Republic of Ingushetia: abantu. Abantu base-Ingushetia. Inani labemi bahluphekileyo e-Ingushetia

Ummandla omncinane kunazo zonke waseRashiya ngu-Ingushetia. Ukongezelela, sisifundo esincinane kunazo zonke kwiRussia Federation. Nangona kunjalo, imbali yala mazwe ubuyela kumaxesha amandulo. Inani labantu baseIngushetia liyintloko yebali lethu. IRiphabhuliki inomhla wama-74 kwiRussia Federation ngokwemibutho yabemi kwaye ihluke kwezinye iindawo kwimimandla emininzi yabantu kunye nezoqoqosho zentlalo.

Indawo yeendawo

IRiphabhlikhi yaseNgushethi ihlala eNtshona Caucasus. Umda weGeorgia, iNorth Ossetia, iStvropol Krai kunye neRiphabhliki yaseThenchen. Ummandla uhlala kwicala elingasenyakatho yeCaucasian ridge, kwinqanaba leentlabathi. Ubude beentaba zaseCaucasus kwintsimi yeRiphabhliki malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-150. Ukuxhaswa kwe-Ingushetia kubangelwa indawo yayo, inxalenye yeentaba ezinemizila enzulu kunye neentonga ezantsi ezisezantsi apha, inyakatho yommandla ihlala kwiindawo ezisezantsi.

I-republikhi inezindawo zokugcina zamanzi ezinzulu, iimlambo zayo zingomlambo weTerek umlambo. Umlambo omkhulu kunamanzi e-Ingushetia ngumlambo i-Sunzha.

Umhlaba weRiphabhliki kakhulu i-chernozem, kwaye oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlakulele nantoni na izityalo zezolimo apha.

Phantse iihektha ezili-140 zommandla zihlanganiswe ngamahlathi ahlambulukileyo, iintlobo ezinjalo zemithi njenge-oak, platan, beech zikhula kuzo.

Iibilini zase-Ingushetia zizityebi kwiimaminerali. Kukho iipasiti zeemabula, ioli, i-gas, i-limestone. I-republikhi inegama lomhlaba wonke ngamanzi alo amaminerali afana ne "Borjomi".

Imozulu kunye nemvelo

IRiphabhlikhi yase-Ingushetia ifumaneka kwindawo yendalo ephakamileyo yeentlanzi yelizwekazi. Imozulu iyahluka kuye kuxhomekeke kubude belizwe. Imimandla yeentaba zibonakaliswa ngehlobo elifudumeleyo elifutshane kunye nobusika obufutshane obusika. Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ubusika buhlala ixesha elide kwaye lunokuba lukhulu kakhulu. Iqondo lokushisa ebusika liphakathi -3 ... + 6 degrees. Ehlobo, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lisuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30 degrees Celsius. Njengoko sikwazi ukubona, abantu baseIngushetia bahlala kwiimeko ezintle kakhulu, uhlobo apha alukho luhle kuphela, kodwa luyamkeleka kumntu.

Ekubeni iCaucasus imdala, kukho ukuhlambuluka kwamanzi apha, ngoko ingozi enkulu evela kwiintaba iindawo zokuhlaselwa kwamathambo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwamanzi. Imeko engqongileyo e-Ingushetia ifanelekile, kukho amashishini amashishini ambalwa, ngoko ke akukho nto ikhutshwayo ngoLwesithathu. Ukulimala kwendalo kubangelwa ngabantu, ngokukodwa ukhenketho, kunye neenkampani zeoli. Kodwa ngelixa umgangatho wococeko lwamanzi kunye nomoya awubangele inkxalabo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwezendalo.

Imbali yokuhlala

Abantu babehlala e-Ingushetia kwixesha lePaleolithic. U-Ingush luhlanga lwangaphambili lwentlanga yaseCaucasia. Abantu baqulunqwe ngokusekelwe kwizizwe zendawo kunye neempembelelo ezininzi zeentlanga. Kwimiba emininzi emininzi, kwakukho iinkcubeko ezininzi zezinto zakudala. Ookhokho baseNtsush banamhlanje abameli beenkcubeko zaseKoban. Izizwe ezihlala kule mimandla zinamagama amaninzi: dzurzuketia, sanars, troglodytes. Amazwe atshabayo ase-Ingushetia ayehlala ekhangela aboyisa, ngoko ke abantu basekuhlaleni babeza kwakhiwa iinqaba kunye neendonga zokukhusela.

Kodwa iindawo ezinamandla zabamelwane ziqhubela phambili ukunyusa i-Ingush ezintabeni. Kuphela ngekhulu le-17 baya kukwazi ukubuyela kwi-plain. Ngelo xesha, amaSilamsi afika kula mazwe, okwenza kube yinto enqabileyo inkolo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, i-Ingushetia yinxalenye yolawulo lwaseRashiya. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kwaqulwa iinqaba zaseNazran, ezakhiwa ngamalungu amathandathu angama-ingush amakhulu kunawo onke afunga ukuthembeka kwi-Russian tsar. Ngowe-1860, iRiphabliki yaseTerek yasungulwa apha, eyaba emva kowe-1917 iNtaba yeNtaba. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, amagunya anquma ukugxotha abantu basekuhlaleni ngenxa yokukhula kwama-bandit formations. Ngowe-1965, iRiphablikhi yaseChechen-Ingush yadalwa. Emva kokuwa kwe-USSR ngenxa yeenkqubo ezinzima, iRiphabhlikhi yase-Ingushetia yakhiwa. Emva koko abantu baseIngushetia babancinci, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe abantu badibanisa kwiindawo zabo zembali kwaye baqala ukwakha ilizwe labo.

I-dynamic population ye-Ingushetia

Ukususela ngowe-1926, inani eliqhelekileyo leenani labahlali beRiphablikhi liyaqala. Kwaye kwahlala abantu abangamawaka angama-75. Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwenani elikhulu lemimandla kwiRiphabliki ngo-1959, inani labantu baseIngushetia landa liya kuma-710,000, kwaye ngo-1970 lwafikelela kwisigidi esisodwa. Ngo-1989 bekukho abantu abayizigidi ezi-1.2 kwiRiphabliki. Emva kokuwa kwe-USSR nokufumana ukuzimela, inani labahlali lawa ngokukhawuleza kubantu abayi-189,000. Ukususela ngeli xesha, ukukhula kancinci koluntu luqala, i-republic yada yalawula ukunqoba i-crisis years and almost no problems. Namhlanje abantu baseIngushetia bangama-472 abantu.

Ulwahlulo lolawulo nokusabalaliswa kwabantu

IRiphablikhi ihlukaniswe kwizithili ezine: iNazranovsky, i-Sunzhensky, i-Djeyrakh kunye neMalgobek, kwaye iquka imizi e-4 ye-subordination: i-Magas, i-Karabulak, iNazran neMalgobek. Ekubeni indawo yokugqibela yeeriphabliki ayichazwanga ngokubhekiselele kwimpikiswano yommandla kunye neNorth Ossetia kunye nomda ongaciniswanga kunye neChechnya, kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwimanani ukuba ibonise ubuncinane bee-3,685 iikhilomitha ezili-square. Km. Ubuninzi bemihlali ngabantu abayi-114 kwi-1 sq. Km. Km. Ininzi ehlala kuyo yi-Valley ye-Sunzhenskaya, apho ubuninzi bufikelela kubantu abangama-600 kwi-1 sq. Km. Km. I-Ingushetia ihluke kwiindawo ezininzi kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwesiqingatha sabemi abahlala kwiidolophana.

Uqoqosho kunye nomgangatho wokuphila

Ingushetia ngummandla onoqoqosho olungaphantsi, i-grants subsidiary grants come here, eqinisekisa ukuzinza kwendawo. Icandelo lucetyiswa kakuhle kwiRiphabhliki, libhekiswe ngokukodwa kumashishini acacisayo. Ininzi yoluntu isebenza kwezolimo nakwicandelo likarhulumente. Namhlanje, inani labampofu e-Ingushetia likhula, njengoko umveliso uhla. Ummandla uthathe inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuxhasa abantu abayi-5 000 abakhubazekile kunye neentsapho ezingama-28,000 ezinkulu. IRiphabhlikhi yase-Ingushetia, abemi bayo bafumana ubunzima bengqesho, inesilinganiso sokungabikho kwemisebenzi ka-14%, okuyimigangatho yaseRashiya eninzi. Kunzima kakhulu ukufumana umsebenzi kubantu abatsha abanezemfundo ephakamileyo, kuba umgangatho wezolimo uphantsi.