Proxima Centauri. UDema Red. Inkqubo Alpha Centauri

Proxima Centauri - kuba inkwenkwezi leyo ikufutshane uMhlaba. Igama yena efunyenwe proxima elithi Latin, elithetha "ngoko nangoko". siqhele ukuba iLanga 4,22 iminyaka elula. Noko ke, nangona le nkwenkwezi ikufutshane kuthi ngaphezu kwelanga, oko kuphela ibonwa iteleskopu. Yinto encinane kangangokuba ubukho baso ayaziwa de 1915. Star phayona uRobert Innes, i ngeenkwenkwezi evela eSkotlani.

Inkqubo inkwenkwezi, Alpha Centauri

Proxima yinxalenye yenkqubo Alpha Centauri. Ukongeza kulo, oko kuquka iinkwenkwezi ezimbini: Alpha Centauri A kunye Alpha Centauri B. Ba lubeka phi kwaye buqapheleke Proxima. Ngenxa yoko, Nenkwenkwezi A, eyona kwi leKima, kuba kumgama 4.33 ukukhanya-iminyaka ukusuka elangeni. Ibizwa Rigel Centaurus, bona bubonakala "Unyawo of the Centaur." Le nkwenkwezi thile efanayo ilanga lethu. Mhlawumbi ngenxa nokubengezela kwawo. Ngokungafaniyo Proxima Centauri, kuye kwaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo njenge ebonakala kakhulu esibhakabhakeni ebusuku.

Alpha Centauri B naye ongekho sezantsi "dade" yobumhlophe. Bobabini - uvale inkqubo yokubini. Proxima Centauri ukude ngokwaneleyo kude kubo. Phakathi kweenkwenkwezi - umgama ezilishumi lamawaka iiyunithi ngeenkwenkwezi (oku nakude ngaphezu ukusuka Sun ukuya emhlabeni kwabanye kumaxesha baninzi kangangesine!).

Yonke inkqubo star Centauri nojikeleza iziko wabo oqhelekileyo mass. Proxima ihamba ngokucotha okukhulu ngexesha unyango yakhe kuthatha kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoko ke, inkwenkwezi kuya kubakho ixesha elide kakhulu ukuba ekufuphi eMhlabeni.

amancinci kakhulu

Inkwenkwezi Proxima Centauri ayikho nje bangabona namakroza kuthi, kodwa kukwayinto kwelincinane. ubunzima balo incinane kangangokuba kunzima ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa iinkqubo ze ukuyilwa helium hydrogen imfuneko yobukho. Star nasekuzeni kakhulu. Proxima lilanga lula kakhulu kwindawo ethile, izihlandlo zibe sixhenxe. Kwaye kumphezulu wayo ubushushu ababhalisiweyo angaphantsi kakhulu, izidanga namawaka amathathu "kuphela". Brightness Proxima unika Sun i elinamanci mahlanu amaxesha.

UDema ebomvu

star Little Proxima libhekisela iklasi M ecacicleyo kunye iqaqambile ephantsi kakhulu. Saziwa eyaziwa imizimba yasezulwini kule klasi - UDema ebomvu. Stars esinobunzima encinane - izinto ezininzi umdla. isakhiwo lwabo yangaphakathi Kuthi efanayo isakhiwo iiplanethi ezinkulu ezifana Jupiter. Ngomongo UDema obomvu sikarhulumente exotic. Ukongeza, kukho iingcebiso ukuba umhlaba, apho zibekwe kufutshane ezi iinkwenkwezi, ukuze alungele ebomini.

UDema Red aphile ixesha elide kakhulu, elide kakhulu ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye nkwenkwezi. Ziyacotha kakhulu ngokwanda. Naziphi abasabela zenyukliya ngaphakathi kwabo ukuqalisa ukuba iqukuqele kuphela kwiminyaka billion embalwa emva kokuzalwa. Lilonke, nengcungcuthekileyo, nenomlanga ebomvu ngaphezu ubukho yonke indalo! Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo akude, xa ephuma akukho inkwenkwezi eyodwa njengelanga, lo nenomlanga obomvu Proxima Centauri yonke ukhanye buthuntu kakhulu ebumnyameni indawo.

Xa UDema jikelele, obomvu - iinkwenkwezi ixhaphakileyo kumnyele wethu. Ngaphezulu 80% yazo zonke imizimba obalaseleyo ka iMilky Way phezulu ngawo. Kwaye nantsi indida: awabonakali ngokupheleleyo! Iliso lenyama ngeke uphawule nayiphi na kuzo.

isikali

Kude kube ngoku, ukukwazi ukulinganisa ngokuchanileyo ubungakanani ezi nkwenkwezi ezincinane ezifana UDema ebomvu nje ke akwenzeki ngenxa iqaqambile yabo. Kodwa namhlanje le ngxaki isonjululwe ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo VLT-interferometer (VLT - segama Telescope Esikhulu kakhulu). Esi sixhobo, osebenza ngokusekelwe ezinkulu yerediyo imitha-8.2 amabini VLT, ibekwe Paranal Astronomical Observatory (Eso). La mabini iteleskopu enkulu, ukude ukusuka komunye neemitha 102,4, linganisa imizimba yasezulwini kunye ngqo enjalo, nto leyo nje awukwazi ukuthenga ezinye izixhobo. Ekubeni Geneva Observatory, ngeenkwenkwezi okokuqala got imilinganiso ngqo inkwenkwezi encinane.

esiguquguqukayo Centauri

Kunomzimba waso Proxima Centauri ngomda phakathi iinkwenkwezi yokwenene, iiplanethi nenomlanga emdaka. Sekunjalo, liyinkwenkwezi. Ubunzima kunye sangqa kwenza ubunzima wayo wesixhenxe, kwaye ubukhulu kwelanga ngokulandelelana. Star omkhulu ngaphezu Jupiter, izihlandlo ezilikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu, kodwa ubunzima enye enesiqingatha izihlandlo ngaphantsi. Ukuba Proxima Centauri ubunzima nokuba ngaphantsi, ngaba yokuzithenga kuba inkwenkwezi ngayo; kuba hydrogen ngokwaneleyo kumphakathi, ukuze kukhutshwe lokukhanya. Kulo mzekelo, oko kwakuya kufuna ibe eqhelekileyo , nenomlanga emdaka (t. E. Abafileyo), kwaye hayi inkwenkwezi lokwenene.

Proxima ngokwayo - dim kakhulu umzimba yasezulwini. Ngesiqhelo likhanya ifikelela akukho ngaphezulu kwe 11m. Bright yena ayina kuphela iifoto ezithathiweyo ngeeteleskopu emikhulu, ezifana, umzekelo, "Hubble". Noko ke, maxa, iinkwenkwezi kukhanye oluphuma ngamandla kwaye kakhulu. Izazinzulu zichaza oku kukuba Proxima Centauri fanele ukuba udidi ekuthiwa eguquguqukayo, okanye umsi, neenkwenkwezi. Oku kubangelwa Imisebe zobundlobongela phezu oko kukuthi ngenxa yeenkqubo පිළිතුරු iimpendulo lesiphithiphithi. Yo- ngaloo zenzeka phezu komhlaba kwelanga, kuphela onamandla kakhulu, nto leyo nokuba kukhokelela notshintsho ekukhanyeni leenkwenkwezi.

Kunjalo nje itakane

Ezi nkqubo nobundlobongela kunye ezithile sicebisa ukuba reactions zenyukliya ukuthatha indawo ezinzulwini Proxima Centauri, akukho kodwa ngcono. Okufunyanisiweyo izazinzulu: kodwa nangoku inkwenkwezi impela ngemilinganiselo kwendawo yonke. Nangona yobudala bakhe ifaniswa ubudala kwelanga lethu. Noko ke, Proxima -, nenomlanga ebomvu, ngoko ke asikwazi nkqu azilingani. Enyanisweni, njengabanye "abazalwana ebomvu", oko kuya kuba olucothayo kakhulu kwaye eyongayo ukutshisa amafutha zazo zenyukliya yaye, ke ngoko, ukuze kukhanye ixesha elide kakhulu - malunga namashumi amathathu amaxesha ngaphezulu yonke indalo! Yintoni ngokwenene apho ukuthetha malunga ilanga ...

Ababhali zamabali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba Proxima Centauri - ofanele kakhulu ukuhlolwa kunye star adventure. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba Uyayifihla nasezulwini umhlaba, apho kudibana nezinye izizwe. Mhlawumbi kunjalo, kodwa loo nto nje umgama ukusuka Earth to Proxima Centauri - ukukhanya-iminyaka engaphezu kwemine. Ngoko nangona yena kunye elikufutshane, kodwa ikude.