"Poor Liza": kuhlalutyo ibali. Ziziphi iinkcazelo iqala ibali "Swisiwana Liza"

Story "Poor Liza," ukususela lulusiba Nikolaya Mihaylovicha Karamzina, wayengomnye imisebenzi zokuqala sentimentalism in Russian. Ibali uthando intombazana olihlwempu umfana olinene iphumelele iintliziyo abaninzi ababephila ngexesha lakhe ngayo umbhali, kunye yathakazelelwa olukhulu. Imveliso iye yazisa udumo ibonwe yayisathe ayaziwa umbhali kunyaka-25 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, iinkcazelo into iqala ibali "Swisiwana Liza"?

History of indalo

NM Karamzin wayehluke ukuthanda inkcubeko eNtshona ngokubonakalayo ashumayele imigaqo yayo. indima yakhe ubomi eRussia kakhulu kwaye iluncedo kakhulu. Aba bantu okuqhubekayo kunye esebenzayo babehamba kakhulu eYurophu ngo-1789-1790 gg., Yaye ekubuyeni kwakhe epapashwe kwi "Moscow Journal" ibali "Poor Liza".

Uhlalutyo yenoveli ibonisa ukuba imveliso ejongisele theka lobuhle, ochazwa umdla iimvakalelo zabantu , nokuba sithini na isimo sabo ekuhlaleni.

Ngexesha ubhala ibali Karamzin owayephila sasihlangatyezwa kunye nabahlobo, apho lalikhona akasekude Simonov Monastery. Kukholelwa ukuba isiseko ekuqaleni imisebenzi. Ngalo eli bali uthando kunye nabalinganiswa ngokwabo ezibonwe yi abafundi real kakhulu. A Pond kufuphi woonongendi yaziwa ngokuba "lysine echibini."

"Owu Liza" Karamzin njengoko ibali imizwa

"Poor Liza" - enyanisweni, a novella kwindawo uhlobo apho eRashiya phambi Karamzin mntu wabhala. Kodwa ezintsha zombhali hayi kuphela ezikhethiweyo uhlobo, kodwa kwicala. Yiyo le bali Udibi isihloko imisebenzi zokuqala sentimentalism Russian.

Sentimentalism wabonakala eYurophu ngenkulungwane XVII yaye zikhokelwe kwicala yenyama yobomi. Imibuzo kwengqondo kunye noluntu waya kule ndawo yi ngasendleleni, kodwa ke iimvakalelo zabantu ubudlelwane baye iphambili.

Sentimentalism iye wayefuna idealize kwenzeka ntoni, zenze. Ukuphendula umbuzo malunga iinkcazelo iqala ibali "Swisiwana Liza", umntu sithethe landscape esihle olusisondezayo abafundi Karamzin.

Theme kanye umbono

Enye imixholo engundoqo sebali - yezentlalo, kwaye edibene ingxaki kobudlelwane yezikhulu ukuya abalimi. Karamzin azi ikhetha ukuba umnini ngobumsulwa kunye nokuziphatha nabalimi intombazana.

Abenza imifanekiso umbhali Lisa kunye Erast phakathi kwabantu bokuqala beza nengxaki yokuba nakwiimpikiswano umzi elalini. Xa sibhenela koko iinkcazelo iqala ibali "Swisiwana Liza", singabona ezolileyo kwaye ezimnandi kunye nehlabathi zendalo olukhoyo nemvelo. Le dolophu kuyoyikisa, isoyikisa "seNdlu yoLuntu", "amajukujuku yegolide" yayo. ULisa uba esizalwa, kulindelekile yaye siyazikhohlisa, akukho luhanahaniso yokuzenzisa.

Umbhali uthetha kweli bali ngokwembono iimfundiso. Karamzin libonisa zonke -ngenxa yokuba uthando, ubuhle bayo kunye namandla. Kodwa sizathu kwaye ebambekayo lula kuyitshabalalisa imvakalelo emangalisayo. Ibali lakhe impumelelo unetyala ingqalelo afike lomntu, amava akhe. "Poor Liza" yavus 'novelwano phakathi abafundi bayo kubulelwe amangalisayo ukuyichazela zonke Karamzin ngokweemvakalelo ubuqili, iimvakalelo, iminqweno kunye iingcinga Heroine.

heroes

A Uhlalutyo epheleleyo kwebali "Swisiwana Liza" akunakwenzeka ngaphandle uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha imifanekiso abalinganiswa abaphambili zomsebenzi. Lisa kunye Erast, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, kudibanisa iimbono kunye nemigaqo ezahlukeneyo.

ULisa - a umlimi intombazana eqhelekileyo, iphambili apho ukwazi ukuva. Esisebenza ngayo njengoko ngobulukhuni bentliziyo yakhe neemvakalelo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kwakhokelela ekufeni kwakhe, kodwa ngesimilo sakhe ayitshintshanga. Noko ke, umfanekiso Sasungulwa encinane uLisa esithi: intetho yakhe neengcinga kufutshane ulwimi boncwadi, kodwa iimvakalelo intombazana ukuyithanda okokuqala abapase ngokunyaniseka engakholelekiyo. Ngoko ke, nangona idealization yangaphandle Heroine, iimvakalelo zakhe engaphakathi kudluliselwa ngokoqobo. Kule nkalo, oko singalahlekani ibali ezintsha yayo "Poor Liza".

Yintoni iqala iinkcazelo umsebenzi? Okokuqala, nenkcubeko umlinganiswa Heroine, inceda umfundi ukuba ukwazi kuye. Le indalo esihle.

Completely ezahlukeneyo ubonakala abafundi Erast. Yena igosa lowo zididekile ufuna nje ubomi ukuzonwabisa entsha ekukhanyeni lwamavili zayo kuzisa nesithukuthezi. Yena yayingesosidenge, umlinganiswa hlobo kodwa buthathaka kwaye edlulayo othandweni zabo. ngokwenene Erast uwa eluthandweni, kodwa andizange ndicinge ngekamva, ngokuba Lisa ayikho isangqa yakhe, amzeke, abe ngumkakhe, akazange akwazi.

Karamzin indlela elinzima noErasto. Ngokuqhelekileyo, onjalo iqhawe iincwadi Russian kwaba lula kwaye wadala kunye neempawu ezithile. Kodwa ke umbhali kwenza olukuhlayo hayi inenkohliso, bawe ngokwenene eluthandweni indoda yi uhlobo buthathaka nako kudlula iimvavanyo kwaye ugcine uthando lwakhe. Olu hlobo umlinganiswa yaba ezintsha iincwadi Russian, kodwa kungekudala wabanjwa kwaye kamva igama le "ndoda eyolukileyo".

Eli bali kunye nentsusa

Ngesakhiwo isebenza kakhulu unsophisticated. Eli libali ezibuhlungu uthando umlimi kunye lakomkhulu, isiphumo apho ukufa uLisa.

Ziziphi iinkcazelo iqala ibali "Swisiwana Liza"? Karamzin sisondela panorama zendalo, sondo le woonongendi, ichibi - kulapha, engqongwe ngemvelo kwaye uphila umlinganiswa ophambili. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili kweli bali - hayi ibali okanye ingcaciso, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - iimvakalelo. Kwaye le mizwa umbalisi kufuneka kuvusa uluntu. Kuba ngqa iincwadi Russian, apho umfanekiso umbalisi wahlala njalo out umsebenzi, umbhali-hero ibonakala. Eli bali theka umbalisi ufunda uthando evela noErasto kunye buhlungu kunye novelwano Ubalisa umfundi.

Ngenxa yoko, kweli bali abalinganiswa ezintathu eziphambili: Lisa kunye Erast umbhali-mbalisi. Karamzin kwazisa iinkcazelo ulwamkelo landscape kunye nesimbo ube lula emikhulu zolwimi Russian zoncwadi.

ixabiso iincwadi Russian ukuba inoveli "Swisiwana Lisa"

Ngoko ibali uhlalutyo lubonisa emangalisayo Karamzina igalelo kuphuhliso loncwadi Russian. Ukongezelela echaza ukuzalana dolophu kunye lizwe, ukuvela "womntu eyolukileyo", abaphandi abaninzi saphawula ukuvela kwi "indoda encinane" - ngohlobo uLisa. Lo msebenzi nempembelelo umsebenzi A. S. Pushkina, F. M. Dostoevskogo, L. N. Tolstogo, abasungula le mixholo, iimbono kunye nemifanekiso Karamzin.

psychology Incredible, okunyusileyo Russian iincwadi udumo ehlabathini lonke, uye wadala ibali "Swisiwana Liza". Yintoni na iinkcazelo lo msebenzi uqala! Zingaphi na ubuhle, ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye lula Amazing zesimbo! Akwenzeki ukuba zazi ngegalelo Karamzin kuphuhliso iincwadi Russian.