Njani igama "Mkhulu Ustyug"? Imbali Imizi Russian

Great Ustyug - ummandla Vologda yenye yeedolophu zindala ngasentla Russian lakhiwe ngasechwebeni umlambo omhle Sukhona. Le ndawo amazing kwaye zomlingo, kanye igama leyo ephefumlayo zamandulo. ntoni igama "Enkulu Ustyug", inokufunyanwa njani ngokubhekisa imbali yale dolophu encinane, kodwa odumileyo.

Imbali yamandulo komzi

Sisihlandlo sokuqala yaba ukusuka kunyaka 1207, nangona nagoko yaba zokuhlala enkulu. Ekuqaleni le ndawo kuthiwa Gleden Gleden okanye mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba induli encinci ehlumayo apho edolophini, inika imboniselo eyiyo.

Noko ke, Gleden - ayikho kakhulu Ustyug, njengoko laliphakathi kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwisixeko mihla, kodwa wonakele kwiimfazwe zembujiswano, utshiswe bangaze yakhiwe. Kodwa ekudibaneni esemlanjeni South Suhotnu wakhula isixeko esitsha. wenza njani igama Ustyug Great icacile ukusuka kwindawo yayo - ngasechwebeni loMlambo South. Okunye ngqo, ngaloo mihla igama laloo mzi kwathiwa nje Ustyug kunye nesihloko wakhe uya kufumana kamva.

Imbali yamandulo nomzi uzele iziganeko kunye sezakhiwo iingalo. Ekubeni yaqala kuze ngenkulungwane XVI Ustyug wayengomnye iinqaba ukuba wasivuna imida kumantla eRashiya, yaye kamva ubulawuli eMoscow.

Omnye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ngembali kwalo mzi ukuba akuzange kube serfdom. Ukuba ujonga apho Ustyug esiKhulu imaphu Russia, iya kucaca ukuba kutheni. Xa ezinjalo iindawo ezikude yomntla abaqeshisi akazange afune ukuhamba. Ngoko ke, abalimi basekuhlaleni simahla yaye kuhlawulwa irhafu ebuncwaneni mzi, apho ngaloo mihla yayigqalwa freestyle kakhulu.

Ukufunyanwa Isihloko

Igama Ustyug Omkhulu kwinkulungwane XVI, xa, ngenxa yokuvulwa kuLwandle Northern Route, esi sixeko saba neziko elibalulekileyo lorhwebo. It ukufika apha abathengisi esuka e-Netherlands ne England, wathwala iimpahla aphesheya. Ke umendo wabo ndibeka Vologda, yaye ukusuka apho waya eMoscow.

Uninzi imveliso ngelo xesha wawela yimilambo kunye Ustyug Great sise ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, ka misele. Akukho nimangaliswe ingubo isixeko ngayo iingalo wabeka umfanekiso Neptune. Imiphanda Jets amanzi ezandleni umlinganiswa wentsomi - imilambo Sukhona Yugi kunye nabalinganiswa ukuba bahlanganisane ukuze emNtla Dvina. Njani ukuze ukwazi yonke yabathengisi Great ama Ustyug.

Uphuhliso commerce iye nje kuphela ngumthombo wobutyebi lomzi, kodwa negalelo kuphuhliso obugcisa bezandla. Esi sixeko isahluma, wakha iicawa ezininzi neetempile, kunye ngabapeyinti kunye namagcisa ye Flatiron Great waye waduma inkosi nanto koonobumba ezizodwa, emantla.

Ustyuzhane wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso eSiberia. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kumaphulo ukuba uphuhliso lomhlaba omtsha Musa kuphela abalimi kunye neengcibi, kodwa abarhwebi kunye mveliso.

Ukuhla umzi kwi XVIII - eminyaka XIX

Ukoyisa uPetros I, ukufunyanwa yakhe landlocked kwakhokelela ekubeni ukulahleka Enkulu Ustyug ukubaluleka kwayo njengeziko zorhwebo. Kunye nokwakhiwa iziporo, esenzeka ngaphandle komzi, kwaye ngokupheleleyo baphangwe ngobukhulu bakhe bangaphambili. kweminyaka 200 emva kokuba Ustyug Omkhulu igama, ekugqibeleni waba kwidolophu encinane yephondo, lokusinda yezandla ngenxa ikakhulu, ezifana 'igquba North "edumileyo - blackening zesiliva.

Modern Great Ustyug

Okwangoku, esi sixeko, uniko manani abantu nje 30,000, kudala ibe ithandwa Bulelani yabakhenkethi ekuyiwa zokuhlala alondolozwe endala kunye neecawa. Iindwendwe boyiswa ubuhle bayo nangokuvumelana iicawa ezimhlophe kunye icawa lwekhulu XVII: Epiphany Sretensky yoTshintsho, Ioanna Ustyuzhskogo itempile Prokopievsky Cathedral kunye nebandla indala kwidolophu Ascension. Abaninzi lokusinda iitempile kunye amabandla kunye nexesha kamva. Bonke bephela udale umoya okhethekileyo namabali amandulo.

Ezinye kwizindlu ezinkulu yaye iicawa ngoku nisuke naba iimyuziyam, umzekelo, endlwini zomrhwebi Usov museum, wenzela St Nicholas ibandla, ungabona umboniso lobuciko.

Enye ezinika kungqonge i Ustyug Omkhulu iyodwa njengomthombo yendalo - ". Iqhosha Vaska kaThixo" enhle-mitha ezilishumi ebizwa Le ekufuphi kwilali Lower Tozma. Ngokutsho legend, ukuba ukuvela lo mthombo ufakwe paw umtyholi emangalisayo ogama Vaska, wacanda iliwa apho iqhosha amanqaku.

Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - kwi Ustyug Enkulu ipomakazi lendlu ka Santa Claus.

Kutyelelo ku Santa Claus

Ngoku abambalwa kakhulu abantu bacinga njani na igama Ustyug Enkulu, ucinga ukuba lo mzi ubizwa ngokuba Omkhulu ngenxa yokuba benza umlingo oyintloko belizwe Russian apho ubomi. Nangona ekhaya akhe esixekweni isaziso kuthelekiswa kutshanje - kwinkulungwane XX emva kwexesha.

Wakha ngezinto zezindlu zooyise kunye kwikhaya Santa Claus, nangaphandle, indoda emhlophe-elineentshebe ubudala kakuhle ziya sokuyilwa ezikhethekileyo mzi kwakudala, kwaye ubuhle ezisemagqabini nature wasentla.

Kwaye nabakhenkethi ezivela kulo lonke ilizwe ebusika ukuba ubungqina ekhayeni Santa Claus kunye inkosi obathi yokubanda. Kuba iindwendwe ubani uhlangabezana Ntombazana kunye nabalinganiswa ezahlukeneyo iintsomi Russian, inika ezahlukeneyo zokuzonwabisa, kuquka utyelelo olondolozo lwembali, sokuhlala of Santa Claus kunye neHolo kweTrone.

Indlela ukuya Ustyug Enkulu? elula kakhulu. Ukusuka eMoscow ne St Petersburg, kuyimfuneko ukuba uloliwe ukuya Kotlas, yaye ukusuka apho ibhasi eya kwiphandle Santa Claus. Kukho enye indlela - ukuya Vologda, apho nayo ibhasi. Ehlotyeni, ukususela Vologda ukuthatha uhambo isikhephe umdla.