Prominences - a ... protuberances eziyingozi kakhulu?

Eli nqaku lichaza into ukuvelela elanga kunokuba kunokuba yingozi ebantwini zahlelwa ngokwemimiselo ntoni.

ilanga

Ubomi iplanethi yethu ekho phantse eziibhiliyoni ezi-4 zeminyaka, yaye izizathu ngenxa apho yavela liyaqhubeka ukuba, inombolo enkulu. Le sezulu, irhasi ukwakhiwa emoyeni, ixesha revolution le planethi ngeenxa axis yayo, amandla womxhuzulane kwayo, yaye ke, umgama ukusuka elangeni. Umhlaba ibekwe kwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-kwizowuni elimiweyo, oluhleli umgama kangangoko ukusuka elangeni, leyo ligcina ubukho obutofotofo kweentlobo ezininzi. Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kunye neeplaneti zazikufuphi inkwenkwezi usembindini nkqubo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukujonga umzekelo Mercury - yena elinyukayo ngokupheleleyo kwaye elambatha.

Njengoko sibona, zonke ezi zinto zenza inkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye ramified, zonke izinto ekufuneka agcine ukulinganisela kwaso ubuthathaka, ukuba imbali eziphilayo kwiplanethi yethu ukuze uqhubeke.

prominences

Kodwa ke, kukho iingozi ezininzi ezicacileyo kunye nefihlakeleyo ayamtyhafisa inkqubo intsalela kuyimfuneko. Yaye ilanga rhoqo kukho iinkqubo aokusetyenziswa igcwele ingozi bonke ubomi, hayi nje kuphela. Umzekelo, ekuthiwa-solar okanye izaqhwithi ngemagnethi. Badla ubunzima ebantwini meteosensitive kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Xa izaqhwithi ezinjalo ukusuka prominences ilanga abakreqayo, wakhe uluhlu uye kuloo iiplanethi elikufutshane. Ngethamsanqa, uninzi lwazo omkhulu ukukhokela imiphumo ebuhlungu. Ezi prominences ziyingozi, yaye yintoni na? Oku koko siza kuxubusha ngayo kweli nqaku.

definition

Prominences ebizwa amafu ashinyeneyo kuyabanda kuthelekiswa nezinye iziyobisi kwelanga. Ngexesha lomsebenzi, bayavuka ngaphezu komhlaba kwenkwenkwezi yaye ithe apho yi endle ngemagnethi. Ngamafutshane, prominences - kukho imithombo nyama- izinto eshushu solar, nemiqulu eselugcinwe ephethwe kwenkwenkwezi umtsalane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kumaxesha ngamandla elanga imisinga plasma betekisi ukusuka photosphere nokuhambahamba elanga kuzo zonke iindlela, kuquka ngayo umhlaba wethu. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba Imagnethi yomhlaba okanye isivunguvungu elanga.

incazelo

Omnye ukukhankanywa yokuqala yenzululwazi prominences ezinxulumene ilanga, owenzeka ngo 1185. Kodwa ngenxa ukungafezeki isixhobo kunye nophuhliso ezibuthathaka isifundo lwenzululwazi yokuma udumo yaqala phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX. Ngowe-1868, Per Zhansen, usebenzisa indlela entsha yokubona le meko ngaphandle ilanga, bafika kwisigqibo sokuba lukhona ukwimeko sukube.

Ngemvelo yazo, prominences - yinto bafunde kakuhle kuphela usebenzisa impumelelo yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe inkqubela: ixesha elide ikhawuleze neyenziweyo satellites mkhanya Earth.

Zibonakala ngokucacileyo ngexesha kwelanga solar, ezele umlinganiswa. Kuba iziganeko ezinjalo yabonwa ngabantu esebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: ukuvelela iiteleskopu izihluzi coronagraph, ngeeteleskopu chromospheric kunye nezinye. Ukuba sicinga ezayo ezo prominences kwi diski ilanga, ukuba abonakale, imicu wethunzi evuthelweyo ngegalelo ubukhulu. Ngoko ke prominences - edla ukuba telescope yesiqhelo kuphela ebudeni Ilanga solar singabonakala.

Ukuze ukuba prominences elanga ezinjalo, enyanisweni, siyaqonda, ngoku ingqalelo izimvo zabo.

iintlobo

Xa sincokola ngayo inkangeleko, le prominences - a izakhiwo wispy efanayo imisonto okanye egazi plasma iimilo ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, ahamba rhoqo kwaye ukutshintsha imilo. yokuhlelwa kwazo lwenziwa yi iimpawu okanye morphological. Cinga zokuhlela zabo ngohlobo yimbonakalo, iimpawu isindululo mbandela nesantya:

• Zolani. Benza izinto ngokucothayo kuvunyelwane. Le fomu iyatshintsha ngokucothayo kakhulu. Ukuba sithethe malunga nexesha kubomi babo, oko isusela ukusuka kwiiveki eziliqela iinyanga eziliqela. Kukho zonke ezinezinga heliographic. Amaninzi zingakotshwa sebenzisa kufutshane sunspots lamva yophuhliso. Amazinga 15 000 degrees Celsius.
• Active. picture ukuvelela ololo zingabonakala ngezantsi, ungachazwa ukuba plasma aqukuqela ukusuka ezantsi ukuya photosphere igiza kunye nesisu enye ukuya kwenye intshukumo ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. lobushushu yabo degrees 25,000 Celsius. Waye endleleni, prominences ezininzi esebenzayo enziwa nangokuzola, kodwa kulo mzekelo, ixesha ubukho babo obuphuma imizuzu emininzi imihla.

• Eruptive. Xa sincokola ngayo inkangeleko, le protuberances ezininzi ezifana bafana omkhulu umthombo ukuphakama ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi iikhilomitha ngaphezu kwamanzi inkwenkwezi yethu. Velocity plasma ufikelela kwiikhilomitha ezilikhulu ngeyure, nemilo yabo utshintsha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kukho siphila ixesha elifutshane, yaye nokwanda ukuphakama ngokuthe uthothe ngokupheleleyo.
• Sisaqhubeka prominences s kuvela ngokohlobo amafu ezincinane ngaphezu chromosphere. Ngokuqhelekileyo, bona ekugqibeleni bahlanganisane ukuze ilifu enye enkulu, ke leyo, ikhala elibheke chromosphere jet igesi eshushu. Kukho zizinto ezifana kakhulu kunqabile nje iiyure ezimbalwa.

Ngoko ke siyazi ukuba lo corona elanga iye prominences yaye yintoni izimvo zabo khona.

Imfundiso imbonakalo

Nangona isibakala sokuba umsebenzi elanga olufundwa ixesha elide, ithiyori esimanyeneyo epheleleyo, leyo wayecacisa isibakala le elivela kuzo prominences kunye nazo zonke ezinye ngezimanga ezinxulumene, hayi noko. Inxalenye konke oku wachaza inyathelo elidityanelweyo amandla nombane zibuthe kunye nomkhosi womxhuzulane kwelanga.

Khemikhali Ukubunjwa ukuvelela elihambelana ngokucacileyo ukuya umaleko lenzeka khona. Kodwa sisincoko imichiza badla ezinxulumene kunye neemeko zezakhiwo ubukho isenzeko. Umzekelo, emaninzi esilawulwa hydrogen prominences cwaka kukulayinisha calcium insimbi. Ngaloo ezinxulumene sunspots, kuphawulwa ngokucacileyo imigca ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi.

Isibakala ubukho elide zezinye iintlobo lubonisa ukuba into equlethwe yi amandla kazibuthe iinkwenkwezi. Le nkkolelo waqinisekiswa inani kokuma spectroscopic.

ingozi

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe, udumo - njengento elikhutheleyo chromosphere kwelanga kunye ezinye iinkqubo ngokwasemzimbeni. Ubukhulu becala ingozi abo abakreqayo ukusuka iinkwenkwezi kumphezulu nomhlambi kwisithuba oluphakathi. Kuxhomekeka amandla, ukuba ukukhubaza Hewana e Earth orbit, nokuba kuqatha yalila ISS. Iba neziphumo kunye magnetosphere iplanethi yethu, prominences lwakha esinamandla nosiba ezichaphazela kakuhle ukuba abantu zemozulu-sensitive, aphazamise kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano koonomathotholo kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo elektroniki. Ngethamsanqa, prominences, ezinako ukuba bahlukane ukusuka kumphezulu eLangeni kunye kwabanga umonakalo, zinqabile kakhulu.

Kodwa xa siqwalasela ukhetho kakhulu unelishwa xa ezinaso aya kuba ubukhulu becala, ayasenza kakhulu umoya iplanethi yethu, okanye ukutshabalalisa yonke yokuphila.