Cosmonaut Popovich Pavel Romanovich: ibhayografi emfutshane

I yokuqala cosmonaut Ukrainian Popovich uPawulos, wazalwa entsatsheni kakhulu elula nabaqhelekileyo. Kunzima ubani baye bacinga ukuba lo mntu uza kuba ngomnye kwabambalwa unethamsanqa elaneleyo ngo-1960 ukuba babhalise iqela lokuqala cosmonauts kunye edume Yuriem Gagarinym kabili ukubhabha emajukujukwini.

Inyaniso encinane eyaziwayo malunga umhla esemthethweni lokuzalwa

Pavel Popovich - usomajukujuku biography kunye iifoto eziza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku - wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 1929. Ngelo xesha elinye yonke imithombo ezisemthethweni, umhla wokuzalwa komntu odumileyo kubonisiwe ngo 1930. isiphithiphithi onjalo ingcaciso yayo, ngenxa yokuba ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, amaJamani bawayazitshisa kwidolophu Pavel Romanovich, wabatshabalalisa isiqinisekiso sakhe sokuzalwa. Nangona ukubuyisa nayiphi na amaxwebhu yobuqu inokuba kuphela ezintendelezweni, nasemehlweni amangqina amabini, engqina yonke idatha kufuneka ibuyiselwe.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, kude kube namhlanje ubungqina ulingo ezimbini wathi ukuba Pasha encinane wazalwa ngo-1930. Nangona amabango unina wakhe, wazala unyana ngowe-1929, inkundla wathabatha icala amangqina, waza wabonakala inkwenkwe kwingxelo metric, njengoko apho unyaka wokuzalwa kwakhe yakhethwa th 1930.

Usapho kunye nabazali abahloli indawo elizayo

Pavel Popovich - ukuba ngusomajukujuku, ogama womfundisi phantsi ingqalelo ngexesha leSoviet kwaye kuyaqhubeka ukuba abe nomdla kakhulu namhlanje - wachitha kwasebuntwaneni yakhe Ukraine. Wakhulela kwidolophu Uzin, ngoku iba kwisithili Belotserkovsky, ummandla Kyïv.

Usapho lwakhe kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba elo xesha. UYise - Roman Porfirevich - yaba umlimi elula, a Stakhanovite, owayesoloko babesebenza ilizwe. Ngelo xesha, wakwazi ukuba ukugqiba udidi school-2 kuphela. Ukususela ngoko, omabini kwisixeko sakhe Uzin wakha mveliso iswekile, uyise elizayo, ihlabathi usomajukujuku eyaziwayo ukusebenza kuyo njenge stoker. Umfazi of Roman Porfiryevich kunye nomama uPawulos - Feodosiya Kasyanovna - wayevela kwintsapho esisityebi. ke likhankanya ephikisana intombi Abazali bakhe watshata ngumlimi olihlwempu. Kodwa uTheodosius wabonisa nabalinganiswa kunye, nangona emva komtshato kunye baseRoma, yena wasala ngaphandle uncedo evela usapho abazizityebi, kodwa watshata umntu emthanda. Ngenxa yale uthando 1929 waza wafumana omnye koonyana babo - Paul. Bonke entsatsheni wayenabantwana abahlanu.

ubunzima ebuntwaneni kwempi

Pavel Popovich - ukuba ngusomajukujuku, ogama iifoto kunokubonwa kweli nqaku, - zafumana wakhula enzima, njengoko kwenza abaninzi oontanga bakhe, ubuntwana ogama kwenzeka kwixesha kwempi. Kodwa phambi kokuba imfazwe, njengoko enye kubantwana abahlanu ngabazali sisityebi kakhulu, lo mfana waqonda ukuba ubomi abukho lula.

Ngowe-1933, Ukraine wambetha indlala eyoyikekayo, kwaye cosmonaut elizayo Popovich (ngubani ngoko wayeneminyaka-4 kuphela ubudala) kade egula sisifo esibi - yamathambo. Inkwenkwe likwazile sisinde umbulelo kuphela siseko yakhe irobust ezongeziweyo, kodwa ngenxa kwesi sifo umntwana intloko enkulu kakhulu. Nangona ezi ngxaki, akazange ayeke ukunceda abazali bakhe, waba ngumalusi, iigusha neenkomo.

Phambi kokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa le nkwenkwe yayiluhlobo umfundi kwibakala 4, wafumana enye indlela ukunceda ukwenza usapho lwakho - uPawulos waba nanny of anti abantwana bakhe. Wayehlala for-5 km ukusuka Uzin, kunye nomgama cosmonaut elandelayo Popovich, ngobomi ogama kwakungelula ukususela ebuntwaneni, ndeyisayo ngezikaTshiwo, ephethe izihlangu zakhe ngezandla zakhe, ukuze ukuba niyimilowo ngaphandle ndabulaleka.

Xa kwaqalisa imfazwe, Uzin iye awayephantsi amaJamani, kunye noPawulos ngokwakhe wavakalelwa banomngeni msebenzi yotshaba. Enye German elide baphila ayehleli endlwini Popovich ngokokuze lo mfana ukuba afunde iindlela German ngokwaneleyo ngqwabalala: Ukuba umntwana akwazi ukuphendula umbuzo kuye isiJamani, waza wabethwa. Ngowe-1943, amaJamani baqalisa ukuqalisa awususe amadoda nabafana ukusebenza eJamani, yaye ngokuphepha kuphangwa ezifana, njengomntu oselula, Pasha wanyanzeleka ukuba ukunxiba njenge intombazana nokufihla ebusuku kwi ongaphantsi zokwexeshana (uyise wemba koovimba). Emva omnye ubusuku, lo cosmonaut edume Popovich wajika hina xa eneminyaka engama-13.

Pavel Popovich - Cosmonaut: A Biography (short)

Ngethamsanqa, ekupheleni kwemfazwe usaqhubeka, yaye intsapho enkulu enabantwana abaninzi kwafuneka ukoyisa iingxaki ezininzi. Inkwenkwe babuyela esikolweni, kodwa ngenxa yokuba intsapho yakhe kwakufuneka uncedo inzuzo, abazali bam wagqiba ukuba ngaphandle kwesikolo. Pavel Popovich - ukuba ngusomajukujuku, biography ogama kwakunzima ukususela ebuntwaneni - yaba ngqo A, ngenxa yoko titshala ukuziphendulela lomfundi kunye nabazali ayengavunyelwa ukuba ashiye ongafundanga yakhe. Xa umntu oselula uyakuthanda ukufunda, kodwa wayefuna ukunceda intsapho yakhe, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukufumana umsebenzi ebusuku kwaye ufumane umlinganisi zezityalo zendawo.

Pavel Popovich - ukuba ngusomajukujuku, ogama usapho ayikho imali kakhulu - waqonda ukuba umsebenzi ezinokufundwa ixesha elide akaba nako kule imo, ngaphandle umvuzo bakhe baba mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye entsatsheni, waba ngaphezu emlonyeni wakhe. Ngoko ke, xa umhlobo wamenywa ukuba aye esikoleni sokufundela kwi White Church, isigqibo senziwa kwangoko. Onesiphiwo uPawulos, owathi kwiimviwo zokungena likwazile ukwenza isitulo egqibeleleyo, ababhalise esikolweni kanye kunyaka wesibini. Njengoko umfundi ukuba wayefanele yokufunda kunye izidlo ezithathu ngosuku. Emva kokufumana uncedo-mali ethile, kunye nesikolo, wangena waza waqhubeka izifundo zakhe esikolweni ebusuku.

imfundo Kugqitywe

Ngowe-1947, lo moyisi elizayo kwamabala obalaseleyo, cosmonaut Popovich waphumelela kwisikolo sokufundela nabaqeqeshiweyo njengoko cabinetmaker. Kwakhona, kunye unobumba creditable yena izidanga kwaye uqeqesho esikolweni ebusuku. Lo mfana kwafuneka ukuba aye kusebenza kwi GhostScript, kodwa umnqweno ayinakutshintshwa ukuqhubeka phambili nezifundo zabo. A lot of umgudu ngenxa yoku, uPawulos waya stroyfakultet eqela labasebenzi yobugcisa mveliso, apho elise Magnitogorsk. Kwaba khona ukuba butyhileke iitalente Yomntu: waqalisa wamanqindi, umkhondo kunye weightlifting kunye ekupheleni kwesifundo wafumana ukumpompoza kwezemidlalo-6 ezahlukeneyo.

Amkhanuke Mission

Inzala kwi moya, nesuka e uPawulos umntwana ngexesha lemfazwe, kunye nobudala akaphumanga naphi. Nje ngomfundi kunyaka-4, waba club etshisayo lendawo Magnitogorsk. Ukuganga phaya phezulu, yena wazifumana xa eqeqesha-moya UT-2 kwaye baqale ukuya ezulwini.

abathweswe izidanga kwi College mveliso yembaleki elinamandla, ngaphandle ilungu Aero club, akazange aye ofisi kuyabonwa isosha emkhosini waza ke uqeqesho kwi-Military Aviation School, leyo yayimi kufuphi naseNovosibirsk.

Qala omsebenzi lomqhubi wenqwelo-moya

Emva kokugqitywa ngempumelelo ikhosi yokuqala ngo-1952, Pavel Popovich - picture usomajukujuku inikwe kweli nqaku - wabelwa indiza iinjongo ezizodwa, leyo imi kummandla Amur kufuphi kwilali Pozdeevka. kwakamsinyane nje emva kokuba bafike entlanganisweni elikwinqanaba phoyisa, waba okhangela butho. Ukususela ngo-1954, uPawulos waqeqesha igosa Military Aviation School kunye Force Air emva kokuphumelela waba elilinge ukulwa lweenqwelo butho №265, yaye ngo-1957 wamiselwa pilot oyintloko. kamva Phantse unyaka ke idluliselwe ukukhonza Fighter webutho, inombolo 772, apho waba mkhosi lo butho.

Space Odyssey Popovich

Unyaka 1959 kwaba Paul Romanovich becala ebaluleke kuba kwakunjalo ngoko loo myalelo ekhethekileyo omkhosi zonyango, apho wayesebenza ngokutsho inkqubo solungiselelo okulungiselela kokuba abantu emajukujukwini wadalwa USSR. Ngokutsho udliwano eziliqela, iimviwo neemvavanyo Popovic wayengomnye oosomajukujuku 12 abaye ezikhethiweyo kwaye amalungu lokuqala ikhosi olwenziwa yi-Centre for loQeqesho Air Force oosomajukujuku.

Kwaye kakade 1960, K. Vershinin, ndingumthetheli Force Air, umyalelo wakhe esizinzileyo ukuba Pavel Popovich (biography kunye nobomi elandelayo luqinisekiswa kakhulu lo myalelo), kunye uYuri Gagarin, A. Nikolaev, G. titov kunye namanye amabali yenkqubo indawo eSoviet esilungiselela ukuze aphaphazele aye emajukujukwini.

Lo moya yokuqala "Vostok-4"

Ukuba ilungelo unikwe moya wokuqala Yuriyu Gagarinu, - ezaziwayo-kakuhle inyaniso. Kodwa ke ngo-1962, uSergey Korolev wabeka umsebenzi omtsha: ngo-Agasti, iqela ibambe ngohambo ezimbini baxhomekeka. Lokuqala yinxalenye yale ngxaki esiziswe ebomini 11/05/1962, xa waqalisa i "Vostok-3". Yena lwaqalwa yi Andreem Nikolaevym, kwaye ngomhla we-13 Agasti, wancediswa i "Vostok-4", olwaba Pavel Popovich. Ukuze zazi ukubaluleka kwesi siganeko emhlabeni wonke ngenene nzima kakhulu, kuba ebulela le ndiza kuqala kuqhutywa iimvavanyo ukufakwa yonxibelelwano radio phakathi iinqanawa ezimbini esithubeni.

Pavel Romanovich kwakhona okokuqala kwimbali yoluntu uwuzalisekisile yokuqhelwaniswa kwisiphekepheke esithubeni ongaphandle ngoncedo zolawulo manual. Enyanisweni Natural kukuba emva ukugaleleka ngempumelelo usomajukujuku ndibulisa njengeqhawe - kunye ndingaphelekwanga yekhethelo, iintlanganiso abaninzi. ubezukile yena nentsapho yakhe waya kumkhawulela makwazeke kuthelekiswa ehlabathini jikelele bleachers yekhethelo kufuphi inkokheli ephezulu Soviet. Ngenxa yokuba Pavel Romanovich waba abachaphazeleka ngqo kulo vaakelani va iqela lokuqala, kunye bonisa isibindi yena bawongwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

Lo moya yesibini emajukujukwini

Re-Union of isihloko hero Popovich ngowe-1974, emva nje kokuba umphathi abasebenzi yokuqala ababekhwele kweso "Soyuz-14" wenza ebaleka indawo yesibini. zimi ndawonye '' (a isikhululo isithuba leyo ise komzila) Bulisani-3 inqanawa yakhe. Lo moya joint yathatha iintsuku ezili-15. Lonke eli xesha, oosomajukujuku uphando kumphezulu womhlaba. Kwakhona Benza izifundo ezibalulekileyo malunga nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo umzimba womntu ezahlukeneyo nemigibe vaakelani va.

Abafazi kunye neentombi usomajukujuku

Pavel Popovich - le usomajukujuku, yimincili kakhulu abafazi abaninzi eSoviet ubomi lobuqu ngelo xesha - waba umtshato zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala yaba Marina Lavrentevna (Vasileva intombi nefani). Yena waye ugxa Pavla Romanovicha yaye a non-yemveli female wobugcisa - wendiza kwiklasi yokuqala. Esi sibini lasayina ngenxa 1955 kwaye bebonke baza bachitha ixesha elininzi - engama-30. Xa lo mtshato wazalelwa oonyana ababini: uOksana and Natasha, ngubani zombini ngexesha lakhe waphumelela MGIMO. Lo umtshato Kwakumnandi omnye, kodwa kube nzima, kuba omabini amaqabane ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo abe nenkani kakhulu kunye uphawu olomeleleyo. Emva kokushiya, bakwazi ukugcina nobuhlobo. Ngamnye kubo amalungiselelo kakhulu ngempumelelo ikamva labo zobuqu. Marina Lavrentevna ngokutsha utshatile-indoda egama isiphelo naye ezinxulumene ngqo emoyeni. Yakhe yesibini yaba nguye onyuliweyo, uMajor General Aviation - Boris Zhihorev. Pavel Romanovich naye watshata. ukhetho yakhe Alevtina Fedorovna. Kwaba naye awayebuphila de ekufeni kwakhe.