Ukwazi ukuba baphile - kuba sisiseko zomzimba

Zonke izinto eziphilayo kulo mhlaba, luphawulwa imiqathango ethile. Okokuqala, lo ngowona msebenzi kunye ukuhamba ezahlukeneyo nokomzimba. Kungenjalo, inkangeleko yabo zichazwe ingqiqo njengemisebenzi ebaluleke enjalo. Yingqokelela zonke iinkqubo ezithi zenzeke ngayo izinto eziphilileyo, nokuba inqanaba labo mbutho. Kweli nqaku, senza ukucacisa ezinye zazo.

Ukwazi ukuba baphile - sisiseko ubukho eziphilayo

Ezisebenza nokomzimba kunye amanqanaba abo zigqitywa iimpawu noshowo eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, izinto ezenziwa entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye uxhomekeke Wayesoyika ummiselo humoral. Ke kaloku intsholongwane yaso azezi inkqubo abangekaphuhli yokuzala self-ibandla. photosynthesis kwezityalo, izilwanyana ukwetyisa, ngokucandeka iiseli iintsholongwane - hayi nje ukukwazi ukuba baphile. Le isethi iinkqubo ezinika ukutya kunye homeostasis.

iinkqubo zobomi

Eziphilayo liphawulwa ziinkqubo ezifana nokutya, ukuphefumla, intshukumo, ukuzala, ukukhula, uphuhliso, imfuza, ukuguquka kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umsebenzi kubalulekile - indibanisela yazo zonke ngasentla. Iqela ngalinye taxonomic, bona babe neempawu zabo. Makhe sijonge ezinye ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

ukudla

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo amandla zonke izinto zahlulwe Ulungs kunye heterotrophs. Iqela lokuqala luquka izityalo kwaye ezinye iindidi iintsholongwane. Bona bayakwazi ukuvelisa khompawundi zabo organic. Ukuze wenze oku, izityalo zisebenzisa amandla elanga, ngenxa leyo kuhlelwe kwi chloroplasts ze-glucose monosaccharide. Ngako oko ke kuthiwa phototrophic nazo. Iintsholongwane umthombo lokutya amandla neentambo yemichiza ye-oganikhi khompawundi. Ezi elilodwa olunye-ezibizwa ngokuba chemotroph.

Izilwanyana nomngundo ukufunxa kuphela mbandela organic ukulungele. They are heterotrophic. Phakathi kwazo kukho amaqela eziliqela nezahlukileyo kwi nohlobo umthombo wokutya. Umzekelo, amarhamncwa ukuhlasela lixhoba labo, babingelela kulo, kunye saprotrophs liyigqibele ezibolayo. Kuba iqela elikhethekileyo kuquka mixotrophy. Xa iimeko zivuma, ukuba nokulungelelanisa namandla yedwa, baze idluliselwe ukutya heterotrophic, xa kukho imfuneko. Imizekelo mixotrophy euglena oluhlaza, okuhombisa, rogolist, Volvox.

umoya

Le ibandakanya kungekuphela mpilo yokuphefumla yaye ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dioxide. Kule nkqubo, izinto zendalo ukuba oxidized ukukhulula isixa esithile wamandla. Oku "igcinwe" kwi iimolekyuli ATP. Ngenxa yoko, izinto eziphilayo babonelelwa bucala enokuthi isetyenziswe xa kuyimfuneko. Xa isityalo nokuphefumla kwenzeka mitochondria iiseli, nokubonelela exchange negesi loo iziqalelo kukugubungela yengubo yokondliwa kunye lenticels. Kwezilwanyana, iiyunithi ezinika kule nqubo iimpumlo okanye nemiphunga.

eziphilayo abaninzi prokaryotic bayakwazi nokuphefumla anaerobic. Oku kuthetha ukuba igcwala ka-oganikhi khompawundi ukuba kwenzeka ngaphandle inxaxheba oksijini. Ezi iintsholongwane nitrogen-nitrogen, intsimbi nesalfure.

buphindwe

Okunye ukubonakaliswa yobomi - lokwanda eziphilayo. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba ukuqhubeka ngezizukulwana. iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zonke izinto eziphilayo amandla okudlulisela imiqondiso zamafa kunye bafumane ezintsha, ukuqinisekisa ukuziqhelanisa kwabo ngonaphakade-ukutshintsha iimeko zokusingqongileyo.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili yokuzala: ngokwesondo kunye maqanda. Eyokuqala ithatha indawo inxaxheba gametes. iiseli ababhinqileyo kunye abangamadoda sex ukuxuba, isishiya omzimba entsha. Bespololoe ukuzala zingenzeka ngokwahlula kwizisele ezimbini, sporulation, amagqabi okanye ngokukha.

Growth and nophuhliso

Iimeko zobomi nawuphi ephilayo nayo notshintsho ubuninzi nobulunga ezenzeka ngexesha ontogeny zabo. Ngenxa yeenkqubo division iseli kunye ngokutsha inikwa ukwanda. Xa izityalo kunye fungi ukuba alipheli. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwanda ubukhulu ubomi. Izilwanyana sikhule kuphela ixesha elithile. Emva koko, le nkqubo kupheliswa. Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. Lo mqondo utshintsho qualitative, leyo azibonakalisa ngohlobo ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo zobomi. Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso kunye nefom nganye ezinye kwaye kuhlangene.

Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi ebalulekileyo eziphilayo - iseti nokomzimba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya kunye homeostasis - nokugcinwa imeko rhoqo lwangaphakathi. Ezona ukutya, ukuphefumla, ukuzala, intshukumo, ukukhula kunye nophuhliso.