Outstanding Battle of Grengam island

Ukutyhubela imbali yayo ubukhosi Russian wafuna ukuba afumane ufikelelo kwi kuLwandle eBaltic , yaye ngenxa yoko, ingabi wangena nje imfazwe kunye namazwe angabamelwane. Benkulungwane ye-18, wayexakekile.

impi enkulu Northern

Ukususela ngenkulungwane yokuqala-18, uBukhosi Russian ilwa Sweden (umhla Enkulu Northern War: . 02/22/1700 - 10/09/1721 gg). Zokulindela ekupheleni kwemfazwe, emva kokuqala grand aselwandle kwi Idabi Russia Gangut, amaBritane kwakhula amandla abo kunye bokuphathisana olujoliswe rapprochement kunye balwa. IsiNgesi umfelandawonye yomkhosi wamanzi kunye Sweden Asabela ukwandisa kakhulu kwizithuthi Russian.

Abathathi-nxaxheba impi

Imfazwe Northern Russia wazibandakanya mnye ne ePoland, Denmark kunye Saxony nxamnye Sweden (northbound) kunye Ottoman (kwelasezantsi), apho ebudeni bemfazwe ujoyine eNgilani imikhumbi yakhe. umphathi Russian omkhulu uPetros, iinjengele abo ekhokelwa ke ukulwa yonke kwicala - Galitzine, Sheremetev kunye Apraksin. Ukususela sizana - August II, mna kunye Georg Fridrih Vilgelm. Bona umelana i-Swedish ukumkani Karl XII kunye Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III.

Ababhali-mbali banikela uvavanyo olungumxube inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Northern Ukrainian Cossacks njengoko Cossacks yokuqala ikhokelwa ngu Ivanom Mazepoy ezibe ecaleni uPetros, nasemva Karl XII uthembise ukuba akhulule ilizwe Ukrainian, waya kwi balwa.

Uloyiso yokuqala yolwandle

Ngehlobo lowe-1714, imikhumbi Russian ekhokelwa avant-garde, leyo phantsi umyalelo uPetros Enkulu, woyisa umkhosi Swedish eCape Hanko. bempi IsiRashiya ukuya kuthimba mzuzu xa balwa kwanyanzeleka ukuba zahlule zithuthi yakhe kumacala amabini. Ngenxa yoko, imikhosi Russian yayivalekile iinqanawa Swedish yangasemva Admiral Erenshelda. Abavuma anikezele, yaye uPetros umyalelo lokuhlasela.

Ukuphumelela Gangut kususa intsomi invincibility le balwa, yaye laba sisiqalo sothotho amadabi ngempumelelo emkhosini. July 27, 1714 - umhla Enkulu Northern War, ukufumanisa indima yawo ngakumbi, kwaye iza kuqinisa isikhundla eFinland.

ekuhlanganisweni iziphumo

Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva fleet Russian yakwazi ukuphinda uhlela zakhe zaqaqamba aselwandle ngo-1714. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi 1720, bephethwe ngokomyalelo uPetros uMphathi Omkhulu we iinqanawa eliphezulu Russian Navy Jikelele Golitsyn nxamnye Swedish isekela-gosa Sheblata, ngubani umthetho a butho. Russian zithuthi ukuphehla babehlanganisene kwi-Gulf of Bothnia, kunye imikhumbi ezingaphezu kwama-50 nangaphezulu kancinane nje amaphenyane kweshumi. Ngokubanzi, iinqanawa Russian lweminwe nezixhotyiswe kunye nemipu ezimbini amahlanu elinanye lamawaka amajoni axhobileyo ukulungele ukuba ilwe phezu kwamanzi kunye nomhlaba.

Phezu kwazo noludumileyo ngamanani iinqanawa Swedish (kodwa imikhosi emoyeni kuphela malunga namawaka), Jikelele Golitsyn indawo mhle lexinene Flisesund ivaleke baqeshwe. Imikhumbi Russian ise kwisangqa, sikulungele ukuhlangabezana iinqanawa yotshaba. amajoni ngaphambili kancinane Russian njengoko kokuloba kwakhululwa elwandle evulekileyo. Balwa wabalekiselwa ibutho kunye behlaselwa. frigates ezimbini, ebandakanyekileyo ekufuneni, babalekela khona umkhombe ngoxa olubiyele intshukumo olunye frigates amabini kwaye inqanawa Swedish yomgama. imikhumbi ukuphehla Russian kwakufunwa ezikwazi kwaye lula kwakudlula shallows, ukuchaza ngakumbi ukulingana kwamandla ngexesha xa kukho idabi yomkhosi e Grengam esiqithini.

Ngexesha edabini, paratroopers Russian sakhwela frigates nje ezine. Ezo ekhubekisayo esebenzayo engalindelekanga kwaye wamsongela kwi-flight weenqanawa Swedish. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi jikelele, ilahleko ilinganiselwa kwi abangaphezu kwekhulu balwa sibulele amajoni ezine ekuthinjweni. Ngelo xesha linye edabini off kwisiqithi Grengam ibango 82 ubomi phakathi kwamasoldati Russian, bengamakhulu amabini abantu umbanjwa Swedish.

Iziphumo ze Northern War kunye nokusayinwa iSivumelwano Nystad

July 27, idabi aselwandle 1720 Russian-Swedish e Grengam Island yaba nembali yamajoni njenge edabini, ukuze kukhawuleziswe ekuphelisweni iSivumelwano Nystad, yaphela iMfazwe loMntla. A isivumelwano soxolo yaphela elide kwiMfazwe Northern kunye iziphumo ezidibanisayo kuba Russian uBukhosi nezo zingentle ngokumalunga Sweden.

Ngokwesivumelwano, eRashiya idluliselwe kwi "ilifa ngonaphakade" of the Republic of Karelia, ilizwe elingaselwandle ukusuka Vyborg ukuya Riga, oko kukuthi, yonke Gulf of Finland, kwaye ilizwe ifumene ukufikelela awayesibawela ukuya kuLwandle lweBaltic. ESweden, iRussia kwafuneka sibuyele eFinland ukuhlawula ityala likarhulumente kule mali engange kwezigidi ezibini. Emva kokugqitywa kwale mvumelwano Nishtadt ngo 1721. eSweden baphelelwe ngamandla alo bangaphambili. Ngowe-1723 eSweden waqalisa rapprochement ne-Russia ngethemba siphinde unxweme iBaltic, bebingelela umanyene eNgilani.

ERashiya, isiphelo sehlabathi wayibhiyozela kukhululwe imbasa eyi kunye namaxesha zizityebi. Kwaliwa off kwisiqithi Grengam wazisa amandla yomkhosi Russian kunye nomkhosi wenqanawa ukuya kwinqanaba entsha, kwaye iimfazwe nxaxheba zanikwa iimbasa zegolide nezesilivere. Nishtadt isivumelwano mutual eqinisekiswe uxolelo bonke kodwa Cossacks, lowo wamngcatshayo uPetros inxenye uKarl. Kwakukho wavusa umbuzo unqulo, njengoko kwi kwintsimi yangaphambili yaseSweden, abo bayiwelayo eRashiya, yaqalisa inkululeko yonqulo.