliweyo unobumba "a". Umzekelo, udada, Chara, umtsalane, ikomityi njalo njalo. D.

izikhamiso kunganqandwa amazwi ingcambu

izikhamiso kunganqandwa kwi ingcambu yegama - oku ke idla abafundi abaninzi akathandwa kumabakala aphantsi. Ngapha koko, xa ubhala amagama ezinjalo orfogrammy ukunceda nayiphi na imithetho. ulwimi Orfogrammy Russian kunye bezikhamiso unverifiable kwi ingcambu lunga khangelwa, ukubhala la mazwi kufuneka khumbulisisi kakuhle. Izikhamiso ayinakuqinisekisa ngamazwi afana :. Birch, raspberry vinaigrette, mall, izityalo, abantu, banana, itshokolethi, iidayimani, njalo njalo Ukubhala la magama ukuba ukukhumbula kanye nabo bonke, ukuze enze iimpazamo.

amaqabane Unpronounceable kwi ingcambu yegama

Kubalulekile ukufunda imithetho amaqabane unpronounceable kwi engcanjini ilizwi, ngenxa yokuba lo orfogrammy kaninzi kwenzeka kwi leta. Amaninzi amaqabane unpronounceable ngokuncamisayo iqinisekisiwe. Umzekelo: yingozi - intliziyo yingozi - intliziyo, ilanga - ilanga, isigebenga - ingxilimbela, bonwabile - ulonwabo, nelokuthula tu - udaba olubi, kunye nabanye.

izimaphambili Upelo ziphela z-, uC

Eneneni, abantu badla iimpazamo kwiibhokisi iseti-top, isiphelo ngo z- kunye c, nokuba uyazi kakuhle ulwimi Russian. Orfogrammy consoles eziqhelekileyo, ngoko ke kufuneka nje ukuba ukhumbule upelo elandelwayo exhomekeke zidlala. Zidlala ku z- kunye c zezi: umntu- / Boc, chrez- / cheres-, vz- / vs-, o- / Boc, iz / ezisetyenzisiweyo, ezahlukeneyo / ukusasazwa, ukungaqiniseki / ongenasiphelo kunye roz- / ros-.

Ukuze uqonde ukuba le ncwadi ibhalwe, kubalulekile ukujonga ezilandelayo-up. Ukuba ukulandela izithulu yamaqabane (k, n, t, w, w, f, s, h, s, v) emva unobumba isimaphambili, isimaphambili sibhalwe ngoonobumba 'c' umthetho onjalo ubonelela ulwimi Russian. Orfogrammy zibonisa ukuba emva esikhenkcezayo isandi, isimaphambili ibhalwe nge "s 'nesiphelo. Imizekelo nge "c": umsi, ukupeyinta, olumbhatshileyo, engaphele ndawo, njl Imizekelo "z" :. kakhulu, limfiliba, jonga imveliso kunye nabanye.

Alternating izikhamiso kwi ingcambu

Le alternation lwezikhamiso kwi ingcambu - lo mthetho ebalulekileyo, nto leyo eya kuhamba kunye umfundi ukusuka 5 ukuya kwibakala 11. Orfogrammy on the alternation lwezikhamiso kwi iingcambu babe phantse zonke iimviwo, ezifana OGE (leDPA) nakuviwo.

Orfogrammy ulwimi Russian ibandakanye ubukho kumaqela amane nokuxuba, zonke iinkcukacha kufanele kuqwalaselwe:

• Roots apho ngokubhala zezikhamiso kuxhomekeke isimamva ilandelayo:

-ber- / Bir maziyo - / - baphe-, Perot - / - Pir, -stel - / - stil-, -blest - / - blist-, -der - / - dir-.

Ingcambu yaloo ilizwi ileta ebhalwe "yaye" ukuba lulandela -a- nesimamva: ukuyeka (kodwa babuye barhwaqele), aqhumisele (kodwa aqhumisele) kukhanya (kodwa ukhanye), kunye nabanye.

Ingcambu ilizwi elibhaliweyo "yaye" ukuba ulandela isimamva kwi -a-: touch (kodwa kwebala), ukuba ibingelele (kodwa oluza), kunye nabanye.

• Iingcambu, leyo ixhomekeke uxinzelelo noonone upelo igama:

-gar - / - gor-, -tvar - / - creative, -klan - / - klon-, -zar - / - zor-.

Xa uxinezeleko igama iwela unobumba "a", kubhaliwe ukuba engcanjini "a"; tan, kuguqa, nokukhanya, ngesifingo, kunye nabanye.

Xa uxinezeleko igama iwela ingcambu, kubhaliwe kwathiwa "malunga": ngendalo, isaphetha, behlel, Dawn kunye nabanye.

• Ukubhala izikhamiso kwi ingcambu yegama kuxhomekeke oonobumba emva kule noonone:

-rast - / - rasch - / - rosch-, -skak - / - skoch-.

Le leta "a" ibhalwe phambi "Art" yaye "u" :. Izityalo lwahluma, njl Le leta "o" ibhalwe zonke ezinye iimeko. Ngaphandle: ihlumelo, lokufikisa, ukukhula, umbolekisi, Rostov kunye nabanye.

"A" kubhaliwe phambi 'ukuya' yaye "o" kubhaliwe phambi "h":. Ukutsiba, xhuma, njl Izinxaxhi emnqakathi, ukutsiba, njalo-njalo ..

• Ukubhala izikhamiso kwi ingcambu kuxhomekeke ngentsingiselo:

-mak - / - IOC, -ravn - / - rovn-.

Kwimeko yokuqala ibhalwe "a" ukuba gama nemvo ukuntywiliselwa emanzini :. Dip, nkxu, njl kubhaliwe "kwi" ulwelo kunye ixabiso: manzi, hlala, zimanzi, kunye nabanye.

Kwimeko yesibini kubhaliwe kwathiwa "a" xa ixabiso lihambisana elithi "efanayo" :. Equal, lingana ne, njl kubhaliwe "kwi" xa ixabiso ntonye negama 'umgca ": agudileyo, bayilungisa, kunye nabanye.

Iileta "yaye", "s" emva "c"

Izityebi zihleli ezahlukeneyo lwemithetho Russian. Orfogrammy wafumana apha kwaye apho. Yiloo nto kanye kunye oonobumba "yaye", "s" emva ezingoonombini "n", abafundi basoloko bexakaniseka amagama abo. Enyanisweni, ukuze abhale amagama aqhelekileyo kunye orfogrammy ezinjalo, kufuneka ukhumbule, kuyo nayiphi na bhala kwimeko "kunye" kwaye apho 's':

• "Yaye" ukuba ubhale engcanjini elithi: lomzobo, sicatshulwa, isekisi, njengesilinda kunye nabanye.
• "Yaye" bhala amagama kwi "othi": uhlanga, iintetho, iinkomfa, ulwazi, uthengiso kunye nabanye.
• "S" kwi emsileni bhala phantsi ngamazwi kunye nezimamva: (akukho) ukumkanikazi (ingubo) Lisitsyn (akukho) nendodakazi et al.
• "S" zibhaliwe emicimbini ngaphandle: Roma, inkuku, chuck, chuck, tsyknut, phezu tiptoe, kunye nabanye.

Upelo lwezimaphambili phambi imfu-

consoles Upelo kunokuba nzima ulwimi Russian. Orfogrammy le nxalenye yegama isoloko ifumaneka ngamanani amakhulu. Noko ke, ngokubanzi kwi izimaphambili alo- kwaye imfu- ukhumbule kakhulu lula.

izimaphambili Used alo- xa:

• Kokuba imisiwe iibhokisi top idluliselwe: ukuyeka, block, kunye nezinye ezihlangwini.
• Inika igama iqondo eliphezulu umgangatho: siziphekuze nice, predobry, yandisa, ngaphezulu, ngaphaya kunye nabanye.

isimaphambili keni xa:

• izinto yokulinganisa: engaselwandle, kaZuma, inkundla, isikhululo njl
• It has intsingiselo kokudibanisa kelelo: baziqinisa, ukukhokela kunye nabanye.
• Zisibonisa ukuba incompleteness amanyathelo: prizakryt, ulale phantsi, qala, priutihnut kunye nabanye.
• Kubonisa isenzo ezigqityiweyo: uhlanganise, izidenge, kunye nabanye.

orfogrammy Mingaphi iminyaka yokufunda eyaziwa bonke ulwimi Russian. Ukuba ukufunda nokubhala kunye afundileyo, le mithetho upelo kwaye wenze imisebenzi eyenziwayo kuyimfuneko ukuba enqondweni. Izikolo ulawulo nganye ngononophelo belibhala.