Uthini umthetho wexabiso? Iimpendulo

Imfuno yimalini yempahla enomnqweno yomthengi kwaye uyakwazi ukuthenga ngexesha elithile. Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-solvent requirements. Imfuno kunye nenani lokuthenga kufuneka lihluke phakathi kwabo. Iyokuqala imiselwe kuphela ngokuziphatha kwabathengi, kwaye okwesibini - ngumsebenzi wabathengi kunye nabathengisi.

Umthetho weemfuno uthatha oko?

Iimpendulo zalo mbuzo ziyinqobo yeso sigama. Iqulethwe ebusweni bobudlelwane obuphambene phakathi kweendleko zemveliso kunye nemfuno yalo. Kule meko, zonke ezinye iimeko ziyakwamkelwa njengelilinganayo. Ngamanye amazwi, umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba ukuba ixabiso lempahla liyakhula, ngoko imfuno yalo iyancipha.

Iyintoni imbangela yokuxhomekeka?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zalolu dlelwane. Umthetho wesidingo ukhombisa ukuba ezantsi iindleko zomkhiqizo, ukukhululeka kwabathengi ukuzithengela nangona babesithenge ngaphambili. Okokuthi, bayazi umgangatho wale mveliso. Ngako oko, iindleko zayo ezantsi zivuselela umnqweno wazo wokuba nemveliso eyaziwayo. Ukongeza, ixabiso lenza kube lula ukuthenga abantu abengenakukwazi ukuthenga. Iindleko eziphantsi zikhuthaza abathengi ukuba banciphise ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezibizayo. Izizathu ezibini zokuqala ezinikwe ngentla zibizwa ngokuba "ngempumelelo". Umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba xa ixabiso leempahla liwa, ukuhlengahlengiswa kwabantu kubanda. Isizathu sesithathu esichazwe ngentla sibizwa ngokuba "siphumo sokufaka endaweni". Ngokwenza, zonke ezi zinto zihlala zisebenza ngokufanayo.

Impawu zobudlelwane bezorhwebo

Inkqubo yokutshintshisiswa kweempahla kwiimarike ezikhuphisanayo zenzeka ngokwemiqathango ethile. Ziye zityhilwa kwiindawo ezithile zokuphendula kwezoqoqosho zezifundo kumlinganiselo wesiphumo kunye nexabiso layo. Umthetho weemfuno uthatha njengenye yemigaqo ephambili elawula inkqubo yokuthengiswa kwempahla kunye nokwakheka kwamanani. Ngaphezulu kwayo kwathiwa malunga nobudlelwane obuphambene nenani lemveliso kunye nobungakanani balo. Umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba ukugqithiswa kwemfuneko ngaphezu kwemfuneko kuthatha umqondiso kumvelisi malunga nokutya kweemarike. Kule meko, ukuthengiswa kwemveliso kunokwenzeka kuphela ngokuhla kwexabiso layo. Nangona ulwaphulo oluncinane lwesithethe somthengi luya kubangela ukwanda kwexabiso.

Ukuzaliswa kwezidingo

Umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba ukugqithiswa kwemfuneko ngaphezu kweemfuneko kuza xa umlinganiselo othile wokuthengwa kuthengwa. Abantu ngokuqhelekileyo bathenga umkhiqizo ofanayo ngenxa yokuhla kwexabiso. Kodwa umphumo ochaphazelekayo walo unomda othile. Ekuqaliseni kwayo, nangona kuqhubela phambili kweendleko, ubuninzi bemveliso ethengiweyo buya kuncipha. Ngaloo ndlela, umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba ukugqithiswa komthamo wesiphumo kubangela ukusetyenziswa okunciphisayo kwempahla nganye eyongezelelweyo yemveliso yegama elifanayo. Kubathengi, kuya kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukunciphisa umphumo obalulekileyo weendleko ezongeziweyo kubo. Ngenxa yoko, umthetho wesidingo ukhombisa ukuba ukudlula ukubonelela akuyi kukwandisa ukufumana nokuba ixabiso lemveliso linciphile.

Ngaphandle

Yintoni umyalelo wesigqibo esichazwe phantsi kwemiqathango eqhelekileyo ayiyi kubonakala kwiimeko ezintathu:

1. Ngenzuzo yezinye iintlobo zeemveliso ezibizayo nezinqabileyo, ezenza njengendlela yokubeka imali. Ngokomzekelo, zibandakanya iimfuyo, amatye anqabileyo, igolide, njl.
2. Ngeemfuno ze-antimonopoly, zonyusa ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
3. Xa ushintsha umthengi kwimveliso engcono nangaphezulu.

Ukuchaneka kwelo ganeko

Ngoko, umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba imfuno yabemi ibonakaliswe kwimarike kwaye ixhaswa ngemali. Ngelo xesha, umzuzi unokufuna umnqweno othile ngexesha elithile kunye nendawo ekhethiweyo nguye. Imfuno ithathwa njengento eyinkimbinkimbi. Yenziwe kwizinto ezihlukeneyo. Zisekelwe kumthetho weemfuno. Ingaba umboleki uthatha isizathu sokuba athenge le nto okanye loo mveliso? Njengomthetho, umntu unenjongo ecacileyo malunga neemveliso azifunayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokusemthethweni, umthetho weemfuno uquka ukudibanisa kwezinto ezinemimandla, imimandla, intlalo kunye nezoqoqosho. Ezi zinto zivumela ukuba uhlukanise imfuno ye-solvent ngeempendulo ezahlukeneyo.

Kubaluleka kokuhlelwa

Ukuhanjiswa kwayo yonke into yokuba umthetho wokufuna ukuthuthwa kwe-solvency kubonisa ukuba umthengisi unokuba nefuthe elijoliswe kumthengi. Kule meko, iimodeli zokuthengisa okanye iindlela zempembelelo ngqo zingasetyenziswa. Ngokutsho kombono, malunga nekota yee-abathengi banokuchaphazeleka kwimpembelelo yengqondo. Aba bantu baphendula ngokukhawuleza kwimbonakalo yemveliso esitolo. Oku, kubonisa, imfuneko yokubeka ngokufanelekileyo imveliso kwimeko yokubonisa, ukubonelela ngokufikeleleka ukuhlolwa kunye nokutshekisha. Okungabalulekanga kakhulu kuya kuba ngumbala kunye nokuqala kwemboniso, ukuqonda kwayo.

Indawo yokuthenga

Enye yeempawu zokuhlukana kwaye inomdla kwiinkampani ezenza ukuthengiswa kwendawo. Kwinqanaba elithile, ukufunwa kwe-mobile solvent kubonwa njengokuzonwabisa. Idibene neendlela zokutyelela. Oko umyalelo wesigqibo obonisa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kwiifemu ezinika iinkonzo kubakhenkethi. Kubo, akukona kuphela ubungakanani beemfuno zokusombulula isisombululo kubalulekile, kodwa kunye neendawo zayo, iindlela. Ngelo xesha, ukuhlukana komhlaba kubalulekile kubasemagunyeni nakummandla wengingqi. Zivumela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa kweemakethe zabathengi kwaye kuphuhliswe umgaqo-nkqubo wawo kwimida yawo.

Eminye imigaqo

Uhlalutyo lwawo wonke umyalelo wesimiselo kwinqanaba lokunelisayo lithetha, luvumela umbutho ukuba ulungelelanise iinkonzo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokubambisana, ukuchonga izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kweentengiso. Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuqikelela ukufunwa kwe-solvent, isibonakaliso sesikhathi sokwakheka kunye nokuboniswa kwayo kwimarike sisetyenziswe. Ngoko, elidlulileyo libizwa ngokuba yimfuneko, eyaziwayo okanye enganelisekanga kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ukuvandlakanywa kwalo kubalulekile ekuchongeni iindlela kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zokuphunyezwa. Okwangoku kuthiwa yimfuno ekhoyo okwangoku. Ulwazi lobunzima balo lwenza ukuba kube lula ukulungisa umsebenzi wokucwangcisa ocwangcisiweyo. Liyindawo yokuthengisa kwimarike. Ixesha elizayo libizwa ngokuba lifuna ixesha elizayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ishishini liqikelele ubungakanani bayo kunye nesakhiwo, ngokuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yokuvelisa kunye neemfuno zeemarike. Ukwahlukana kwemfuneko yoluhlu lwezinto ezichazwe apha ngasentla kukuvumela ukuba uqhelise imisebenzi yokuthengisa ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo ethile yemveliso kunye nexabiso, ukukhetha icebo elifanelekileyo lokuqhuba ukhuphiswano. Ukongezelela, ukuhlelwa kukuvumela ukuba uququzelele iiprogram zokukhangisa ezijoliswe kuzo, ukuqhuba isigaba seemakethe zamashishini emimandla emithathu. Konke oku kufuna ukuba inkampani iqhube isenzo esifanelekileyo, izenzo ezilawula umfuno.

Izinto zokutshintshwa kwimeko yeswelo solwazi: ulwazi jikelele

Ixabiso kwiimeko zemarike yinkqubo eninzi yokwenza izinto. Kuyo, utshintshiselwano lweemveliso aluchaphazelekanga kuphela ngeendleko, kodwa nakweminye imiba engahambelani nayo. Impembelelo yabo ngandlela-thile iyanqanda ixabiso lentsebenzo. Njengoko uqeqesho lubonisa, kwezinye iimeko, utshintsho kwinani leethengiweyo zithengwa ngeendleko ezingatshintshiyo, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi-kungakhathaliseki ukuba zihamba njani.

Imali yabathengi

Umthetho weemfuno uthatha ukuba ukuba imali yokuthenga abathengi iyanda, inani leemveliso ezithengiweyo liza kuba likhulu, nangona ixabiso lawo alizange litshintshe. Kule meko, ukuphazamiseka yimali yeemali umthengi olawulayo. Ngaphambi kokunyusa ingeniso yakhe, wayengenako ithuba lokuthenga ethile imveliso. Kanye kunye nalokhu, ukuba imeko yezimali yomthengi iyancipha, ngoko kunye nexabiso eliqhubekayo lemveliso, inani lokuthenga liya kuba ngaphantsi.

Abaxhasi babathengi

Enye enye into enokuchaphazela utshintsho kwixabiso lempahla ethengiweyo ngexabiso elifanayo. Ukulindela abathengi, ngokubhekiselele, bachazwa ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo. Ziyakwazi ukuthinteka ngumbini wezoqoqosho (umlinganiselo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso, umzekelo), kunye nokungabikho kwezoqoqosho (iimeko zexesha, iimeko zezulu, ngaphambi kweeholide, njalo njalo). Ngempembelelo yabo, isixa sempahla esithengiweyo sinokunyuka kunye nokunciphisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixabiso lini na amanani.

Ukufumaneka kweemveliso ezidibeneyo kunye kunye

Le nto ibalulekileyo ebangela ukuba utshintsho kwimiqulu yempahla eninzi ethengwe ngabantu. Ukuthengiswa kwemveliso yemarike yomthengi kubandakanya, umzekelo, ushukela kunye nezinye iimveliso ezithengiwe itiye okanye ikhofi. Cishe yonke imveliso inezikhundla zayo okanye iimveliso ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba khona kwabo kwiimarike zabathengi banokutshintsha kakhulu imfuno yoluxazululo.

Ezinye izinto

Imfuno inokuchaphazeleka ngokukhetha okuzimeleyo, ukuthanda abantu abathengi, isimo sabo sengqondo ekuyiyilweni kwemveliso, imfashini. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukuncintisana kwabathengi, ngokukodwa zabo iingqondo. Ngokomzekelo, "isihlwele sabantu" sivame ukusebenza - abantu bathambekele ekuthengeni imveliso efunekayo ininzi. Ukuqiniswa kwesisombululo se-solvent kungenziwa ngenxa yokwanda kwenani labathengi. Ngokomzekelo, ngokunyuka kwezinga lokuzalwa, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yempahla yabantwana.