Pilot Gerhard Barkhorn: engobomi, impumelelo kunye ngembali yobomi

Ngamanye amaxesha ebomini kukho zango emangalisayo kukhokelela ukuba sikholwe kwangaphambili yokuqala ezenzeka ebantwini. Ezi iingcinga ezifika engqondweni xa ufunda ngobomi enye pilot ACE edumileyo German, ogama - Gerhard Barkhorn. Bona undize imfazwe kwizithuthi zomkhosi ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba yayisecicini kufa, ukuba basinda kwaye ignominiously wafa loxolo, xa ivili emotweni yakhe.

True Aryan Barkhorn Gerhard

Ngubani na lo mntu, ngubani ngexesha lemfazwe unebhongo Luftwaffe, namhlanje eyaziwa kuphela eJamani kodwa phesheya. Wazalwa ngoMatshi 20, 1919 Königsberg - eKaliningrad ngoku, yaye ngaloo minyaka isixeko esikhulu leMpuma Prussia. Yena elinesibhozo xa, ngokukhuthazwa amazwi i Fuehrer, ukuba umsindo zonke isekhaya, wagqiba ekubeni azinikele kwisevisi kwi Force Air - amandla strike enamandla ukuba wayefanele ukuba ibe ngundoqo ikamva Germany uphumelela.

Eyokuqala amava yokulwa

Ngowe-1937, umfana uya Flight School, yaye emva kokugqiba iminyaka emibini kamva, kunye elikwisikhundla uLieutenant abhalisela kwi imeko omnye regiments zemikhosi emoyeni kwi-Wehrmacht. ubhaptizo kwakhe lomlilo Gerhard Barkhorn zazifumanayo ngo-1940 kwi-Battle of Britain - enye amadabi yokuqala umoya kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

biographers bakhe, yelo xesha kwemfazwe, waphawula ukuba akazange nethamsanqa, ngenxa yokuba, bebase ezilikhulu nokuhlasela, umqhubi wankqonkqoza utshaba moya owodwa kwaye waye kabini kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphume emotweni ovuthayo iparashute. Xa oku kwenzeke phezu IsiNgesi Channel, yaye uye wachitha emanzini womkhenkce ixesha elide, de yathathwa yi abahlanguli. Ngoko ke ochwetheziweyo ukulwa amava ACE elizayo - Gerhard Barkhorn.

Germany uyayiveza Eastern Front

Ukufezekisa ngokupheleleyo amava azuzwe amadabi emoyeni kunye IsiNgesi, wakwazi kunyaka ozayo, xa iJamani eyitwabulule i ezikhubekisayo kwi-Eastern Front. Kwenziwa ngoJulayi 1941, anekhulu elinamanci amabini sortie, wayivula amanqaku kwi uloyiso bakhe emoyeni, enkqonkqoza kwi DB-3 Ukrainian isibhakabhaka bomber. NgoNovemba waloo nyaka, ingxelo umkhondo wakhe apho babesele zatshatyalaliswa ezilishumi moya yotshaba. Gerhard Barkhorn yabalasela umyalelo. Wenziwa Lieutenant khuthazwa kwisikhundla ngokuqesha umphathi iiyunithi 4./JG52.

Le mbasa yokuqala

Ngu ngehlobo lika-1942 i pilot entsha kwasekwa air ACE ngokwenene. NgoJulayi,-akhawunti yakhe impi sele amathandathu anesine uloyiso, kodwa ngexesha sortie ntsako lwesiqhelo itshintshile yena moya wakhe wadutyulwa phantsi ukulwa yiSoviet. Gerhard Barkhorn uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iparashute shiya emotweni elivuthayo, kodwa kwi enye ixesha walimala kwaye wachitha iinyanga eziliqela esibhedlele.

Yayenze ixesha elide ukukhumbuza ukuba Julayi imini nangaziwayo nabaqhubi Russian, phantse kuphelisa ubomi bakhe. Emva obhobhozayo, ubukhalipha kunye ubuqhawe Gerhard wamnikela amabhaso zomkhosi - i-German Cross e-Gold, waza kamva wongeza kuyo kunye Cross Knight kaThixo. Ngaloo mihla, ubeminyaka imashumi mabini anamithathu kuphela.

uloyiso air New namabhaso

Ekugqibeleni, akuba wachacha yaye wazuza amandla emva kokuba ababuleweyo, wabuyela butho lakhe, yaye ukususela ngelo xesha ngeendleko zoloyiso zakhe zezulu waqalisa ukukhula kunye wathandwa engaqhelekanga. Sele ngoJanuwari 1943, amanqaku esibhakabhakeni ikhulu elinamanci uloyiso sesihlanu, Gerhard Barkhorn kunikezelwa omnye iimbasa ezininzi ezibalulekileyo Wesithathu - i Knight kaThixo Cross kunye Oak Ishiya. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva koko, uwisa omnye moya elinesihlanu utshaba, nto leyo inani elipheleleyo ukuya ikhulu elinamanci mathathu.

NgeyoMqungu 1944, emva Gerhard Barkhorn umisa irekhodi, abe yokuqala Aces German, wenza iwaka nokuhlasela, kwaye ngoMatshi, inani zoloyiso zakhe zezulu landile ukuya bengamakhulu amabini anamanci mane. ukusebenza kwayo yesibini enye kuphela pilot Luftwaffe - UErich Hartmann, nosebenza njengoko omnye lotnom kwithala. Ngenxa yoko - omnye mbasa, ngelixesha Knight kaThixo Cross kunye Oak Amagqabi amakrele.

Kwakhona, Ukuqhatha ezingapheliyo kwaye kwakhona nxeba. Ngeli xesha, ngoMeyi 1944 umqhubi eSoviet amthumele esibhedlele kwiinyanga ezine, yaphelisa isandla sokunene. Emva ngo-Oktobha, webutho, yaye ndaqal moya, Gerhard Barkhorn utshabalalisa phezu iHungary, ishumi elinesihlanu ngaphezulu izithuthi yokulwa yotshaba. ixesha lokugqibela ithamsanqa wancuma phezu kwakhe ngoJanuwari 1945. Okokugqibela, ezingamakhulu amathathu ananye usindiso lwakhe emoyeni.

igqala uyakhumbula

Gerhard Barkhorn walondoloza iingxelo amadabi zomoya, apho kwakhe inxaxheba. Iinkumbulo zakhe ngokucacileyo ukuba ukhetha Amaqhinga ekuhlaselweni, luxwila ngobuchule phezu umdlali welinye kwelanga okanye esiza ukusuka ezantsi, nomsila-moya yotshaba. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, yena kakuhle ubuchule edabini zakudala kunye amathuba kunye yonke yokugcina nobuchule ukulwa moya wumbi.

Ekhumbula Iminyaka yemfazwe, unika indumiso phezulu umdla nesakhono labaqhubi ezininzi Soviet. Umzekelo woku inkcazelo ukulwa bakhe Russian pilot engaziwayo kuye, yathatha imizuzu phantse mane wazisa uloyiso nangapha. Gerhard usixelela ukuba indlela aqhuba odla ibhabha, ezama ukufumana omnye Ungqabhuko umatshini-gun awaba nako ukuyenza loo nto; inqanaba elinobuchule zombini ulingana no, kwaye ngexesha elinye phezulu ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ubuchwepheshe jet entsha

Ekupheleni imfazwe German Air Force bexhobe zakutshanje ngexesha lo moya jet Me-262. Ezi imishini baxhotyiswe webutho, owawukhokelwa uLieutenant General Galland. Kuba uphuhliso ubugcisa obutsha ekuchithweni kwayo kanye pilot ukunyusa Barkhorn Gerhard kuphangela.

Noko ke, ukuba uqeqesho olufanelekileyo,-ACE waseJamani kabini kuphela wathabatha ukuba isibhakabhaka phezu umatshini omtsha. Ngexesha ngokungaphumeleli injini yokulwa moya yesibini, kwaye Ngaphezu koko, ngeli xesha linzima, yena ngequbuliso yahlaselwa ukulwa yiSoviet. Kunzima ukutsho oko wasindiswa ubomi Gerhard Barkhorn: luck apho, loo nto ayizange amshiye yonke imihla imfazwe, okanye isakhono liphezulu, kodwa eli xesha ke wasinda ekufeni, ngokukhuselekileyo lukhona lo moya nge injini eziphosakeleyo.

Kakade emhlabeni, kokuba wadubula, ukuphuma ndlwana moya. Ngokungalindelanga amvalele lantern, waza wafumanisa emoyeni ngexesha uzama ukwenza jump iparashute, kunye Gerhard Barkhorn lifumana ngesibetho kakhulu entanyeni. Ngenxa yoko, ekupheleni kwemfazwe wayedibana esibhedlele. Isiphumo Indlela wakhe wamajoni kakhulu umxhelo: e nokuhlasela 1104, ngexesha apho wadutyulwa phantsi izihlandlo ezilithoba, wabatshabalalisa 301 moya yotshaba. Ngeli xesha kwimbali Luftwaffe amanqanaba aphezulu ufika umntu omnye kuphela - ugxa wakhe UErich Hartmann.

Inkonzo kwi Force Air e West Germany

Emva kwemfazwe, amathamsanqa nangoku watshintsha ace obungasifanelanga, yintoni ungqina ngokucacileyo ngobomi bakhe. Gerhard Barkhorn yathinjwa Amanyeneyo Koloni kunyaka olandelayo yayisele free. Ngowe-1946, uMajor Gerhard Barkhorn waqhubeka inkonzo iindawo ukubhabha Force Air e West Jamani, yaye gqira waqalisa neemvavanyo imifuziselo ezintsha moya.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba oko kwenzeka kuye ngeli xesha ebomini, yaye engqina ukuba ubukho lwengqondo izinto ezihlekisayo ayizange iguquke kuyo ngonaphakade. Enye pilot abanezakhono impazamo. Yena aliphumelelanga ngobunono kwehlisa kwi-moya moya eziphathekayo "Koestler" ilungiselelwe nkqo ngexesha elinye kunye kokwehla. Noko ke, imoto entsha eninzi. Abasebenzi-moya, sibalekela ndaweni, eyona ukhathazeka malunga nemeko self Barkhorn Gerhard. A ibinzana beva, lokuvula moya, wenza wonke ndincume: "Lo wam ezingamakhulu amathathu okwesibini."

Ukufa - ngesiquphe yaye zaxoxwa

Kwaye ngoku, emva ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, kufanelekile ukuba achithe amagama ambalwa ukuba izenzakalo ezenzeka ebantwini. NgoJanuwari 1983, ngomhla sikude ekhokelela Munich, igqala Makazizukise kunye nomfazi wakhe kwingozi yemoto. Umfazi wafela kuloo ndawo, yaye kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva esibhedlele waza wafa Gerhard Barkhorn.

Amazwi akhe okugqibela zange avuza oonondaba, yaye yintoni wavakalelwa ngathi esithi ndacela indlela kubantu ngobomi kulo mntu nyaka-63 ubudala owenze ngaphezu kwewaka nokuhlasela, ngaphezu kwakanye watyelela esengozini ekufeni, luze luphele ubomi bakhe isondo imoto kwesinye iindlela ezininzi ukhululekile European ngubani owaziyo . Eneneni uThixo usebenza ngeendlela ezingaziwayo.