Nxaxheba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Ziziphi iintshukumisa kwamaqela ungquzulwano ukuqala ukulwa?

The First World War - imbambano enkulu yomkhosi ngexesha lakhe. Longquzulwano yenzeke ngokwesiseko kwentlekele unxulumano phakathi kwamazwe aseYurophu. Bonke nxaxheba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi waba iinjongo zalo. Bekukho ngexesha kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe izibonda ezimbini - i Entente kunye Triple Alliance.

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Nxaxheba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi - ukuba phantse onke amazwe aseYurophu. Ekuhambeni kweziganeko, abhalisa iqela inkcaso. Cala eSwitzerland, eNetherlands, eSweden, Norway, eSpeyin, Denmark.

Enye amaqela ukuba impi yaba Entente - womanyano yenziwe yi Russia, iBritani kunye neFransi. A phawu uphawu isivumelwano - wayengekho isivumelwano olunye nxaxheba anqongophele ngenxa yezivumelwano abambiseneyo. Enye esayinwe 1904 phakathi Great Britain neFransi, le yesibini - ngo-1907, amaqela kwakukho United Kingdom naseRashiya. Kwicala Amanyeneyo balwa eRomania, Italy (1915), Greece kunye namanye amazwe Balkan. Phambi kokuphela kwemfazwe, ngenxa yeentlekele kweli lizwe, eRashiya wemka emfazweni.

Kwakutheni ukuze amazwe Entente yaqala ingxabano?

Bonke nxaxheba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi waba izizathu zabo nokubandakanyeka inkcaso:

• Russia uye wafuna ukwandisa kwisigaba eziphembelela eYurophu - ukuba ube yinkokeli phakathi kwamazwe Slavic. Ingakumbi abanomdla ukufikelela kwi kuLwandle lweMeditera. Ukongeza, kukho ezicacileyo vypadki uchuku ngu eJamani nxamnye neRashiya.
• France ukususela Franco-Prussia War, eyayibanjelwe ububi yayo eJamani yaye efuna ukuziphindezela. Noko ke, kwakukho kukoyika ukuphulukana amathanga abo e-Afrika. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, France akusekho bakwazi ukukhuphisana kurhwebo, ngoko wafuna ngokususa elichasayo esinamandla kwakhona ukubaluleka.
• I-UK naye eziliqela ezibangela imfazwe eJamani. Okokuqala, iBritani wafuna ukuthintela umthondo German kwi amathanga yaseBritani Afrika. Kuye lalwa elide imfazwe urhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Okwesibini, ndandifuna revenge for eJamani ukuba yokugqibela yaxhasa iqela British le Anglo-Boer War.
• Serbia wayengekho ngunozala i Entente, kodwa kwafuneka izizathu ukuba sibe ingxabano. Urhulumente ndandisemncinane, wayenza nempembelelo - ukuthatha inxaxheba ukruthakruthwano ezinjalo zingabanga basenze sibe inkokeli mazwe Balkan. Serbia ngasese walwa Austria-Hungary.

Izintlu nxaxheba kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I ndicebisa ukuba ungquzulwano ngendlela ethile yachukumisa lonke Europe.

Block abachasi - Triple Alliance

Military zezopolitiko ubunye eJamani, Austria-Hungary kunye Italy kwasekwa kwenkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha. Isivumelwano yokuqala esatyikitywa ngowe-1879. Abasunguli Austria-Hungary kunye Germany, kwiminyaka-3 kamva zangamawele, zithabathela yi Italy.

Kwicala le Triple Alliance walwa eTurkey Bulgaria. Italy ndarhoxa zokusebenzisana 1915. EJamani, Austria-Hungary, Turkey (Ottoman) kunye Bulgaria yabizwa ngokuba kane Alliance.

Kubume wayo kwakukho ilizwe ngamandla. Germany iye phambili ubudlelwane lwezoqoqosho kunye nelwezopoliko, bamsukela ngempumelelo umgaqo-nkqubo lobukoloniyali eAfrika. karhulumente enamandla yanikwa Austria-Hungary. It is on nommandla wayo, kwaye kukho isehlo, ezaba sizathu siphambili sokuba kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe - ukubulawa yindlalifa kwitrone Franz uFerdinand.

Kutheni amazwe afana Triple Alliance War?

Ukukwazi ukujongana iqela kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho yaba kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. amazwe inxaxheba yinxalenye Agreement eMithathu, yaba inani iintshukumisa ukuqala ukulwa:

• Germany wafuna ukhokelo ekuzibonakaliseni eYurophu. Yena uzama ukutshabalalisa impembelelo Russia, France. Enye injongo ebalulekileyo ngumnqweno ukufumana amathanga ngakumbi eAfrika.
• Austria-Hungary wayefuna ukugcina intsimi yabo ekhoyo kwaye ufake ezintsha. Wafuna, kwakunye eRashiya, ukuze abe yinkokeli zonke nokuxubana.

Emva kokuphela impixano nxaxheba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi bafumene buthathaka uqoqosho kunye norhulumente ukungazinzi. Emva kokuyaphula sibhalelwe zonke ezikhoyo ngexesha bukhosi.