Ramon Mercader ezibulalayo okanye iqhawe?

Ngaba ungathanda iimovie malunga arhente super abagcina lamaphulo efihlakeleyo, ebenza isichenge ubomi babo? Ukuba ewe, ngoko eli nqaku ngokuqinisekileyo uya othanda yona! Namhlanje sifunda biography of ndiyintlola Spanish eyaduma ehlabathini lonke. Ngenxa ntoni? Funda apha ngezantsi.

I omaziyo lokuqala

Igama elipheleleyo hero yethu Jaime Ramon Mercader del Rio, kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba bafakwe kuye Ramonom Ivanovichem Lopesom. Yena waba arhente ofihlakeleyo elalisakuba yiSoviet eSpeyin. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba unetyala ngokufa Lva Trotskogo. Ngenxa yesi senzo ke wawongwa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

biography

Ramon Mercader wazalwa ebusika ka-1913 kwintsapho abazizityebi le tycoon belilelakhe kaloliwe eBarcelona. Igama lakhe Pau Mercader yena Catalan. inkwenkwe Childhood ebanjwe kwintsapho enomzali omnye: unina, Funa wakhuliswa ngabanye, Cuba ngokuzalwa. Umama nonyana zange azive efuna, kodwa wahlala ngokwahlukileyo eFransi. Xa 1920 yokuqala, uRamon wafudukela Paris.

Ikamva Hero eSoviet Union, Merkader Ramon umfana oselula wayeyintloko Communist Organization (Barcelona). Noko ke, umsebenzi wayo kuchasene ngokupheleleyo kurhulumente, ngoko ke ngowe-1953 umfana wabanjwa ze zobuKomanisi yaye zibekwe kwintolongo Valencia kangangeenyanga eziliqela. Kamva uRamon Mercader wathabatha inxaxheba Spanish Civil War. Waye kwicala uhambele. Emva kwexesha elithile, lo mfana waba enkulu. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uRamon wayebandakanyekile iimfazwe onegazi Guadalajara.

i idume

Merkader Ramon, ogama engobomi kuyaqala nje lokuzigoqa i siba umdla, kugaywa yi-NKVD ngo-1937. Oku kungenxa yokuba unina Funa, yona ngokwayo yaba arhente lezobuntlola USSR an. Kungekudala UNahum Eitingon walungiselela umntu xa esiya kwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo - kokubulawa Lva Trotskogo. Emva koko ngo-1938, isindululo ukudala i "International yesine", waba lutshaba ingozi lonke eli lizwe. Urhulumente waseSoviet sambona njengoko ungumngcatshi iingcamango abangabaxhasi bakaMarx. Ngowe-1929 noTrotsky wagxothwa eSoviet Union, kunye neminyaka emithathu kamva bahluthwa amalungelo abemi yakhe. Kaloku, mhlawumbi, waba umgca, umnqamlezo angafanele ngayo.

Ekwindla ka-1939 Ramon Mercader waya eNew York nge yokundwendwela waseKhanada egameni F. Jackson. Phantsi lo gama yena ihamba sisondela S. Ageloff, ngubani umhlobo osenyongweni noTrotsky. Kungekudala Mercader uya eMexico, kuthiwa ukujongana nemiba ethile enxulumene ekuqhutyweni kweshishini. Lonke eli xesha kunceda arhente Eitingon. Ramon S. Ageloff bacenga ukuba naye. Iqala ukuhlola kwi noTrotsky kunye nentsapho yakhe.

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1940 walitshintsha igama arhente lube Jacques Mornar. Ngoncedo lwe S. Ageloff uyakwazi ukuze simazi noTrotsky. Lion abantu abatsha kufuneka uyithande, kuba inkxaso ngokupheleleyo iimbono zakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uRamon ke atyabukile kwi ukuzithemba noTrotsky, ukuze beze kuye kutyelelo lobuhlobo. Agasti emva kwemini Zhak Mornar waya kubona umhlobo wakhe, ukubonisa inqaku elitsha. Ngelo xesha, njengoko noTrotsky lacebisa ukuba izinto zokufunda, arhente Mornar hits intloko yakhe ice pick. NoRamon Mercader lachithwa ngasemva kwaye ukusuka phezulu, ngethemba lokuba noTrotsky wayeza kufa ngokukhawuleza cwaka. Noko ke, Leo andabikho zingqondweni, kunye nodanduluko zawa phezu umbulali yakhe. Kunika umdla ngexesha elifanayo wayalela abalindi bakhe ukuba bambulale noRamon. Waye wabethwa kanobom kodwa aseleyo. Kunjalo phantse 24 iiyure Leon noTrotsky waphila waza wafa enxebeni nzulu, obabufikelela 7 cm.

ukumbamba

Njengoko eqhubeka biography emfutshane? Ramon Mercader ukho kwisikhululo samapolisa, kodwa wala ukunika nawuphi na ubungqina. Xa iphephandaba eSoviet wabhala ukuba noTrotsky umbulali wazichaza Jean Morgan Vandendraynom - umhlobo osenyongweni wambulala. Ixesha elide, uRamon waba phantsi kophando. Idla imibuzo, ukuzama ukufumana inyaniso. Kwakhona, yena batyakatywa kwaye wabethwa kanobom. Emva kwexesha elithile, ngaphandle ekufezekiseni iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo, URamona aguqulwa entolongweni kunye indlela ethambileyo. Ityala lomntu behamba eMexico. Mercader ke wagwetywa iminyaka engama-20, nto leyo elona xesha lininzi komthetho waseMexico.

arhente NKVD wachitha entolongweni karhulumente iminyaka engama-20. Ngowe-1960 wakhululwa waza wathumela eCuba, apho kwenziwa ngokufihlakeleyo eSoviet Union. May 31, 1960 uRamon wafumana isihloko Hero eSoviet Union. Kwakhona, yena wawongwa imbasa "Gold Star" kwaye i-Order of Lenin. Konke oku wafumana ngokobuqu Aleksandra Shelepina - intloko iKGB. URamon wafumana cottage-igumbi ezine kunye nendawo yokuhlala. Kungekudala wafudukela eCuba, apho wayesebenza ixesha ngumcebisi kuMphathiswa weMicimbi Foreign. Ngowe-1978, uRamon Mercader wabulawa nee-.

isiko

Imisebenzi uRamon Mercader ithumba cinema. Zizonke bhanya ezine isenzo sakhe yathathwa. I tape lokuqala "Ukubulala noTrotsky" isuswe 1972. Eyona engundoqo indima umboniso edlalwe yi Alain Delon. Ngowe-1993, i-Russian film "I noTrotsky" yathathwa, apho Mercader wadlala V. Razbegaev. Ngo-2002, amaMelika edale movie "Frida," apho umguvela engundoqo edlalwa A. Zavala Kugler. Ngo-2010, iRashiya wabonakala phezu uthotho kamabonakude obizwa "Ukulwa".