Inqanawa "Eagle" - awahlali lokuqala Russian

Ngowe-1636 e eRashiya yayakhiwe wempi, ebizwa ngokuba "Frederick," kodwa uphuma kwenye imo - Schleswig-Holstein (umhlaba kumantla eJamani, ikomkhulu - Kiel). Ngoko ke, lo nqanawa "Eagle", wakha kule minyaka 1667-1669, uthathwa ukuba kwizibulo imikhumbi Russian emkhosini.

Izizathu ukwakha nokulungisa iinqanawa yokuqala

Imvelaphi ekwakhiweni kwayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Xa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, obelawula Rus 'ukususela 1645 ukuya 1676, ngokunzima eziphuhliswe neentlobano zorhwebo kunye nabamelwane balo, aquka iPheshiya (i-Iran kule mihla). Kwabakho imfuneko yokukhangela kwi oLwandle lweCaspian. Amaxesha baba anzima, size sisayinwe tsar Russian kwaye i-Persian Shah isivumelwano sorhwebo igatya ezikhethekileyo zicacisiwe imfuno yokukhusela iindlela zorhwebo ziinkundla zomkhosi. "Eagle" Inqanawa kusisiphumo kwesi sivumelwano.

indlela onoxanduva

Ngowe-1667, le Oka River ngezantsi nje ekudibaneni Moskva River, kwidolophana ekuthiwa Dedinovo waqala ukwakha nokulungisa iinqanawa encinane. Kuye yenzelwe ukwakhiwa omunye umkhumbi, irobhothi, elwandle ezimbini amaphenyane. Lowo kwisicwangciso sokuqala. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukuba uphumile ukusuka Netherlands kunye namanye amazwe vaka iingcibi - Geltow, UMphathiswa no Van den Streck. Ukongeza baye bamenywa ukuba ukwalathisa ulawulo nentlangano zokwakha iinqanawa Colonel Van Bukovec, umthetheli kunye kormschik Butler. Ukususela kwiidolophana ezikufuphi amanqaku abachweli 30, 4 no-4 Smith gunner. Ulawulo jikelele inkqubo imvelaphi weenqanawa Russian yanikwa umsebenzi Boyar AL Ordyn-Nashchokin, enye iindwalutho zasebukhosini ofundileyo kakhulu kwaye smart. Kwakhona fanele ukuba ingcamango yabucala Russian lwaphela, landlelwe.

ubunzulu

Ngokucacileyo, ngenxa yokuba karhulumente elibi sisondela inqanawa "Eagle" kwakhiwa ngexesha ngokuphawulekayo elifutshane - ngaphantsi konyaka. Siqalise ukwakha Novemba 14, 1667, yaye sele-19 Meyi 1668 ukuba ngokusesikweni. Yintoni na? Kabini-Uhonjiswe, ezintathu-nge- umkhumbi kunye bowsprit uhlobo Western yaseYurophu yaba uhlobo Dutch Pinas - ngesikhephe isitya ekuqhubeni isicelo ngokubanzi. Iparameters balihlutha inqanawa "Yokhozi", ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ubude kwenqanawa waba 24.5 m, ububanzi 6.5 m, ubunzulu 1.5 m imvula kuso. Imali ukwakha xinyenyana zifunyenwe kuPetros Admiralty siphu- I - kuyalelwe ekufikeni. Iindleko zizonke yaba 2221 engange. Awahlali yakhiwa Abakhi Russian Stepan Petrov kunye neprojekthi Yakov Poluektovym kuthethwa Cornelius van Beech. Wempi "Eagle" zaba zixhobo zilandelayo - 22 ukutya (imipu) ukuvuleka ukusuka ezintandathu ukuya ezimbini iinyawo, muskets 40, pistols 40, iziqhushumbisi ngesandla. Eli qela kufuneka luqulathe igama 56 - umthetheli, oomatiloshe 22 (ngokwe kweminye imithombo, iingcali-20 kunye namagosa 2), 35 streltsi.

-Cradle of the Russian lwaphela

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indawo ukwakhiwa yokwakhela lwakhethwa enengqondo. Dedinovo lali Wasolula kuwo omabini kweenxweme Oka River. Nazi oki, yinto cwangciso zokwakha. A butho of frigates, elwandle sloops ezimbini iVolga ngo-1669, kwafika Astrakhan. Umkhombe mayixhotyiswe unyawo amathandathu nemipu ezimbini, nganye sloop mnye squeaking na ukuvuleka efanayo. Kutheni kuphela ngo 1669, le lori yafika Astrakhan? Ulibaziseko ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto, kunye wempi i "Eagle" Kwanyanzeleka ukuchitha ubusika phezu Oka. Ukuvela le ndawo yokwakhela ayimakishileyo hayi kuphela ukuzalwa nesinqanawa wesizwe, kodwa negalelo ekuveleni Korabelniy mnqophiso kunye norhwebo ulwandle iflegi Russian. "ISiqendu 34 ISiqendu" ezifunyenwe phambi kokuba sinduluke imikhumbi ezine kwakhokelela Galiota "Yokhozi" yaba kwase le Charter of the Navy. Tricolor, ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, kakhulu, kokusungulwa apha yokuqalisa i "Eagle", nangona ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, uPetros ndasondela ngokobuqu oko ceba imibala, umyalelo nolwalathiso eentsontelo. Inqanawa lokuqala "Yokhozi" yathiywa imbeko kophawu Russian ingalo. April 25, 1669 wakhupha ummiselo ewonga inqanawa yegama.

ekupheleni buhlungu

Ngo-Agasti, ngenyanga awahlali, nguMphathi Butler kunye nezinye iimpahla zihleli kwi Astrakhan kuhlasela. Isixeko sele babekade bengamabanjwa abalimi eneenkani ikhokelwa yi Stepan Razin. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, iinqanawa batshiswa yi-Cossacks Razin, kwelinye icala, inqanawa yokuqala "Yokhozi" u sirhelele iminyaka emininzi Ukungenzi kwisiteshi Kutum kude kube eze azisalungiseki epheleleyo. Loo ezimanyumnyezi ofunyenwe awahlali. Akazange umiselwe ukuba ahambe iinqanawa zabarhwebi ePersi, ukunqumla Khvalynskoe (lweCaspian) elwandle. Kodwa kusoloko uya kuba umkhumbi lokuqala Russian. Peter I ngokuphindaphindiweyo ndatyelela yokwakhela yokuqala Russian kwaye kuqatshelwe ukuba awahlali yokuqala, nangona lizaliseke umsebenzi wayo; kodwa ke kuye waya lonke oomatiloshe. Kuthiwa yenqanawa spire Admiralty icacisa efana kakhulu inqanawa odumileyo Russian "Eagle".