Paris inkqubo yemali

Namhlanje, kukho malunga namakhulu amabini amazwe. Bonke bephela - ngabalawulwa njengenkqubo yoqoqosho yehlabathi. Zonke States, ukongeza, ayalingana omnye komnye ngokusemthethweni.

Imarike lokuqala exchange angaphandle wesizwe kwasekwa ngenkulungwane ye-19 emva kokuba revolution yezoshishino. Isisekelo sayo monometallism legolide umgangatho lwemali yegolide. indlela esemthethweni isakhiwo currency yokuqala ngokusesikweni kule nkomfa Paris, isivumelwano koorhulumente ungene ngemvume 1867. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ifomu kuphela ngamazwe imali zegolide ezaziwayo. Ngelo xesha nye wazalisekisa umsebenzi ngqo imali. Imali kunye nenkqubo yemali (zombini jikelele kunye nakuzwelonke) baba twatse. Umahluko, Noko ke, kwaba kuphela kukuba, wayesiza kwimarike, ezi imali yamkelwe njengoko intlawulo ngokungqinelana kunye nobunzima babo.

Paris inkqubo yemali akuboni ukuba imigaqo ethile zesakhiwo.

Okokuqala, wenqwelwana umgangatho lwemali yegolide. Okwesibini, imali ngasinye umxholo wayo. Xa parities negolide yabo bazimisela ngokufanelekileyo. Zonke iimali ezo zijikwe lula ukuya ngegolide. Ithi ngoko isicelo njenge imali ngokubanzi eyaziwayo ngamazwe. Okwesithathu, i-Paris inkqubo lemali avotayo unyango lwe amazinga otshintshiselwano, free-ezidadayo, kuthathelwa okufunwa ziimalike akhawunti kunye nonikezelo ngaphakathi amanqaku yegolide. Xa ngaphantsi kwe zixatyiswe izinga emarikeni, loo onetyala uqhuba intlawulo igolide.

Paris inkqubo yemali liyinxalenye igolide ixabiso olusezantsi isenzo ethile yolawulo lwemveliso, indlela yolawulo ye uzilawula kwezoqoqosho, ulungelelwano lwentlawulo, emali, iintlawulo ngamazwe. Lo mgangatho wabonisa ukusebenza kwayo kuthelekiswa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, xa sokunqika esebenzayo, inceda alinganayo yohlengahlengiso lwentlawulo kunye nomgaqo-lawulo wemali.

Paris inkqubo yemali lanyanzela States ibhalansi lwentlawulo kusilela, ukuchitha nkqubo deflationary. Kweli lizwe thina umda Isibonelelo semali ejikeleza kwi-mali masisiqhube ngegolide asezantsi amazwe. Noko ke, umzekelo, e-UK, nangona esitalini, "esinganyangekiyo" kusilela esikalini kweentlawulo, yenzeka sisixa semali net. Kuba phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu ngaphambi leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi kuphela Thaler Austria kunye lwedola ukwehla American lubekwa. Kulo mzekelo, i franc French, kwakunye omhle phawundi wahlala nokuqulethileyo igolide bengaguquki 1815 ukuya 1914. Ukusebenzisa iintlawulo ngamazwe indima ephambili oncomekayo wesikiti, i-United Kingdom liya kuzihlawula yohlengahlengiso lwentlawulo intsilelo ngoncedo lwemali kazwelonke.

Uphawu Uphawu kukuba phakathi uloyiso umgangatho zegolide yobalo class kwenziwa ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa imizobo. Ezi uyilo abakhutshwa kwi yesizwe, ikakhulu IsiNgesi, imali. Kulo mzekelo, igolide liye lasetyenziswa iintlawulo ibhalansi ezigxekayo yohlengahlengiso lwentlawulo ngamazwe. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwakukho umkhwa yokuncipha kwenani kubonelelo imali, yaye oovimba ezisemthethweni yezabelo zegolide. I-metal esixabisekileyo sele andigweqe yi imali leengxoxo ngetyala. Ukusetyenziswa komgaqo-nkqubo deflationary kwi ummiselo izinga lotshintshiselwano, bemthoba amaxabiso nokwandisa ngqesho wavusa ukunganeliseki lwentlalo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umgangatho igolide uyekile ukuhlangabezana sikhokelo yokukhula amaqhina kwezoqoqosho kunye nemiqathango rhwebo. Ukuqala leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi kungqamane nengxaki inkqubo ngamazwe. Kulo mzekelo, ngemali iindleko zomkhosi yenziwa (kunye ne-mboleko, iirhafu, inflation) encediswa ngegolide, asebenze imali ngamazwe.