Isinqandi additive injalo: ezizodwa zobugcisa

Isinqandi additive injalo - ngumxube ezomileyo okanye isisombululo zemichiza, obubonakala ngokuba ubomi ezikhabhathini ngokwanelisayo elide. Eyona njongo iphambili yale songezelelo kukubonelela imisebenzi concreting ebusika.

kwezithako zinendlela New oludibeneyo, ngaphandle uhlengahlengiso iinkqubo ezichazwe concrete amandla nodaka kulawulwe inani iipropati yayo rheological. Ngenxa yoko, yandisa ixesha lobushushu nciphisa sentlalo, nokukhawulezisa inkqubo lukhuni ilitye zesamente kunye nokunyuka yayo namandla kwi-grade 2 grade.

ngezigaba

kwezithako isinqandi in isisombululo (concrete) ngokwesiseko umchiza zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu eziphambili:

• Nokubanda.
• Sulfates.
• Winter isinqandi kwezithako izomelezi.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

isinqanda-kukhenkceka kwamanzi

Le additive isinqandi ngaphakathi ngekhonkrithi kwehlisa qhwa yamanzi, ibalekisa okanye wavuma abangaphangeliyo isisombululo setting. Kule isinqandi ayitshintshi isantya ukuyilwa kwezakhiwo.

sulfates

Iron sulphate, i-alumuniyam okanye ezinye iintsimbi alicandelo nokubanda, kongezwe eza kunika ukuyilwa kakhulu ngokukhawuleza isisombululo compact. Le unyango kwakhona zangenelwa ubushushu esebenzayo, nto leyo sikhatshwa abasabela kunye ukuxovwa kweemveliso eziphathekayo. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa isongezo yokunciphisa qhwa, njengokuba kubhaliwe enxulumene ngokupheleleyo iikhompawundi kabi emanzini.

Winter zinendlela kwezithako izomelezi

kwezithako isinqandi in isisombululo (concrete) yale hlobo igalelo iqondo ukunyibilika components zesamente silicate wabumba ngenxa kabini okanye iityuwa isiseko kunye neemveliso ukuxovwa. Uninzi lwabo ngexesha elifanayo ukunciphisa qhwa.

uhlobo

• Umanyolo - elinamandla isinqandi additive e ikhonkrithi, ibalekisa inkqubo lukhuni. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuncipha amandla umanyolo ekucetyiswa ukuba esinokudibanisa ngumash zinegwele sulfite, tetraborate sodium okanye ezinye retarders. Le ingqalelo mxube kufuneka ingadluli-30%.
• Isodiyam nayitrayithi - umlilo eyingozi yityhefu isinqandi additive injalo. Kwimeko ukusetyenziswa ngokuhlangeneyo kunye lignosulphonates bangaba zegesi eziyityhefu. Idosi kufuneka sizimisele empirically kwaye kuluhlu 0,1-0,42 l / kg oluludaka lwesamente kubushushu okukufutshane ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya -25 ºC.
• Sodium nikuda na emelana namafutha. Isetyenziswa ukuba ukukhulisa plasticizing, amanzi-ukunciphisa kwiipropati. Akukhuthazwa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphakathi kunye naphthalene lignosulfonate. Le additive isinqandi kule ikhonkrithi eyenziwe isamente ubunzima flow sine-avareji 2-6%.

Ukwenza amalungiselelo umsebenzi eziphathekayo ebusika, ukongeza koku kungentla, umntu uyakwazi ukukhetha ngokusekelwe nokubanda additive sodium nikuda ngotywala, urea, amanzi ammonia okanye calcium chloride.

buhle

• Plasticizing kwaye uzinze, ukulungele-umxube lwesamente.
• It ikuvumela ukuba enze imisebenzi eziphathekayo ebusika.
• Kwandisa umxube babephila ngexesha lokusebenza yokwakha.
• Kuphucula isisombululo iqabaka lokugqibela.
• Kunciphisa siyehla deformation.
• Kunciphisa ngokwahlukana amanzi kunye nenkqubo delamination.
• Oku kunciphisa iindleko yofakelo.
• Ephelisa nokumelana of umnatha nokuqinisa lwangaphakathi.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezithako isinqandi ukuba ikhonkrithi kuya kubangela ngokubanzi ekongeni.

ukushiyeka

• Amanye amacandelo additive zithathwa ityhefu.
• Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ethembekileyo iimpawu ukomelela etya lwesamente.
• Maxa wambi owayo amandla kolu brand eziphathekayo.

Notes isicelo

Isinqandi additive yaziswa mxube eziphathekayo kunye namanzi, ekukhethwa ukuba kunye wesithathu lokugqibela ulwelo. It ayinqweneleki ukuba bafake arhente kwi umxube owomileyo. Emva kokuba additive iye yaziswa isicombululo, kuyimfuneko ukuba alinde ixesha elithile ukuqinisekisa ukwabiwa yayo efanayo.

Kubalulekile ukulandela ngqo le miyalelo umsebenzi indibano ngexesha ebusika:

• Ngexesha lipholile kufuneka enze iindawo ezizodwa.
• Iqondo lobushushu Kucetyiswa yezisombululo ngamashishini le lokuxhuba: ukusuka +15 ngeSelsiyas ukuya +25 ºC.
• Ukulungiselela lo mxube Kuyancomeka ukuthatha amanzi shushu.
• Amalahle i lokubolekwa ekufuneka wenziwe ngqo ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise.

Ukuze ufumane isisombululo kunye iimpawu amandla kuyimfuneko, kucetyiswa ukuba athobele iimfuno ngenxa yokuba wanyamekela eziphathekayo ebusika, ngokungqinelana ne-isniphu 03/03/01. Kuyancomeka ukwenza iintshukumo zokuzuza amandla angekho ngaphantsi kwe-20% ye-yoyilo yi ngexesha okupholisa isicombululo lobushushu apho ubalo idosi lwenziwa.

Isinqandi additive injalo: Ukucacisa

balawule

Izikali isinqandi additive kufuneka kukhethwe ukuba kwimeko ethile nganye ngokuhlola kwiimeko mveliso kunye elabhoratri. Kuxhomekeke kulandelayo:

• Imigaqo ukhathalelo ukuze eziphathekayo.
• Iqondo lobushushu yesisombululo ngamashishini le Umxhubi eziphathekayo.
• lobushushu Ambient.
• kuqamba Real nemichiza-mineralogical yezisombululo kunye nophuhliso namandla.
• amandla isamente sokuthengisa.

Kuba yokugcina elide, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziko ongeziweyo umthamo omkhulu Kucetyiswa ukuba homogenizing ngamaxesha isisombululo ngokusenza okanye sparging kunye umoya. Izikali kufuneka Zenziwe an ukuchaneka ± 2%.

Isinqandi additive injalo ngezandla zabo

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukhetho ekhethwayo kukuba ukuthenga admixtures concrete isisombululo esele zenziwe kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile ezikhethekileyo. Ayikho imali eninzi, kuba ngesifo eliphantsi kwaye ukubonelela ngexesha lasebusika, ukuphucuka okukhulu iimpawu isisombululo kunye neziphumo ezincinci emibi.

Xa ngaphambili encinane umsebenzi kunye iqondo lobushushu umoya ubuncinane 10 ºC, indlela bekuya kuba kangangoko.

Noko ke, oko kuyenzeka ukuba additive isinqandi e eziphathekayo, ongenakwenziwa ngazandla zakhe - oku kuphela ukhetho. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo chloride (ityuwa). iityuwa chloride unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka qhwa yesisombululo, ukunciphisa ixesha sentlalo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa zesamente. Kodwa loo additive isinqandi ngaphakathi ngekhonkrithi (izimvo ezivela kwiingcali ukuqinisekisa oku) ingasetyenziswa zentlelo unreinforced kuphela.

amanyathelo okhuseleko

Xa usebenza into hlobo Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise iiglavu zokuzikhusela.

Emva ukuqhagamshelana ne yomzimba kuyimfuneko ukuhlamba off ngesepha namanzi. Avumele nawuphi na isinqandi additive emehlweni. Kwimeko enjalo kufuneka ngoko nangoko pula uthetha wonke umthamo omkhulu wamanzi kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango.

Lasebenzisa additive ngokungqinelana nemimiselo yendawo, oko Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuze ifeze kungena imisele, amanzi kumphezulu nasentlabathini.